全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23688篇 |
免费 | 1096篇 |
国内免费 | 69篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 2059篇 |
农学 | 1572篇 |
基础科学 | 243篇 |
4620篇 | |
综合类 | 2788篇 |
农作物 | 1174篇 |
水产渔业 | 1500篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 7858篇 |
园艺 | 914篇 |
植物保护 | 2125篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 88篇 |
2021年 | 91篇 |
2020年 | 122篇 |
2019年 | 193篇 |
2018年 | 1677篇 |
2017年 | 1673篇 |
2016年 | 864篇 |
2015年 | 347篇 |
2014年 | 329篇 |
2013年 | 573篇 |
2012年 | 895篇 |
2011年 | 1753篇 |
2010年 | 1761篇 |
2009年 | 1522篇 |
2008年 | 1420篇 |
2007年 | 1757篇 |
2006年 | 476篇 |
2005年 | 602篇 |
2004年 | 454篇 |
2003年 | 516篇 |
2002年 | 405篇 |
2001年 | 764篇 |
2000年 | 741篇 |
1999年 | 592篇 |
1998年 | 171篇 |
1997年 | 164篇 |
1996年 | 126篇 |
1995年 | 151篇 |
1994年 | 156篇 |
1993年 | 142篇 |
1992年 | 359篇 |
1991年 | 346篇 |
1990年 | 292篇 |
1989年 | 286篇 |
1988年 | 292篇 |
1987年 | 321篇 |
1986年 | 245篇 |
1985年 | 193篇 |
1984年 | 170篇 |
1983年 | 147篇 |
1982年 | 94篇 |
1981年 | 83篇 |
1980年 | 79篇 |
1979年 | 141篇 |
1978年 | 94篇 |
1977年 | 90篇 |
1975年 | 77篇 |
1974年 | 79篇 |
1969年 | 73篇 |
1968年 | 83篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
991.
Bergquist SA Gertsson UE Nordmark LY Olsson ME 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(21):8444-8451
Baby spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) was grown under three types of shade netting (high transmittance, spectrum-altering, and low transmittance) to study the effect on the concentrations of vitamin C (ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid), carotenoids, and chlorophyll and on the visual quality of the leaves. The spinach was sown in April and August and harvested at two growth stages. After harvest, leaves were stored in polypropylene bags at 2 and 10 degrees C. Shading significantly decreased the ascorbic acid concentration of April-sown spinach by 12-33%, but in the August-sown spinach, the response was inconsistent. Concentrations of total carotenoids and total chlorophylls were significantly higher under the nettings in many cases, especially under the spectrum-altering and low-transmittance nettings. Postharvest visual quality and postharvest persistence of the compounds analyzed were not greatly affected by shading. We conclude that these shade nettings are acceptable to use in baby spinach production when it comes to the studied aspects of internal and external quality of the produce. 相似文献
992.
Jeroen Peters Wojciech Sledz Jan H. W. Bergervoet Jan M. van der Wolf 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,117(2):97-107
An enrichment microsphere immunoassay (MIA) was developed, based on the Luminex xMAP® technology, for the simultaneous (duplex) detection of Pectobacterium atrosepticum (former name Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica) (Pca) and Dickeya dianthicola (former name Erwinia chrysanthemi) (Dcd) in potato plant extracts. Target bacteria in the extracts were enriched for 48 h in a semi-selective broth containing polypectate under low oxygen conditions. Samples were subsequently incubated with antibody-coated colour-coded microspheres (beads) and with secondary antibodies conjugated with Alexa Fluor® 532, a reporter dye. Samples were analyzed with the Luminex analyzer, in which one laser identified each microsphere and another laser the reporter dye conjugated to the secondary antibodies. The assay required minimal sample preparation, could be completed in 1 h, was performed in 96 wells microtitreplates and required no wash steps. The limit of detection for the duplex enrichment MIA was 100–1000 cfu ml?1, which was a hundred times lower than of an enrichment-ELISA. Without enrichment, the sensitivity of MIA and ELISA was largely similar and ranged between 106 and 107 cells ml?1. No difference in sensitivity was found between a MIA in a single or duplex format. In a comparative test with non-infected potato plant extracts and extracts from plants infected with Pca or Dcd, results of the enrichment MIA correlated well with those of the enrichment ELISA and enrichment PCR. These results indicate that MIA can be reliably used for multiplex detection of soft rot Enterbacteriaceae in crude potato plant extracts. The technology is an attractive and cost-effective alternative to other detection methods, including ELISA. 相似文献
993.
