Causes of abortion on New Zealand dairy farms with a history of abortion associated with Neospora caninum     

Weston JF  Heuer C  Parkinson TJ  Williamson NB 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2012,60(1):27-34

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云南咖啡锈菌小种鉴定     

白学慧  V M P VáRZEA  郭铁英  M C SILVA  张洪波  李锦红 《热带作物学报》2018,39(9):1800-1806

为明确云南咖啡锈菌小种类型,采用国际通用的 19 个咖啡锈菌生理小种鉴定寄主,利用人工接种鉴定的方法,对采自云南咖啡主产区 12 县（市）的 51 份咖啡锈菌进行鉴定,鉴定出 9 个小种,分别为 VIII（v2,3,5）、XXXIII（v5,7 or v5,7,9）、XXXIV（v2,5,7 or v2,5,7,9）、XXXVII（v2,5,6,7,9）、XLI（v2,5,8）、XLII（v2,5,7,8 or v2,5,7,8,9）、New race（v2,5,6,7）、New race（v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9）、New race（v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9）,这 9 个小种均为国内首次鉴定,其中小种 XXXIII、XXXIV、New race（v2,5,6,7）、New race（v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9）、New race（v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9）、XLI 和 XLII 均侵染 Catimor7963,小种 XXXVII 侵染 CatimorT5175。  相似文献   

Genetic diversity within and among southern African provenances of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Uapaca kirkiana</Emphasis> Müell. Årg using morphological and AFLP markers     

Weston F. Mwase  F. K. Akinnifesi  B. Stedje  M. B. Kwapata  Å. Bjørnstad 《New Forests》2010,40(3):383-399

Domestication of Uapaca kirkiana Müell. Arg is a high priority for improving rural livelihoods of smallholder farmers in southern Africa. Domestication efforts require knowledge of adaptive traits and intra-specific variation. Morphological traits and amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) markers were used to assess genetic variation in twelve provenances of U. kirkiana collected from southern Africa. Assessment of morphological traits showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between provenances. Provenances from Zimbabwe and Zambia showed faster growth than those from Malawi (except Phalombe) and Tanzania. Morphological traits exhibited strong genetic differentiation between provenances and within provenances. The degree of provenance differentiation of traits (Q _ST = 0.03–0.139, Q _ST mean = 0.092) was in the same range with that of AFLP loci (F _ST mean = 0.089) detected among provenances and within provenances (0.002 < F _ST < 0.259). The differentiation for some morphological traits could be attributed to local adaptation and human selection of the U. kirkiana trees at the site of origin. Mean Nei’s (H) genetic diversity of AFLP showed high diversity within the provenances (H = 0.181–0.321, H mean = 0.256). An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed higher genetic variation (90.8%) within provenances than among provenances (9.2%). There was no geographical pattern of variation in growth and morphological traits among the seed sources. Chipata provenance from Zambia was the most diverse while Mapanzure from Zimbabwe was the least diverse, though it was superior in height and earliest in fruiting. The pattern of genetic diversity indicates low selection in some areas and high gene flow which would be counteracting it. Therefore regional and country collections and conservation strategies should consider differences by focussing on the main range of the species by paying particular attention to unique populations within countries.  相似文献   

Necrotising fasciitis in a bull due to infection with Arcanobacterium haemolyticum     

Bancroft-Hunt JB  Weston JF  Munday JS 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2010,58(5):260-264

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Quantifying the fine scale (1km × 1km) exposure and effects of ozone. Part 1. Methodology and application for effects on forests     

D. Fowler  R. I. Smith  M. Coyle  K. J. Weston  T. D. Davies  M. R. Ashmore  M. Brown 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1995,85(3):1479-1484

Surface ozone concentrations show very large local variability. This, in rural areas, is largely a consequence of the degree to which the surface air is decoupled from the bulk of the atmosphere by nocturnal and winter stability effects and of the aerodynamic roughness and topography of the countryside. Procedures have been developed to simulate these effects and have been used with O₃ data from a regional monitoring network to quantify exposure of vegetation to mean and peak O₃ concentrations. The index of exposure to potentially phytotoxic O₃ concentrations is the AOT40 (accumulated exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb) expressed in ppb.h. The accumulated exposure of crop and forest surfaces to ozone is shown to increase approximately linearly with altitude and along a gradient from 3000 ppb.h in north west Scotland to 7000 ppb.h in the south of England. The area of UK forest which exceeds the critical level for ozone effects (10⁴ ppb.h above 40 ppb) totals 2.0 × 10⁴ km² and represents 47% of afforested land. The areas affected include most of southern and central England and Wales and large plantation forests of Northumberland and the Scottish borders.  相似文献   

New virus diseases: visible evolution     

MC HORZINEK 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(12):433-436

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Influence of cortisol and different steroidogenic pathways on estrogen synthesis by the bovine placenta     

M Hoedemaker  P G Weston  W C Wagner 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(7):1012-1015

