三种生物制剂防治人参立枯病的初步研究     

张连学  朱桂香  常维春  钱树文  柳丽 《植物保护学报》1992,19(2):106-106,116

立枯病(Rhizoctonia solani)系人参苗期主要病害,发病率一般在8%-32%,严重者可达40%。  相似文献   

Splash dispersal of Colletotrichum acutatum and Phytophthora cactorum by short-duration simulated rains   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. V. MADDEN  L. L. WILSON  X. YANG  M. A. ELLIS 《Plant pathology》1992,41(4):427-436

  相似文献   

樱桃致死黄化病病原研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱水方  何光烈 《植物病理学报》1992,22(1):25-28

 在电镜下,樱桃致死黄化病株筛管细胞中,观察到典型的类菌原体,大多数为球状,大小为132-321×168-520nm,无细胞壁,仅有双层细胞膜。抗菌素试验表明,四环素对本病具一定的治疗效果;而青霉素无效。初步认为此病为类菌原体引起的病害。  相似文献   

黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白质进入叶绿体与症状发生的关系   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Randl.  J 朱水芳 《植物病理学报》1992,22(3):229-233

 由感染黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、健康和转外壳蛋白(CP)基因的烟叶以原生质体法制备纯化的叶绿体。经SDS-PAGE电泳,银染色,比较其蛋白质图谱。用CMV外壳蛋白游离亚基制备的抗血清进行Western blotting。结果发现:1.CP存在于CMV侵染的烟叶绿体中。2.叶绿体中CP的浓度和花叶症状严重程度呈正相关;3.表达CP的转基因烟草叶绿体中未测出CP存在。根据以上结果,认为CMV侵染的烟花叶症状产生与CP进入叶绿体有直接相关性。  相似文献   

Phenological patterns in an arable land weed community related to disturbance     

F. X. SANS  R. M. MASALLES 《Weed Research》1995,35(5):321-332

The emergence pattern and life cycle of four major species growing in a non–irrigated almond tree grove were analysed in relation to ploughing frequencies and environmental factors. At the community level, the overall emergence pattern was found to be much the same whether or not the soil was disturbed. Nevertheless, soil disturbance in late winter and early spring produced peaks of seedling emergence and brought about an increase in germination. Winter annuals such as Lolium rigidum Gaudin and Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC., which emerged in the autumn, started to grow rapidly in winter and spring and were able to pre–empt the environmental resources of the habitat and suppress spring–germinating plants such as Chenopodium album L. and Amaranthus blitoides S. Watson. Late–winter and early–spring disturbances favoured the dominance of summer annuals such as C. album and A. blitoides S. Watson. The different ploughing regimes applied during the first year had effects on plant development and seed production which brought about changes in plant population size during the second year.  相似文献   

稻瘟菌不同小种间可溶性蛋白及酯酶同工酶的多态性     

朱培良  沈瑛  袁筱萍  赵新华;金敏忠  柴荣耀 《植物保护》1995,21(6):15-16

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶泳对来自太湖稻区的１０个水稻稻瘟病菌株和２个禾本科杂草瘟菌的可溶性蛋白及酯酶同工酶进行了分析比较。结果表明：供试菌株菌体可溶性蛋白可呈现１６～２５条电泳谱带，其中在Ｒｆ值为０．２３，０．３３，０．４４的３条谱带为１２２个菌株所共有，没有发现生理小种特异性谱带。对１２个菌株α－酯酶同工酶的分析表明，在所有菌株同工酶谱带中可分辩出具有不同迁移率的１２条谱带，据此可将菌株分为８个不同的同工酶谱带类型。同时表明，α－酯酶同工酶在太湖稻区稻瘟病菌中存在丰富的多态性，但其谱带类型与病菌生理小种无相关性。  相似文献   

A dynamic model simulating infection of apple leaves by Venturia inaequalis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

X.-M. XU  D. J. BUTT  G. VAN  SANTEN 《Plant pathology》1995,44(5):865-876

A new dynamic model of the infection of apple leaves by Venturia inaequalis is described. The model begins with the release of spores by rain and incorporates the effect of light on the discharge of ascospores from pseudothecia. The model then simulates infection through the sub-processes of germination, appressorium formation and penetration, separately for ascospores and conidia landed concurrently on wet leaves. The rate of the infection process is determined using different equations for ascospores and conidia. Spore mortality when leaves dry is determined by the stage of infection and RH in the dry period. The infection process is driven by surface wetness, temperature and RH. The progress of each infection period is measured as infection efficiency (IE), namely the percentage of landed spores which have penetrated and thereby infected leaves. The final IE quantifies the favourability of weather in each infection period. In orchard tests in each of three years, the new model detected crucial infection periods in spring and early summer which accounted for outbreaks of leaf scab. These periods were not detected by a static model based on Mills'criteria. The models performed similarly in detecting infection periods later in summer.  相似文献   

水稻细菌性条斑病发生及流行因子分析     

童贤明  徐鸿润  朱灿星 《植物保护学报》1995,22(2):97-101

人工接种及病区调查研究结果表明，在种植感病品种情况下，气温决定了水稻细菌性条斑病的发生与否和潜育期的和短衣病斑长度；病害发生的最低温为１２℃，发病最适温度为２５－３０℃以上，而湿度决定此病发病率及严重度。结合主成分分析，该病在田间的流行取决于温度／湿度及降雨量。台风暴雨造成的伤口有利于病害的流行。  相似文献   

小麦离体叶段鉴定白粉病抗性方法的研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

唐伯让  朱文珍  孟繁华 《植物保护学报》1995,22(4):309-314

１９９０年４月至１９９４年４月对小麦离体叶段鉴定白粉病抗性方法进行了研究。结果表明：（１）在灭菌条件下，以在培养皿中垫两层滤纸，用６ＢＡ作保绿主，超过人主至进行鉴定效果较好。（２）保绿剂的浓度低，发病快、退绿早，反之反病慢、退绿晚。其最适浓度是：苗期６ＢＡ为６０－１００ｐｐｍ、苯咪唑为６０ｐｐｍ ；成株期６ＢＡ以８０－１５０ｐｐｍ为佳。（３）份病快、退绿迟的角度出发，鉴定材料以株龄小、叶龄短的初展  相似文献   

生物间遗传学在防治河北省小麦叶锈病研究中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

袁景顺  王焕如  朱之堉 《植物保护学报》1993,20(2):113-116

作者应用生物间遗传学的观点和方法,对河北省的小麦品种与叶锈菌的相互作用进行了分析。供试的叶锈菌是来自河北省的177个标样,供试的28个小麦品种包括河北省的主要生产品种、区试品种(系)抗源和新鉴别寄主。用毒力频率法分析品种与叶锈菌群体的关系,有6个品种即鉴61、保麦2号、翼植88-5163、石86-2848、唐86-4043和百农3217表现较抗病。根据这6个品种对叶锈菌群体的反应、列出33种不同的毒性公式,在此基础上,根据若干品种对叶锈菌群体同时表现抵抗或感染计算抗性组合,为品种合理布局选择最佳组合,在小种鉴定方面,用新鉴别寄主对177个菌株的反应鉴定出频率在3.4%以上的小种8个,其中以V1,9-16和V1,9-12,14-16的频率较高,分别为13.6%和10.7%,也是近两年来北方冬麦区常出现的小种类型。在小种鉴定的基础上,根据28个品种与6个优势小种互作所出现的浸染型来推导品种和叶锈菌的基因型,共推导出7个抗性基因分散在不同的品种中。  相似文献