In terrestrial ecosystems, gross nitrogen mineralisation is positively correlated to microbial biomass but negatively to soil
organic matter C-to-N ratios; the influence of the microbial community structure is less well known. Here, we relate rates
of gross N mineralisation to fungi-to-bacteria ratios in three natural forest types of contrasting N availability and in a
long-term N-loading experiment in a boreal forest. We report, for the first time, a strong negative correlation between gross
N mineralisation and the fungi-to-bacteria ratio ( = 0.91, P = 0.0005, N = 7). There was also a negative correlation between gross N mineralisation and the C-to-N ratio ( = 0.89, P = 0.001, N = 7), but a weaker positive correlation between gross N mineralisation and soil pH ( = 0.64, P = 0.019, N = 7). Our analysis suggests that soil fungi-to-bacteria and C-to-N ratios are interrelated and that they exert strong influences
on soil N cycling in boreal forests. 相似文献
994.
Research on the sedimentation and erosion problem of the Ergene River Basin in Western Turkey and precautions to control it 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of this study was to asses the rainfall-runoff-sedimentation relationship from directly measured data since 1972, to find out the effect of the present land use and soil cultivation techniques on the sediment yield, and to offer practical solutions to the problems in the Ergene River Basins located in the European Part of Turkey. The suspended sediment yield was calculated by multiplying the daily average discharged water by the average sediment concentration, while the eroded coarse sediment yield was computed using a regression equation developed by the Japanese Ministry of Construction. The relationship between the runoff and suspended sediment rates was explained exponentially as S = 1.99 Q A 1.62 (P > 0.01 and R 2 = 0.846) (S is the suspended sediment rate in t d?1, and Q A is the average daily runoff rate in m3 s?1). The suspended sediment rates of the Ergene Basin can then be predicted from the flow rate at any time of the year using this produced regression equation. According to the results, 70% of the basin’s soil (9534 km2 and occupying 81.76% of the total area of the region) is under erosion hazard varying in intensity, namely, 25.3% light, 34.6% moderate, 8.6% strong, and 1.5% very strong. 47.09% of the average 604 mm precipitation falls in the critical period of October–January in terms of the sedimentation. The coarse and suspended sediment yield was 74.040 t km?2 per year, which was well below the average for Turkey. However, it was 2 and 2.5 times larger than the average for Europe and Africa, respectively. Because 76.93% of the eroded land is in the 1rst, 2nd, and 3rd class, the severity of the sedimentation situation is proved. The causes of the high sediment yield were identified, and a series of precautions were suggested to minimize them. 相似文献
995.
Effect of fibers on the flow property of turbulent fiber suspensions in a contraction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In the flow of turbulent fiber suspensions flowing through a contraction with rectangular cross-section, the Reynolds averaged
Navier-Stokes equation with the term of additional stress resulting from fibers was solved with the Reynolds stress model
to get distributions of the mean velocity, mean pressure, turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation. It is found
that the mean velocities at exit are small around the center and large near the wall for higher concentration. Fibers reduce
turbulent intensity and turbulent dissipation at central line, but enhance them over the cross section at exit. Fibers have
no effect of restraint on the turbulence in the contraction flow. The additional stress resulting from fibers plays a role
in the increase of drag. 相似文献
996.
Correlation analysis of mineral element contents and quality traits in milled rice (Oryza stavia L.)
Jiang SL Wu JG Feng Y Yang XE Shi CH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9608-9613
The relationships among potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) contents in milled rice (Oryza stavia L.) of 274 genotypes and the relationships between these mineral element contents and other rice quality traits including 3 cooking quality traits, 17 amino acid contents, and protein content were investigated. The results showed that there were significant correlations among most of mineral element contents. Mg, Fe, and Mn contents were significantly correlated with most of the other mineral element contents, while Cu content had significantly negative associations with the K and Mg contents of rice. The relationships between mineral element contents and cooking quality traits showed that gel consistency (GC) was significantly correlated with K, Cu, and Mn contents of rice. Amylose content (AC) was significantly associated with K, Na, Mg, Cu, and Mn contents. The alkali spreading value (ASV) had closely positive relationships with Ca, Mg, and Mn contents. In addition, 8 mineral element contents had obvious correlations with different amino acid contents. Mg, Ca, and Zn contents were significantly correlated with most of the 17 amino acid contents, but Na content did not correlate with amino acid contents except aspartic acid of rice. Furthermore, significant associations were found between protein content and Na, Mg, Zn, Cu, or Mn content. Six principal components were extracted to explain 84.50% of the total variances and contained the information provided by the original 29 variables according to the principal component analysis. 相似文献
997.
