Dynamics of the free-living stages of sheep intestinal parasites on pasture in the North Island of New Zealand. 2. Weather variables associated with development     

DP Reynecke  TS Waghorn  A-MB Oliver  CM Miller  A Vlassoff  DM Leathwick 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):287-292

Abstract

AIM: To identify weather variables associated with the development of eggs of Teladorsagia (=Ostertagia) circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus to third-stage infective larvae (L3) under a range of climatic conditions on pasture in the North Island of New Zealand.

METHODS: Sheep faeces containing known numbers of eggs of all three nematode species were deposited on, or buried in, pasture plots at three sites, viz coastal Manawatu, Upper Hutt Valley, and East Cape hill country. Development was measured by recovering L3 from faeces, herbage and soil 28–31 days after deposition, on 13–18 occasions between January 2005 until July 2006. Weather data were recorded at each site, and the association between weather variables and number of L3 recovered was analysed using subsets regression to select best-fitting models from several candidate variables, after adjustment for efficiency of recovery of L3. A multiple linear regression model was then developed for each species, to select weather variables that had both significant and substantive effects on the number of L3 recovered.

RESULTS: For all species, mean daily temperature was the bestpredictor of the number of L3 recovered (p=0.001). For T.circumcincta the final model included mean daily temperature and soil temperature (R²=51%), and for T. colubriformis the model only included mean daily temperature (R²=55%). For development of H. contortus, mean daily temperature was the most significant variable, but moisture in the form of rainfall entropy, i.e. the temporal distribution of rainfall, overthe first 14 days was also significant in the final model (R²=34%).

CONCLUSIONS: Temperature was the most important determinant of developmental success of free-living nematodes on pasture at the study sites, and probably also for other parts ofNew Zealand with similar climates. Moisture was not significant in the development of T. circumcincta or T.colubriformis, implying that under the generally moist temperate climate in New Zealand, moisture is seldom limiting for development of these species. Haemonchus contortusappeared to be sensitive to moisture availability and precipitation in the first 14 days after deposition of faeces. The results of this study will be further developed as part of species-specific climate-driven models of parasite development in New Zealand.  相似文献   

The complex role of veterinary clinical teachers: how is their role perceived and what is expected of them?     

Bolt DM  Witte TH  Lygo-Baker S 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2010,37(4):388-394

The purpose of this study was to identify personal attributes in veterinary clinical teachers that are valued most by members of their work environment (fellow faculty, clinical training scholars [CTS; residents], undergraduate students, and referring veterinary surgeons) and to determine whether the opinions of these subgroups differed. Faculty (n=50), CTS (n=35), students (n=200), and referring veterinary surgeons (n=25) were presented with a list of 15 potentially desirable attributes. Respondents were asked to rank the three most important and the three least important attributes of effective clinical teachers. Respondents were also asked to select in which of the three main activities (clinical service, teaching, or research) in which clinical teachers currently invest the most and the least effort and in which they should invest the most and the least effort. All respondent groups agreed that "competence-knowledge" was among the most desirable attributes. Faculty, undergraduate students, and referring veterinary surgeons additionally included "enthusiasm" in the top three, whereas CTS regarded "respects independence" as more important. All respondent groups consistently chose "scholarly activity" as one of the three least important characteristics. A similar number of faculty members (38%) expressed that the greatest effort should be invested in clinical service or teaching, and the greatest proportions of CTS (44%) and students (56%) felt that most emphasis should be put on teaching alone. The differences in opinion between respondent groups regarding importance of attributes and emphasis of activity indicate that what is perceived as effective performance of clinical teachers differs depending on the role of those who engage with them.  相似文献   

Equine laryngoplasty sutures undergo increased loading during coughing and swallowing     

Witte TH  Cheetham J  Soderholm LV  Mitchell LM  Ducharme NG 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(8):949-956

Objectives: To report (1) the force required on a single laryngoplasty suture to achieve optimal abduction of the left arytenoid cartilage, (2) peak forces experienced by the suture during induced swallowing and coughing, and during 24‐hour resting activity in a stall, and (3) peak forces during induced swallowing and coughing after left recurrent laryngeal nerve blockade. Study Design: Experimental study. Animals: Horses (n=8). Methods: Each laryngoplasty suture was instrumented with an E‐type buckle force transducer to measure the force required for optimal intraoperative left arytenoid cartilage abduction. This was correlated with abduction observed postoperatively. Change in suture force from baseline was measured during induced coughing and swallowing, and during normal stall activity. Results: Optimal intraoperative arytenoid abduction was achieved with a mean (±SD) force of 27.6±7.5 N. During saline‐induced swallowing and coughing mean force on the suture increased by 19.0±5.6 N (n=233 measurements; 7 horses) and 12.1±3.6 N (n=31; 4 horses), respectively. Sutures underwent increased loading a mean of 1152 times in 24 hours. No change in suture force was observed with respiratory rhythm. Conclusion: Swallowing increases laryngoplasty suture force to a greater extent than coughing.  相似文献   

Long‐term control of olfactory neuroblastoma in a dog treated with surgery and radiation therapy          下载免费PDF全文

E Gumpel  AS Moore  DJ Simpson  KL Hoffmann  DP Taylor 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(7):227-231

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Association of asinine herpesvirus-5 with pyogranulomatous pneumonia in a mare     

De Witte FG  Frank N  Wilkes RP  Novak JM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(4):1064-1068

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IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—IDIOPATHIC HYOID MALFORMATION IN AN 8‐YEAR‐OLD WELSH SECTION D HORSE          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathon Dixon  Marianna Biggi  Etienne J. O. O'Brien  Ricky Farr  Thomas H. Witte 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(1):E1-E5

An 8‐year‐old gelding was evaluated for intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) at exercise. Standing laterolateral radiographs demonstrated an abnormal crossed appearance of the stylohyoid bones. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed abnormal positioning of the left stylohyoid bone and articulations with both the left thyrohyoid and ceratohyoid bones. Surgical treatment consisted of combined left ceratohyoidectomy and thyrohyoidectomy. Postoperatively the patient's presenting complaint resolved completely, with the horse returning to full work. Standing laterolateral radiographs should be obtained prior to laryngeal or hyoid surgery to rule out hyoid anomalies, which could result in surgical failure or subsequent hyoid fracture.  相似文献   

Prevalence of udder bacteria in milk samples from four dairy goat herds     

DP RYAN  PL GREENWOOD 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(10):362-363

The prevalence of udder bacterial infections in 4 commercial goat herds in New South Wales was examined. Coagulase negative staphylococci were the predominant bacteria isolated being cultured from 13.3% of the 896 halves tested. Other bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (less than 1% of halves), streptococci (0.6%) and coliforms (2.0%). The low prevalence of udder bacteria contributing to the contamination of the milk was attributed to the milking management practices carried out in these herds, in particular pre-milking and post-milking antisepsis.  相似文献   

Feststellung der Felinen Infektiösen Peritonitis (FIP) bei Hauskatzen und Leoparden in Deutschland     

K. Tuch  K. H. Witte  H. Wüller 《Zoonoses and public health》1974,21(6):426-441

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Staphylococcus aureus infections in domestic fowls. 2. Properties of Staphylococcus aureus in the chicken (review)]     

R Hummel  W Witte 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1979,33(6):837-849

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Aktuelles aus der Presse     

W. Witte 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2007,21(6):195-200

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