Association of owner-reported noise with findings during dynamic respiratory endoscopy in Thoroughbred racehorses     

Witte SH  Witte TH  Harriss F  Kelly G  Pollock P 《Equine veterinary journal》2011,43(1):9-17

Reasons for performing study: To determine the association between owner‐reported noise and findings during dynamic respiratory endoscopy (DRE) in a large case series. Hypothesis: The sensitivity of owner‐reported noise for dynamic upper respiratory tract obstructions in horses is low, and the specificity is high. Methods: One hundred horses underwent DRE for the investigation of abnormal respiratory noise and/or poor performance. The association of abnormal noise with findings during DRE was evaluated. Results: Eighty‐five horses underwent DRE for the investigation of abnormal respiratory noise. Of these, 82% were found to have one or more obstructive upper respiratory tract abnormalities during DRE. Forty‐eight percent of horses reported to gurgle, rattle or make a rough noise were diagnosed with solitary palatal dysfunction. A further 24% with this history showed palatal dysfunction in combination with an additional abnormality. Twenty‐seven percent of horses with a history of whistling or roaring showed some degree of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. Seven percent of horses with a history of whistling or roaring had vocal cord collapse as a solitary condition, whereas 40% had vocal cord collapse and another abnormality. The sensitivity of abnormal respiratory noise for any obstruction of the upper portion of the respiratory tract was high (84%), while the specificity was low (25%). Characteristic owner reported noise patterns showed moderate to low sensitivity for specific conditions. Whistling and roaring showed the highest specificity (≥80%) for laryngeal dysfunction. Conclusion: Diagnosis of upper respiratory tract obstructions based solely on owner‐reported noise and performance history may result in incomplete diagnoses. Clinical relevance: DRE should be performed in horses with abnormal respiratory noise to rule out complex conditions of the upper portion of the respiratory tract.  相似文献   

Development of the resistance of Escherichia coli to streptothricins (nourseothricin, grisin)     

H Tsch?pe  E Tietze  H Heier  R Hummel  R Prager  G Seltmann  H Steinrück  H Trolldenier  W Witte  H Rische 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1986,40(5):658-669

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Neural angiostrongylosis in three captive rufous bettongs (Aepyprymnus rufescens)     

DP HIGGINS  MS CARLISLE-NOWAK  J. MACKIE 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(8):564-566

Neurological disease attributed to migration of the rat lungworm ( Angiostrongylus cantonensis ), is described in three captive rufous bettongs ( Aepyprymnus rufescens ). Clinical signs, including ascending paralysis and multifocal neurological deficits, were similar to those seen in other species. Histologically, the severity of meningoencephalomyelitis ranged from mild to moderate. In one animal cerebrospinal fluid contained a high percentage of eosinophils but peripheral blood cell counts were within normal limits. Treatment with dexamethasone, diazepam and vitamin E was unsuccessful. The prognosis for bettongs with this disease is poor. The susceptibility of this species to this disease has implications for enclosure design.  相似文献   

Characterization of an epizootic of pulmonary edema in swine associated with fumonisin in corn screenings.     

G D Osweiler  P F Ross  T M Wilson  P E Nelson  S T Witte  T L Carson  L G Rice  H A Nelson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1992,4(1):53-59

In 1989, corn screenings were associated with acute interstitial pulmonary edema, hydrothorax, and death in swine. Attack rate was 5-50%, case fatality rate was 50-90%, and clinical course was 1-2 days. Screenings from farms with pigs affected with pulmonary edema contained 20-330 micrograms fumonisin B1 per gram. Screenings containing 92 micrograms fumonisin B1 per gram fed to weanling pigs caused pulmonary edema and death. Sterilized corn inoculated with Fusarium moniliforme and diluted 1:1 with clean corn contained fumonisin B1 (17 micrograms/g) and caused acute pulmonary edema when fed for 5 days. Survivors developed subacute hepatotoxicosis with individual hepatocellular necrosis, hepatomegalocytosis, and increased numbers of mitotic figures. Similar liver lesions occurred in pigs given fumonisin B1 intravenously at 0.8 mg/kg body weight for 14 days.  相似文献   

Cocklebur toxicosis in cattle associated with the consumption of mature Xanthium strumarium     

S T Witte  G D Osweiler  H M Stahr  G Mobley 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1990,2(4):263-267

Cockleburs (Xanthium spp.) are herbaceous annuals with worldwide distribution. Toxicoses are usually associated with the consumption of the seedlings in the cotyledon stage, which contain a high concentration of the toxic principle, carboxyatractyloside. The seeds are also known to contain the toxin, but it has long been assumed that the spiny capsule would deter their consumption. Six of 70 yearling calves died while being fed round bale hay composed predominantly of foxtail and mature cocklebur plants with burs. Clinical signs ranged from acute death to hyperexcitability, blindness, tense musculature, and spastic gaits with heads held high and ears erect. Some symptomatic calves would stumble, fall to lateral recumbency, convulse, and later recover. Overall, the herd was very uneasy. Prominent gross lesions were ascites and a firm, pale liver with a mottled hemorrhagic pattern on cut surface. The rumen contained numerous intact burs and well-ruminated grass. Histological examination of the liver revealed marked centrolobular degeneration and necrosis with associated hemorrhage and congestion. Brain lesions were present. Plant and tissue samples were analyzed for carboxyatractyloside with various results. Samples of rumen contents, urine, and burs contained 100-200 ppm, 0.1-0.05 ppm, and 0.1 ppm, respectively. Based on the history, clinical signs, pathological lesions, and chemical analyses, cocklebur toxicosis associated with consumption of mature Xanthium strumarium in hay was confirmed.  相似文献   

