New Drimane Sesquiterpenes and Polyketides from Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. TW58-16 and Their Anti-Inflammatory and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effects     

Xiaoshuang Gou  Danmei Tian  Jihua Wei  Yihan Ma  Yixue Zhang  Mei Chen  Wenjuan Ding  Bin Wu  Jinshan Tang 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

Marine fungi-derived natural products represent an excellent reservoir for the discovery of novel lead compounds with biological activities. Here, we report the identification of two new drimane sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) and six new polyketides (3–8), together with 10 known compounds (9–18), from a marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. TW58-16. The planar structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR, which was supported by HR-ESI-MS data. The absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and their optical rotations compared with those reported. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1–18 revealed that compound 5 significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells, correlating with the inhibition of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, we revealed that compounds 1, 3–6, 14, 16, and 18 showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory effects with inhibition rates of 35.4%, 73.2%, 55.6%, 74.4%, 32.0%, 36.9%, 88.0%, and 91.1%, respectively, which were comparable with or even better than that of the positive control, acarbose. Together, our results illustrate the potential of discovering new marine-based therapeutic agents against inflammation and diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

基于CRUISE与正交试验的纯电动拖拉机参数优化     

方树平  王宁宁  易克传  徐立友  缑瑞宾  柳伟续 《安徽农业大学学报》2019,46(2):368-374

针对纯电动拖拉机续航能力不足,各参数对续航能力的影响研究较少等问题,在CRUISE中搭建了纯电动拖拉机动态仿真平台,创建了拖拉机运输作业工况,选取使用质量m、变速器速比i_g、牵引负荷F_T和载荷分配系数 λ等 4个重要参数,运用正交试验、二次旋转通用组合试验、单因素回归的方法,分析了其对纯电动拖拉机续航能力的影响。结果表明,纯电动拖拉机能够按照运输工况行驶,续航时间随使用质量、牵引负荷增加而减小,随载荷分配系数增大而增大,随变速器速比的增加先增大后减小。当m=900 kg,i_g=1.906,F_T=294 N,λ=0.8时,续航时间能够达到最大值7.716 h。表明拖拉机作业工况制定合理,仿真平台搭建正确,参数优化方法合理,适用于纯电动拖拉机的参数优化工作。  相似文献   

Enhanced resistance to fungal pathogens in transgenic Populus tomentosa Carr. by overexpression of an nsLTP-like antimicrobial protein gene from motherwort (Leonurus japonicus)     

Jia Z  Gou J  Sun Y  Yuan L  Tang Q  Yang X  Pei Y  Luo K 《Tree physiology》2010,30(12):1599-1605

  相似文献   

Effect of Different Combinations of Cryoprotectants on In Vitro Maturation of Immature Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Oocytes Vitrified by Straw and Open‐Pulled Straw Methods     

KGhM Mahmoud  TH Scholkamy  YF Ahmed  GE Seidel Jr  MF Nawito 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):565-571

This study was designed to evaluate effects of different combinations of cryoprotectants on the ability of vitrified immature buffalo oocytes to undergo in vitro maturation. Straw and open‐pulled straw (OPS) methods for vitrification of oocytes at the germinal vesicle stage also were compared. The immature oocytes were harvested from ovaries of slaughtered animals and were divided into three groups: (i) untreated (control); (ii) exposed to cryoprotectant agents (CPAs); or (iii) cryopreserved by straw and OPS vitrification methods. The vitrification solution (VS) consisted of 6 m ethylene glycol (EG) as the standard, control vitrification treatment, and this was compared with 3 m EG + 3 m dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 3 m EG + 3 m glycerol, and 3 m DMSO + 3 m glycerol. Cryoprotectants were added in two steps, with the first step concentration half that of the second (and final) step concentration. After warming, oocyte samples were matured by standard methods and then fixed and stained for nuclear evaluation. Rates of MII oocytes exposed to CPAs without vitrification were lower (54.3 ± 1.9% in EG, 47.5 ± 3.4% in EG + DMSO, 36.8 ± 1.2% in EG + glycerol and 29.9 ± 1.0% in DMSO + glycerol; p < 0.05) than for the control group (79.8 ± 1.3%). For all treatments in each vitrification experiment, results were nearly identical for straws and OPS, so all results presented are the average of these two containers. The percentages of oocytes reaching telophase‐I or metaphase‐II stages were lower in oocytes cryopreserved using all treatments when compared with control. However, among the vitrified oocytes, the highest maturation rate was seen in oocytes vitrified in EG + DMSO (41.5 ± 0.6%). Oocytes cryopreserved in all groups with glycerol had an overall low maturation rate 19.0 ± 0.6% for EG + glycerol and 17.0 ± 1.1% for DMSO + glycerol. We conclude that the function of oocytes was severely affected by both vitrification and exposure to cryoprotectants without vitrification; the best combination of cryoprotectants was EG + DMSO for vitrification of immature buffalo oocytes using either straw or OPS methods.  相似文献   

