Acute Toxicity of Ammonia and Nitrite to White Shrimp Penaeus setiferus Postlarvae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guillermina  Alcaraz Xavier  Chiappa-Carrara Verónica Espinoza    Ceclilia  Vanegas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1999,30(1):90-97

Penaeus setiferus postlarvae were exposed to acute levels of ammonia, nitrite, and to a mixture of both by a short-term static method, The 24h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for un-ionized ammonia were 1.49, 1.21 and 1.12 mg/L NH₃-N (un-ionized ammonia as nitrogen), and 11.55, 9.38 and 8.69 mg/L ammonia-N (un-ionized plus ionized ammonia as nitrogen). The 24-h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for nitrite were 268.06, 248.84 and 167.33 mg/L nitrite-N (nitrite as nitrogen). Nitrite was much less toxic than ammonia. The joint effect of ammonia and nitrite on the postlarvae was synergistic at 48-h exposure and antagonistic after 72 h. Postlarvae of P. setiferus may be considered as organisms sensitive to ammonia and nitrite.  相似文献   

饲料中添加单宁酸对鹌鹑蛋品质、生产性能及屠宰性能的影响     

程贺平  柳调过  韩向敏  朱才业  殷猛  陈国顺  李敏敏  李虎斌  杨天睿 《中国畜牧杂志》2022,(2):151-155

试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同浓度的单宁酸对鹌鹑蛋品质、生产性能及屠宰性能的影响.选取300只10日龄平均体重(34±4.45)g的健康蛋用鹌鹑,随机分3组,每组3个重复,每个重复33只,按照单因素设计进行饲养试验.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在玉米-豆粕型日粮基础上添加单宁酸(0.10％、0.20％),预试期7 d,正试期...  相似文献   

Decomposition processes in coastal lagoons and their implications for the assessment of ecological health     

Margarita Menndez  Meritxell Abril  Miriam Colls  Xavier D. Quintana 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(3):450-460

Using fish models to investigate the links between microbiome and social behaviour: The next step for translational microbiome research?     

Marta C. Soares  Jo Cable  Monica G. Lima‐Maximino  Caio Maximino  Raquel Xavier 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(4):640-652

Recent research has revealed surprisingly important connections between animals’ microbiome and social behaviour. Social interactions can affect the composition and function of the microbiome; conversely, the microbiome affects social communication by influencing the hosts’ central nervous system and peripheral chemical communication. These discoveries set the stage for novel research focusing on the evolution and physiology of animal social behaviour in relation to microbial transmission strategies. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of teleost fish models and their potential for advancing research fields, linked to sociality and microbial regulation. We argue that fish models, such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio, Cyprinidae), sticklebacks (?Gasterosteidae), guppies (Poeciliidae) and cleaner–client dyads (e.g., obligate cleaner fish from the Labridae and Gobiidae families and their visiting clientele), will provide valuable insights into the roles of microbiome in shaping social behaviour and vice versa, while also being of direct relevance to the food and ornamental fish trades. The diversity of fish behaviour warrants more interdisciplinary research, including microbiome studies, which should have a strong ecological (field‐derived) approach, together with laboratory‐based cognitive and neurobiological experimentation. The implications of such integrated approaches may be of translational relevance, opening new avenues for future investigation using fish models.  相似文献   

Multilocus sequence analysis supports a low genetic diversity among ‘<Emphasis Type="Italic">Candidatus</Emphasis> Phytoplasma australasia’ related strains infecting vegetable crops and periwinkle in Egypt     

Yasmen El-Sisi  Ayman F. Omar  Samir A. Sidaros  Mohsen M. Elsharkawy  Xavier Foissac 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(3):779-784

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma australasia’ causes important damages to the Egyptian vegetable crop production. A prerequisite for controlling the different diseases it causes to eggplant, tomato and squash, is to trace its propagation pathways. To allow the differentiation of ‘Ca. P. australasia’ strains, a multilocus sequence analysis protocol was developed. Four conserved phytoplama genes namely tuf, secY, dnaK and dppA, were selected among the CDS of a ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’ genome draft. The corresponding genes were PCR amplified from tomato, eggplant and squash collected in 2010 from the governorates Sharkia, Elmynia and Beni sueif, as well as from Catharanthus roseus periwinkles collected in 2013 from Kafrelsheikh governorate. Sequence comparisons showed no diversity among the Egyptian isolates of ‘Ca. P. australasia’ that also constitute a distinct cluster within the 16SrII-D taxonomic subgroup. This low diversity supports a common epidemiology for the different diseases affecting vegetable crops and periwinkle in Egypt and suggests that future investigations on insect vector should focus on polyphagous leafhoppers.  相似文献   