Actinomycetes in the rhizosphere of semidesert soils of Mongolia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The population density of actinomycetes in the desert-steppe soil, rhizosphere, and the above-ground parts of plants varies from tens to hundreds of thousands of colony-forming units (CFU) per gram of substrate. The actinomycetal complexes of the brown desert-steppe soil without plant roots are more diverse in their taxonomic composition than the actinomycetal complexes in the rhizosphere and the aboveground parts of plants. Additionally to representatives of the Streptomyces and Micromonospora genera, actinomycetes from the Nocardia, Saccharopolyspora, Thermomonospora, and Actinomadura genera were identified in the soil. The population density of actinomycetes in the rhizosphere and in the soil reached hundreds of thousand CFU/g; it considerably exceeded the population density of actinomycetes in the aboveground parts of plants. The maximum population density of actinomycetes was determined in the rhizosphere of Asparagus gobicus, Salsola pestifera, and Cleistogenes songorica. 相似文献
998.
In soils developed from the red-earth deposits in the Cis-Ural region (Perm oblast), hematite does not ensure the theoretically possible redness due to the concealing effect of rivaling pigments, i.e., humus in the upper horizons and Fe(II) in the gleyed horizons. The soil color depends on the minimal (spring) values of the hydrogen partial pressure index rHmin rather than on the average value of this index rHav. The hematite content decreases in the gleyed and humus horizons (despite the absence of the morphological features of gley in the latter due to the concealing effect of humus). The gley horizons are heterogeneous with respect to the state of iron. Upon the maximum wetting in the gley horizons of the mucky-humus gley soil, hematite is being reduced to Fe(II), which is proved by the low values of rHmin (<19). In a less humified dark humus gley soil, the values of rHmin exceed 19, which points to the inherited gley features in this soil. In the mucky-humus gley soil, an inverse dependence between the magnetic susceptibility χ and EHmin is observed upon EHmin <320 mV. In this case, the degree of reduction of the highly magnetic iron oxides rises from 0.3 to 1.0 due to a decreasing portion of maghemite γFe2O3 and an increasing portion of magnetite Fe3O4. 相似文献
999.
L. I. Belykh I. A. Ryabchikova V. A. Seryshev E. E. Penzina S. S. Timofeeva 《Eurasian Soil Science》2007,40(2):176-186
New methodological approaches and an algorithm for the quantitative assessment of accumulating a substance by a plant (C p ) with due regard for its concentration in the soil (C n ) are proposed. The first approach is the approximation of concentration curves by the functions C p = f(C n ) and their parameters. The second one is the standardization of the coefficients of biological sorption (K b ) of a substance upon its stable concentration in the soil using the function K b = f(C n ). As compared to the variation-statistical values of the mean and extreme concentrations, or the coefficients K b , the proposed parameters are characterized by a higher accuracy and sensitivity. They may be successfully used for quantitative studies of the mechanism and the intensity of the absorption of substances by plants, for the prediction of the accumulation of substances in the trophic chain, and the assessment of soil self-purification (detoxification) and comparative ratings. 相似文献
1000.
E. D. Nikitin E. B. Skvortsova A. N. Kochergin O. G. Nikitina E. P. Sabodina O. V. Myakokina 《Eurasian Soil Science》2007,40(3):335-340
The current status and prospects for the development of the Red Data Book of Russian Soils are discussed. It is argued that this book should become a part of a more general document encompassing not only soils but also other natural resources. The work on the Red Data Book of Natural Resources should include biological, soil, hydrological, geological, landscape, and noospheric objects, as all of them are tightly interrelated and have to be taken into account in the elaboration of the environmental conservation strategy. The noospheric direction implies the study and conservation of cultural objects in their integrity with the environment. 相似文献