Clinical Comparison of the Hybrid Dynamic Compression Plate and the Castless Plate for Pancarpal Arthrodesis in 219 Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Poppy C. Bristow BVetMed  Rebecca M. Thorne BVetMed  Steven J. Butterworth VetMB  MA  CertVR  DSAO  Scott Rutherford BVMS  CertSAS  Alasdair I.C. Renwick BVMS DSAS  Brandan Wustefeld‐Janssens BSc Agric  BVSc  Philip G.K. Witte BVSc BSc  AVP  Samantha Woods VetMB  MA  BSc  CertSAS  Benjamin J. Keeley BVM&S  CertSAS  Diplomate ECVS  Alex Li BVetMed DSAS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(1):70-77

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In vitro activity of chloramphenicol,florfenicol and enrofloxacin against Chlamydia pecorum isolated from koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)          下载免费PDF全文

LA Black  DP Higgins  M Govendir 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(11):420-423

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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of hypericin for photodynamic therapy of equine sarcoids   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Martens A  de Moor A  Waelkens E  Merlevede W  De Witte P 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2000,159(1):77-84

The therapeutic potential of the photodynamic compound, hypericin, in the treatment of equine sarcoids was evaluated. The in vitro cytotoxicity was assessed using three equine cell lines and the observed phototoxic effect was comparable to that on different highly sensitive human cell lines and significantly influenced by the energy density used although independent of the cell type. The in vivo antitumoural action of photodynamic therapy using hypericin was evaluated on three equine sarcoids in a donkey. Four intratumoural injections were given and the tumours were illuminated daily during 25 days. An 81% reduction in tumour volume was obtained at the end of therapy and 2 months later, a 90% reduction was observed. Further experimental work should be performed, but these results suggest that photodynamic therapy using hypericin has a potential for the non-invasive treatment of equine sarcoids.  相似文献   

Acceptance by stoats (Mustela erminea) of 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate) in small-volume baits and its effect on behaviour and time to death     

MA Potter  DP Barrett  CM King 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):350-356

AIMS: To assess whether stoats (Mustela erminea) would eat small baits containing 0.1% sodium monofluoroacetate (1080); whether they would die from it; how long it would take to kill them; and to document the behaviour of 1080-intoxicated stoats.

METHODS: Stoats were offered 1-g baits of two semi-fluid formulations containing 0.1% 1080, presented in open dishes, and their subsequent behaviour was monitored by video and direct observation. Muscle samples from stoats that died were analysed for 1080 residues.

RESULTS: There was no significant difference between two types of bait with regard to acceptance, mortality, and time to death, and behavioural effects were similar; consequently, results from the two types of bait were combined. Twelve of 14 stoats offered the baits ate them voluntarily, and a 13th licked bait off its fur; all 13 died between 1 h 15 min and 4 h 7 min (mean 2 h 38 min) later. At first (range 29 min — 2 h 7 min, mean 1 h 1 min), their behaviour appeared to be normal. Ataxia and hyperactivity were the first behavioural signs of poisoning, and lasted 2 min — 1 h 40 min (mean 26 min). This was followed by recumbency with convulsions and rapid breathing (range 16 min to 2 h, mean 58 min), then recumbency with limited activity and progressively shallow breathing prior to death (range 1–51 min, mean 33 min). Stoats became non-responsive to a light being turned on, or to touch once recumbency became sustained.

Residues of 1080 were found in muscle tissue of all 13 dead stoats, at concentrations ranging from 0.075 μg/g in a 287-g male that died 4 h 7 min after eating only 0.74 g of bait, to 2.5 μg/g in a 254-g female that died 2 h 42 min after taking a whole 1-g bait.

CONCLUSION: Stoats will voluntarily take small (1-g) baits containing a lethal dose of 1080 at 0.1%, and die from it comparatively rapidly for a mammalian carnivore.  相似文献   

Pneumocephalus in five horses     

B. Dunkel  K. T. T. Corley  A. L. Johnson  T. H. Witte  M. Leitch  C. M. Marr  R. Weller 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(3):367-371

Pneumocephalus is occasionally encountered in horses but poorly described in the literature. The study aimed to describe historical, clinical and diagnostic imaging findings and outcome in horses to increase the awareness and recognition of the condition amongst equine practitioners, allowing appropriate management of these cases. Cases of pneumocephalus from 4 participating institutions were identified and case details extracted from the medical records. Five cases of pneumocephalus were identified. Head trauma with suspected or confirmed fractures of the sinuses was the underlying cause in 4 cases, while the remaining horse was thought to have developed pneumocephalus secondary to sinusitis or trauma. Diagnosis was established radiographically in 4 cases and by computed tomography in a fifth. Gas was noted between the cranial vault and the brain, in the lateral ventricles, in the brain parenchyma and within the cranial cervical canal. The gas accumulation resolved gradually in all horses and did not appear independently to result in neurological compromise. Long‐term outcome was available for 3 cases, 2 of which were ultimately subjected to euthanasia due to neurological deficits. Pneumocephalus is a possible consequence of head trauma or sinusitis in horses; although the finding is frequently incidental, it has the potential to develop into a life‐threatening complication. Imaging the complete skull and cranial cervical spine is important to allow identification and appropriate management of these cases. The use of computed tomography enables easier identification and localisation of the gas accumulation within the central nervous system.  相似文献