Body wall tears during late pregnancy in mares: 13 cases (1995-2006)     

Ross J  Palmer JE  Wilkins PA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(2):257-261

OBJECTIVE: To review management of pregnant mares with body wall defects and assess the effect of various management strategies on the outcome of mares and their foals. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 13 mares. PROCEDURES: Medical records of eligible mares were reviewed. Signalment, history, admitting complaint, clinical findings, parity, type of body wall defect, concurrent diagnoses, postpartum complications, outcome of fetus, outcome of mare, and type of clinical case management were recorded. RESULTS: 8 mares received conservative management and 5 mares received interventional management. Survival of mares to discharge was good, and no difference in mare survival was identified on the basis of type of management, type of body wall defect, or presence of hydrops. Foal survival was significantly better in the conservative management group, compared with those managed by interventional management, and was also better without hydrops. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Foal survival can be improved in mares with body wall defects that occur during parturition without compromising mare survival by use of conservative management strategies that avoid induction of parturition or elective caesarian section and allow for natural parturition. Potentially, improved fetal readiness for birth may play a role.  相似文献   

Synergisms in Science: Climate Change and Integrated Pest Management Through the Lens of Communication—2019 Student Debates     

Jocelyn R Holt  Lina Bernaola  Kadie E Britt  Chirs McCullough  Morgan Roth  Jennie Wagner  Max Ragozzino  Leslie Aviles  Zhilin Li  Forest Huval  Manoj Pandey  Benjamin W Lee  Megan Asche  Abigail Hayes  Abigail Cohen  Adrian Marshall  Hannah E Quellhorst  Rachel V Wilkins  Valerie Nguyen  Jacqueline Maille  Rachel K Skinner  John J Ternest  Sarah Anderson  Scott W Gula  Kayleigh Hauri  Julius Eason  Megan Mulcahy  Scott Lee  James Michael Villegas  Patricia Shorter 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2020,20(5)

Every year, the Student Debates Subcommittee (SDS) of the Student Affairs Committee (SAC) for the annual Entomological Society of America (ESA) meeting organizes the Student Debates. This year, the SAC selected topics based on their synergistic effect or ability to ignite exponential positive change when addressed as a whole. For the 2019 Student Debates, the SAC SDS identified these topic areas for teams to debate and unbiased introduction speakers to address: 1) how to better communicate science to engage the public, particularly in the area of integrated pest management (IPM), 2) the influential impacts of climate change on agriculturally and medically relevant insect pests, and 3) sustainable agriculture techniques that promote the use of IPM to promote food security. Three unbiased introduction speakers gave a foundation for our audience to understand each debate topic, while each of six debate teams provided a strong case to support their stance or perspective on a topic. Debate teams submitted for a competitive spot for the annual ESA Student Debates and trained for the better part of a year to showcase their talents in presenting logical arguments for a particular topic. Both the debate teams and unbiased introduction speakers provided their insight toward a better understanding of the complexities of each topic and established a foundation to delve further into the topics of science advocacy and communication, climate change, and the many facets of integrated pest management.  相似文献   

Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndromes in veterinary medicine: consensus definitions: The Dorothy Russell Havemeyer Working Group on ALI and ARDS in Veterinary Medicine     

Pamela A. Wilkins  DVM  PhD  DACVIM  DACVECC    Cynthia M. Otto  DVM  PhD  DACVECC    James E. Baumgardner  MD  PhD    Bettina Dunkel  DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC    Daniela Bedenice  DVM  DACVIM  DACVECC    Mary Rose Paradis  DVM  DACVIM    Francesco Staffieri  DVM  PhD    Rebecca S. Syring  DVM  DACVECC    Joanne Slack  DVM  DACVIM    Salvatore Grasso  MD    Gene Pranzo  Esq. 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):333-339