The influence of cortisol on estrogen synthesis by the bovine placenta and the importance of the delta 4 and delta 5 pathway for estrogen production were investigated. For experiment 1, portions of fetal villi (200 mg) were incubated for 48 hours with 0, 10, 100, and 1,000 ng of cortisol/ml with [3H]androstenedione (3H-A) or [3H]pregnenolone (3H-P5). Villi were also incubated for 4, 28, and 52 hours with or without cortisol (500 ng/ml) and with 3H-A or 3H-P5 (experiment 2). The conversion of various [3H]steroid metabolites such as A, P5, 17 alpha-OH-pregnenolone (17 alpha-OH-P5), progesterone (P4), 17 alpha-OH-P4, cholesterol (chol), and chol plus lipoprotein (500 micrograms/ml) into estrogen was measured during a 4-hour incubation (experiment 3). In experiment 1, cortisol increased conversion of 3H-A and 3H-P5 into estrogen by 3 to 41% and 7 to 34%, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner (P less than 0.05). In experiment 2, times of incubation did not influence conversion of 3H-A into estrogen, which, however, was increased significantly (P less than 0.05) over all times of incubation by administration of 500 ng of cortisol/ml. Conversion of 3H-P5 into estrogen increased over time of incubation and was stimulated by cortisol (P less than 0.05). However, there was no interaction between cortisol treatment and time of incubation. In experiment 3, conversion of 3H-A, 3H-P5, and 3H-17 alpha-OH-P5 into estrogen was greater than the conversion of the other precursors tested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Uterine motility during the estrous cycle: studies in healthy bitches     

L G Wheaton  G J Pijanowski  P G Weston  T J Burke 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(1):82-86

Natural and drug-induced uterine motilities (UM) were recorded via uterine-implanted catheter-tip pressure transducers in 5 bitches during proestrus and estrus and in 6 bitches during early (30 days) and late (60 days) diestrus. The UM was monitored in unanesthetized bitches for 2 days after the estrous-cycle stage had been determined by vaginal cytologic findings. Natural UM, expressed as Alexandria units (pressure X frequency X duration of contractions), was greatest during estrus, moderate during proestrus, and appreciably decreased or lacking during early and late diestrus. During proestrus and estrus, prostaglandin F2 alpha (5 micrograms/kg of body weight, IV) induced intrauterine pressures of 107 and 115 mm of Hg, respectively, and oxytocin (0.05 USP units/kg, IV) induced pressures of 106 and 116 mm of Hg, respectively. In contrast, the intrauterine pressure values induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha given IV during early and late diestrus were 61 and 58 mm of Hg, respectively, and for oxytocin, were 61 and 51 mm of Hg, respectively. Prostaglandin F2 alpha given IM (50 micrograms/kg) also induced a greater intrauterine pressure during proestrus and estrus than during diestrus. We concluded that in the bitch, natural and drug-induced UM are decreased during early and late diestrus.  相似文献   

The reversal of xylazine/ketamine immobilisation of fallow deer with yohimbine     

MC STEWART  AW ENGLISH 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(9):315-317

Fallow deer were immobilised using a combination of xylazine and ketamine. Adult males (n = 10) and adult females (n = 10) received 4 mg/kg of each drug intramuscularly. Juveniles (n = 11) received 2 mg/kg of each drug, intravenously. Times to recumbency were as follows: adult males 4.9 +/- 2.9 min, adult females 4.1 +/- 1.9 min, juveniles 2.3 +/- 1.1 min. After 30 min each deer received 0.2 mg/kg of yohimbine, or an equal volume of sterile diluent intravenously. Yohimbine substantially reduced the recovery times of treated deer. Adults males were releasable 7.2 +/- 4.3 min after yohimbine administration, whereas control males were not releasable until 165 +/- 18 min. Treated adult females were releasable after 6.6 +/- 4.3 min, while control females were not releasable until 84 +/- 29 min. Juveniles were releasable 2.1 +/- 0.8 min after administration of yohimbine but control juveniles were not releasable until 62 +/- 16 min. Xylazine/ketamine administration produced statistically significant changes in packed cell volume, total plasma protein, albumin, sodium, glucose, creatine phosphokinase and inorganic phosphate values after 30 min. Yohimbine administration had no effect on these changes.  相似文献   

Thyroid hormone periodicity in healthy adult geldings     

W M Duckett  J P Manning  P G Weston 《Equine veterinary journal》1989,21(2):123-125

Serum samples were collected from 10 healthy geldings every 4 h for three consecutive days and the triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations determined by radioimmunoassay. There were significant differences in the hormone concentrations related to time. The mean (+/- sd) T3 concentration peaked around 08.00 h at a level (54.06 +/- 14.02 ng/dl) significantly (P less than .001) higher than the lowest concentration (38.71 +/- 10.81 ng/dl) around midnight. Although the highest mean T3 level was 08.00 h, this value was not significantly different from the noon and 16.00 h levels. Likewise, the mean T3 level at midnight was not significantly different from the 20.00 h and 04.00 h levels, resulting in a plateau from 08.00 h to 16.00 h and a trough from 20.00 h to 04.00 h. The mean (+/- sd) T4 concentration peaked around 16.00 h at a level (2.43 +/- .81 micrograms/dl) significantly (P less than .01) higher than the lowest concentration (1.79 +/- .63 micrograms/dl) around 04.00 h.  相似文献