短梗霉素A对灰葡萄孢菌生长的影响     

赵红霞  苟萍  刘小平  刘圣红  郭星军 《植物保护》2015,41(6):44-48

通过考察短梗霉素A(AbA)对灰葡萄孢菌野生株BcAUR1及其AUR1基因内含子缺失突变株BcAUR1a生长的影响,明确AbA抑制真菌生长的机理。AbA敏感性试验表明,低浓度AbA(8μg/mL)显著抑制野生株BcAUR1菌体的生长,高浓度AbA(50μg/mL)存在下观察不到BcAUR1的生长迹象。突变株BcAUR1a则不受AbA的影响,在低浓度和高浓度AbA存在下均能正常生长。AbA抑制BcAUR1侵染柑橘果实,但BcAUR1a在高浓度AbA存在下也能够有效感染柑橘果实。这两个试验均证实了突变株BcAUR1a具有AbA抗性。电镜观察表明,AbA引起BcAUR1细胞质膜和内膜系统形态异常,质膜和液泡膜断裂,细胞内物质泄露。AbA抑制灰葡萄孢菌生长的机制是由于IPC合成酶受到抑制,导致鞘磷脂类物质合成不足,细胞膜结构破坏,胞内物质外漏。  相似文献   

饲喂全价颗粒饲料对子午岭黑山羊生产性能的影响     

张天能  王继卿  谢文章  苟占发  胡江  刘秀  李少斌  闫伟  罗玉柱 《中国农业科技导报》2016,18(4):52-57

为建立羔羊短期最佳经济育肥饲养模式,以子午岭黑山羊羔羊作为研究对象,采用全价颗粒饲料(试验组)和当地配合饲料(对照组)进行短期育肥试验,观测其生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质。生长结果表明:试验组羔羊的生长性能、胴体重和屠宰性能均高于对照组(P0.05),试验组和对照组的育肥期增重分别是5.15 kg和4.51 kg,胴体重分别是10.54 kg和9.88 kg,屠宰率分别是49.63%和48.31%。肉品质测定结果表明:试验组的部分肉品质优于对照组,试验组的失水率比对照组低5.4%(P0.01),熟肉率比对照组高8.15%(P0.01)。经济效益分析结果表明:试验组每只羔羊的纯收益较对照组高16元。由此说明,用全价颗粒饲料短期育肥子午岭黑山羊羔羊的效果较优。  相似文献   

海南省胡椒主要病害现状初步调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

桑利伟  谭乐和  刘爱勤  邬华松  孙世伟  苟亚峰 《植物保护》2010,36(5):133-137

为明确海南省胡椒主要病害种类及发生情况,对海南省琼海、文昌、万宁、海口、定安、临高、儋州、澄迈、屯昌等9个市(县)进行了调查,结果表明:(1)目前危害海南胡椒生产的主要病害有9种,其中真菌病害5种,为胡椒瘟病、胡椒枯萎病、胡椒根腐病、胡椒炭疽病和胡椒煤烟病;细菌病害1种,为胡椒细菌性叶斑病;病毒病害1种,为胡椒花叶病;其他病害2种,为胡椒根结线虫病和胡椒藻斑病。(2)分布广且危害严重的有胡椒瘟病、胡椒花叶病、胡椒根结线虫病和胡椒枯萎病。  相似文献   

农林间作生态系统的资源利用研究进展   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

董宛麟  张立祯于洋苟芳  毛丽丽 《中国农学通报》2011,27(28):1-8

简要叙述了农林复合生态系统间作研究进展及农林间作系统中各生态因子的特征。归纳了国内外不同农林间作系统中光能、温度、湿度、土壤水分、风速、土壤养分以及农林间作系统的经济生态效益的研究进展。指出了农林间作系统中生态因子方面的研究不足及需要进一步研究的科学问题。提出了农林复合间作系统获得高产高效的关键技术。  相似文献   

不同温度下紫色土与黄壤的水分持续性耗散特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李沙沙  韦杰  徐文秀  苟宇  罗华进 《水土保持通报》2019,39(3):51-56

[目的]研究温度对紫色土和黄壤耕地表土水分耗散的影响,为紫色土区田间土壤水分管理提供依据。[方法]采集紫色土和黄壤耕地表层土壤,分别在20℃,30℃和40℃下恒温观测土壤水分耗散过程,并计算不同时段的蒸发量和蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率、累积蒸发量等指标。[结果]①紫色土和黄壤的水分时段蒸发量、时段蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率及累积蒸发量均表现为:40℃30℃20℃,但仅在土壤水分蒸发量递增阶段存在显著差异(p0.05)。②3种温度条件下,紫色土和黄壤时段蒸发量、时段蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率均呈先增后减趋势,最终趋于稳定。相比而言,紫色土累积蒸发量均小于黄壤,且差值随着时间的推移而增大。③紫色土和黄壤水分累积蒸发量整体呈先快速变化后缓慢变化趋势。[结论]紫色土和黄壤水分耗散过程受温度影响较大,在相同温度下也存在差异,尤其是在高含水率阶段较为明显。  相似文献   

北疆高产棉花群体呼吸速率变化与光合作用关系研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张旺锋  勾玲 《西北农业学报》1999,8(1):30-33

在田间自然条件下,研究北疆高产棉花(2250kg皮棉/hm²)群体呼吸速率的变化及与光合作用的关系.结果表明,2250kg/hm²高产棉花群体呼吸速率在整个生育期的变化呈单峰型曲线,至盛铃期前后达最大值(2.69gCO₂/m²·h).群体呼吸速率的日变化亦呈单峰型曲线,其变化规律主要受气温影响.群体呼吸速率所占总光合的比例因不同生育时期及棉田长势而异;2250kg/hm²高产棉花吐絮期是一生中呼吸比例最高的时期.棉花群体呼吸速率与叶面积指数、干物质重在盛花期和吐絮期至显著正相关,与经济产量也呈正相关,但未达显著水平.  相似文献