Background: As veterinary medicine has become more sophisticated, with greater numbers of veterinary patients receiving intensive care, more patients with an acute respiratory distress (ARDS)‐like syndrome have been recognized. Methods: A consensus definition meeting was held for the purpose of developing veterinary‐specific definitions for acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS. Results/conclusions: Three clinically based definitions for acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress‐like syndromes occurring in veterinary patients were described. Neonatal equine respiratory distress syndrome (NERDS) was defined separately due to the specific requirement for primary developmental surfactant dysfunction and lack of an inflammatory component. Five diagnostic criteria categories were established for Veterinary ALI/ARDS (Vet ALI/ARDS) with 4 required and a fifth highly recommended criteria. A strong consensus was reached that onset of respiratory distress must have been acute and that known risk factors must be present. Additional criteria included evidence of pulmonary capillary leak with no evidence of increased pulmonary capillary pressure, evidence of inefficient gas exchange and, finally, evidence of inflammation. Some features of ALI/ARDS in the neonatal horse were recognized as unique, therefore, equine neonatal ALI/ARDS (EqNALI/EqNARDS) was similarly defined but with a graded gas exchange inefficiency table to allow for normal developmental changes in gas exchange. Use of these definitions in planning prospective studies of these problems in veterinary patients should allow for more direct comparisons of studies and clinical trials, with a larger goal of improving outcome in veterinary patients.  相似文献   

Effect of Sperm Cryopreservation on the European Eel Sperm Viability and Spermatozoa Morphology     

JF Asturiano  F Marco-Jiménez  DS Peñaranda  DL Garzón  L Pérez  JS Vicente  M Jover 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(2):162-166

The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of cryopreservation of European eel sperm both on the sperm viability and the spermatozoa head morphology. Spermatozoa morphology was evaluated with computer-assisted morphology analysis after collection in fresh samples, after adding the freezing medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide as cryoprotectant and, finally, after the cryopreservation process and thawing. Cell viability was assessed, in both fresh and thawed samples, by Hoechst 33258 staining. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was used to determine the percentage of motile cells and to measure motility parameters in sperm samples. A significant decrease of head perimeter (12.56%) and area (17.90%) was detected from spermatozoa in fresh to thawed samples, indicating that cells do not recover the original size after the cryopreservation process. CASA was used to measure the percentage of motile cells (51.9%) and spermatozoa motility parameters such as curvilinear, straight line and angular path velocities, as well as beating cross frequency. This technique was employed in the fresh sperm samples but proteins present at the freezing medium (L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine) made impossible to use this last technique in thawed samples. When sperm viability was assessed by Hoechst staining, a significant decrease of approximately 15% (73.10 vs 58.26%) of alive spermatozoa was registered from fresh to thawed samples. The percentage of motile cells measured by CASA in fresh samples (51.9%) was lower than the percentage of alive cells determined by Hoechst stainning, suggesting the existence of different batches of spermatozoa in different stages of development, even during the eight to tenth weeks of treatment, when the highest sperm quality was found.  相似文献   

Agreement between point-of-care glucometry, blood gas and laboratory-based measurement of glucose in an equine neonatal intensive care unit     

C. Russell  DVM    J. E. Palmer  VMD  DACVIM    R. C. Boston  PhD    P. A. Wilkins  DVM  PhD  DACVIM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(3):236-242

Objective: To test the agreement between 3 common methods of glucose measurement in a population of critically ill foals presenting to a neonatal intensive care unit. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: University large animal hospital neonatal intensive care unit. Animals: Sequentially admitted critically ill neonatal foals <30 days of age. Interventions: Venous blood obtained from a jugular vein was used for determination of blood glucose concentration using point‐of‐care (POC) glucometry (GLU), a laboratory chemistry technique (CHEM) and a multi‐electrode blood gas analyzer (BG). Paired data were compared using Lin's concordance correlation, Pearson's correlation and robust regression. Bias and limits of agreement were investigated using the technique of Bland and Altman. Measurements and main results: Concordance was significant for all comparisons and was strongest for CHEM‐BG while weakest for GLU‐BG. Pearson's correlation was excellent for all comparisons: CHEM‐BG, 0.98; GLU‐BG, 0.94; GLU‐CHEM, 0.96. All comparisons had significant robust regression coefficients: CHEM‐BG, 0.99; GLU‐BG, 0.80; GLU‐CHEM, 0.79. For Bland–Altman analysis, mean differences (mean±SD, 95% limits of agreement) were: GLU‐BG (?33±18 mg/dL, ?68.6 to 1.5); GLU‐CHEM (?20±16 mg/dL, ?51.0 to 10.9); CHEM‐BG (13±11 mg/dL, ?8.7 to 34.7). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that glucometry has less than ideal agreement with a laboratory standard and another POC test, blood gas analysis. These differences may be clinically important and decisions regarding management of glucose concentrations in critically ill foals should be made with these differences in mind.  相似文献   