Soybean seed coat chitinase as a defense protein against the stored product pest Callosobruchus maculatus          下载免费PDF全文

Nadia CM Silva  Jamile G Conceição  Kayan Eudorico Ventury  Leonardo FR De Sá  Eduardo AG Oliveira  Izabela S Santos  Valdirene M Gomes  Monique N Costa  Andre TS Ferreira  Jonas Perales  Jose Xavier‐Filho  Kátia VS Fernandes  Antonia EA Oliveira 《Pest management science》2018,74(6):1449-1456

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Availability of minerals in rendered meat and bone meal for Nile tilapia: Preliminary observations          下载免费PDF全文

L. B. de Moura  T. O. Xavier  D. A. V. Campelo  M. Michelato  F. L. Alves de Almeida  L. V. O. Vidal  W. M. Furuya 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(3):991-997

A digestibility trial was conducted with 180 Nile tilapia (32.65 ± 4.52 g) fed a reference diet containing 350 g/kg crude protein and 4,500 kcal/kg gross energy. Five different meat and bone meals (MBMs) were evaluated. The test diets compound by 70% of reference diet and 30% of each MBM were elaborated and classified according to ash content: MBM‐430, MBM‐400, MBM‐370, MBM‐340 and MBM‐310. The apparent availability coefficient (AAC) of minerals and the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter (DM) were subjected to one‐way analysis of variance (p < .05). Differences among ADC and AAC were determined by Tukey's multiple range test (p < .05). When appropriate, a polynomial regression analysis was performed. Linear correlation analyses between MBM chemical composition and the AAC and ADC were performed (p < .01). Higher values of ADC_DM, AAC_Ca and AAC_P were observed in MBM‐310, while low values were observed in MBM‐430. Quadratic effects of ash, P and Ca contents on AAC_Ca, AAC_P and ADC_DM were observed. The AAC_Ca, AAC_P and ADC_DM indicated a negative correlation with ash, P and Ca contents. MBM‐310 exhibited the highest mineral AAC, which could be used as a mineral source for Nile tilapia.  相似文献   

Performance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis> postlarvae reared in indoor nursery tanks under biofloc conditions at different salinities and zero-water exchange     

Héctor M. Esparza-Leal  João A. Amaral Xavier  Wilson WasieleskyJr. 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(5):1435-1447

Shrimp farming at low salinity is a trend that will continue to grow globally. Performance of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae in the nursery at different salinities with a biofloc technology (BFT) system needs to be explored further, as the nursery is currently used as a transitional stage between the hatchery and grow-out ponds. Hence, this study evaluated the effect of seven salinity levels (2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 25, and 35 ‰) on the performance of L. vannamei postlarvae reared with a BFT system and zero-water exchange at 2000 org/m³. Additionally, this study evaluated the water quality of all salinity treatments. After 28 days of culture, the findings showed that, under biofloc conditions, salinity affected the performance of some variables of water quality in some cases, but only the combination of a high nitrite-N concentration (>4 mg/l) and low salinity (2 and 4 ‰) caused up to 100 % shrimp mortality in the first 2 weeks. In the rest of the treatments (8, 12, 16, 25, and 35  ‰), shrimp survival was >72 %. Shrimp mortality was affected by salinity, especially when it decreased from 35–25–16 to 12 and 8 ‰. The organisms reared at low salinities presented lower final weights and specific growth rate than those reared at higher salinities. An inverse relationship was shown between the ion concentration and the final weight of shrimp.  相似文献   

QTL mapping including codominant SNP markers with ploidy level information in a sugarcane progeny     

E. A. Costa  C. O. Anoni  M. C. Mancini  F. R. C. Santos  T. G. Marconi  R. Gazaffi  M. M. Pastina  D. Perecin  M. Mollinari  M. A. Xavier  L. R. Pinto  A. P. Souza  A. A. F. Garcia 《Euphytica》2016,212(1):1-14

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Study of Analytical Techniques to Determine Chlorpyrifos in the Surface Waterways of the Rural Zone of Ouro Branco,Brazil: A Case Study     

Taciana Maria da Silveira  Renata Domingos Alves  Maria Eliana Lopes Ribeiro de Queiroz  Antônio Augusto Neves  Maurício Xavier Coutrim  Robson José de Cássia Franco Afonso  Gilmare Antônia da Silva 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(9):335

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