Responses of Alstroemeria ‘Regina’ to temperature treatments prior to flower-inducing temperatures     

W.E. Healy  H.F. Wilkins 《Scientia Horticulturae》1982,17(4):383-390

Days to flower (DTF) were inversely related to the number of weeks (0–8) that Alstroemeria ‘Regina’ plants remained at 5°C, a vernalizing temperature, before being moved to 13°C, a vernalizing as well as a forcing temperature. However, when the number of weeks at 5°C was added to the DTF, no difference in the total time to flower was observed between plants treated at 5°C or those grown continuously at 13°C, as they both induced flowering. One-year-old plants maintained at 21°C, a non-inductive temperature, and not divided prior to the 5°C treatments, showed an increase in total shoot production, and delayed DTF, compared to plants which were divided. When divided plants were maintained for 16 weeks at 21°C prior to 5°C treatments, total shoot production was reduced but flowering was accelerated compared to plants maintained for 8 weeks at 21°C after dividing. Total shoot and flowering-shoot production was not affected by increasing the durations of time at 5°C when plants were grown at 21°C and divided prior to this treatment. Thus, the pre-treatment of dividing or maintaining plants at 21°C prior to a 5°C treatment affected subsequent shoot production and DTF.  相似文献   

A MICRO-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PROTEIN IN CEREBRO-SPINAL FLUID     

Robert J. Wilkins 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1974,3(4):3-5

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A new canine disease syndrome   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J H Wilkins  R S Bowden  G T Wilkinson 《The Veterinary record》1967,81(2):57-58

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Evaluation of a bovine virus diarrhea vaccine.     

M L Chapek  L E McClaughry  L M Wilkins 《Modern veterinary practice》1978,59(10):755-757

Singer Strain bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) modified live-virus vaccine, produced in a continuous bovine cell line using equine serum in the growth medium, evoked a high level of serum antibodies and protected against virulent challenge in vaccinated calves. Transmission of vaccinal virus from vaccinated cattle to susceptible controls did not occur when vaccinated and nonvaccinated cattle were kept in constant contact for 23 days. Postvaccinal reactions to the viral vaccine were not observed in vaccinated cattle from 10 feedlots or in cattle vaccinated with multiple doses of the experimental vaccine.  相似文献   

Serratia marcescens septicaemia in the dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R J Wilkins 《The Journal of small animal practice》1973,14(4):205-215

A non-pigmented strain of Serratia marcescens was isolated ante-mortem and at post-mortem from the blood of six dogs under intensive medical care. Clinical, bacteriological and pathological evidence confirmed death to be associated with septicaemia from this Gram-negative organism. Résumé. On a isolé, avant la mort et à l'autopsie, une souche non-pigmentée de bactérie prodigieuse (Serratia marcescens) du sang de six chiens soumis à des soins vétérinaires intensifs. L'évidence clinique, bactériologique et pathologipue a confirmé que la mort était associéc à une septicémie de cet organisme gramnègatif. Zusammenfassung. Ein pigmentfreier Stamm von Serratia marcescens wurde von dem Blut vor und nach dem Tod von sechs Hunden, die unter intensiver medizinischer Pflege standen, isoliert. Der klinische, bakteriologische und pathologische Beweis bestätigte, dass der Tod mit Blut-vergiftung von diesem gramnegativen Organismus verbunden war.  相似文献