Potential of ivermectin as an active ingredient of the attractive toxic sugar baits against the Indian malaria vectors Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles stephensi     

Gaurav Kumar  Shweta Pasi  Chander Prakash Yadav  Jaspreet Kaur  Amit Sharma 《Pest management science》2023,79(1):474-480

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Genetic characterization of guava (Psidium guajava L.) germplasm in the United States using microsatellite markers     

V. Sitther  D. Zhang  D. L. Harris  A. K. Yadav  F. T. Zee  L. W. Meinhardt  S. A. Dhekney 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(4):829-839

Genetic diversity of 35 Psidium guajava L. accessions and three related species (P. guineense Sw., P. sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied. and P. friedrichsthalianum (O. Berg) Nied.) maintained at the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), National Plants Germplasm System, Hilo, HI, was characterized using 20 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Diversity analysis detected a total of 178 alleles ranging from 4 to 16 alleles per locus. The observed mean heterozygosity (0.2) and inbreeding coefficient (0.8) indicated a high level of inbreeding among the accessions tested. Multi-locus DNA fingerprints based on the 20 SSR loci unambiguously differentiated all accessions and revealed the absence of duplicated samples. Ordination and cluster analyses suggested that the genetic relationships between majorities of the accessions could be explained by geographic origin, mainly including tropical America, Southeast Asia and Hawaii. A Bayesian cluster analysis partitioned the accessions into two groups and the partition was largely compatible with the result of ordination analyses. Distance-based cluster analyses further indicated that accessions from same geographical region or breeding programs grouped together in spite of the inter-regional exchange of germplasm. Accessions from Southeast Asia were dominantly white fleshed, whereas accessions from tropical America and Hawaii exhibited diverse flesh colors. The results also indicated that accessions from the same region were likely derived from a small number of common ancestors or progenitors. All 20 SSRs were transferable to P. guineense, P. sartorianum and P. friedrichsthalianum, indicating a close relationship between the cultigens and wild relatives. Application of SSR markers in the USDA/Agricultural Research Service germplasm collection provides new insight into the diversity of the guava germplasm, which will be valuable in future breeding endeavors and the conservation of guava genetic resources.  相似文献   

Analysis of phenotypic variation and selection of superior genotypes of Balanites roxburghii Planch. from South India     

Yadav  Guggalada Govardhana  Murthy  Hosakatte Niranjana 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(5):1993-2009

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Balanites roxburghii Planch. is an important medicinal plant of India and used in the treatment of various diseases and disorders. Seeds possess a high amount...  相似文献   

Effect of home processing on ascorbic acid and β-carotene content of spinach (Spinacia oleracia) and amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) leaves     

Shashi Kala Yadav  Salil Sehgal 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,47(2):125-131

The present investigation was conducted to study the concentration of ascorbic acid and -carotene in spinach and amaranth leaves as affected by various domestic processing and cooking methods which included storage of leaves in polythene bags or without packing for 24 and 48 hours in refrigerator at 5 °C; at 30 °C in polythene bags; drying (sun and oven); blanching (5, 10, 15 min); open pan and pressure cooking. Ascorbic acid content of fresh leaves was 624.1 to 629.0 mg and -carotene content was 35.3 to 53.1 mg/100 g dry weight. The percent loss of ascorbic acid ranged from 1.1 to 6.3 and 55.3 to 65.9 while lower losses (0.0 to 1.3 and 1.5 to 2.1) of -carotene were observed in leaves stored in refrigerator and at 30 °C, respectively. A markedly greater reduction in ascorbic acid and -carotene was observed in dried, blanched and cooked leaves. The study recommended the storage of leaves in refrigerator, drying in oven, blanching for shorter time and cooking in pressure cooker for better retention of these two vitamins.  相似文献   

Evaluating the efficacy of cyanobacterial formulations and biofilmed inoculants for leguminous crops     

Radha Prasanna  Sodimalla Triveni  Ngangom Bidyarani  Santosh Babu  Kuldeep Yadav  Anurup Adak 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):349-366

Our investigation was aimed towards evaluating the agronomic potential of biofilmed preparations (developed using Anabaena/Trichoderma as matrices with different agriculturally useful bacteria/fungi as partners) and selected cyanobacterial strains (Anabaena laxa (T7) RP8/Calothrix sp.). The formulations were prepared using paddy straw compost:vermiculite (1:1) as carrier and tested as inoculants in mungbean and soybean. The effects of the formulations were evaluated in terms of microbiological, nutrient availability, and plant biometric parameters. The Trichoderma viride–Bradyrhizobium biofilm exhibited 20–45% enhancement in fresh/dry weight of plants over other microbial treatments, while the T. viride–Azotobacter biofilm exhibited highest dehydrogenase activity in the soil and nitrogen fixation. T7 RP8 recorded statistically at par yield values with the T. viride–Bradyrhizobium (T5) biofilm treatment in mungbean. In soybean, among all the treatments, the T5 biofilm recorded the highest fresh weight of plants and available N in soil at harvest. The Anabaena–T. viride biofilmed formulations proved to be the most promising for soybean, recording 12–25% enhanced yield and microbial activity (measured as dehydrogenase activity). This study highlights the promise of cyanobacterial inoculants and biofilmed biofertilizers as promising inputs for integrated nutrient management strategies in agriculture.  相似文献   

Germplasm appraisal of western Himalayan tea: a breeding strategy for yield and quality improvement     

S. Singh  R. K. Sud  A. Gulati  R. Joshi  A. K. Yadav  R. K. Sharma 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(4):1501-1513

Western Himalayan tea represents the status of Geographical Indication in the form of “Kangra Tea” which is unique to the tea grown world over due to its delicate flavor and high quality. The tea germplasm resources of western Himalayan region include selections from the commercial tea estates, abandoned tea gardens of Kangra valley and elite tea clones of CSIR-IHBT, Palampur. Data were recorded for different morphological traits contributing to yield and the biochemical parameters were evaluated using standard HPLC procedures. Multivariate clustering of the data differentiated the germplasm resources into distinct groups based on comparisons among the clusters for leaf size and biochemical parameters. Leaf size differentiated the tea accessions into six phenotypic groups, while shoot density which is an important yield parameter was observed to be independent of leaf size. On the basis of total catechin and caffeine contents, tea accessions were differentiated into nine groups of which Group I in comparison with other groups, recorded the highest total catechin content, moderate to high caffeine level and high astringency factor (AF). Epicatechin gallate (ECG) had a significantly high correlation with AF, implying that high levels of ECG are critical along with corresponding levels of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for the production of Theaflavin 3,3′digallate (TFDG) which is an important quality constituent providing astringency and briskness to black tea liquor. Sustainability of tea breeding programme can be achieved through organization of germplasm resources and by utilizing elite tea genotypes in breeding programme.  相似文献   

Development and validation of a sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for blood plasma cortisol in female cattle,buffaloes, and goats     

R. Yadav  K. Mohan  V. Kumar  M. Sarkar  K. Nitu  H.H.D. Meyer  B.S. Prakash 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2013

A highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that used the second antibody coating technique and the cortisol-horseradish peroxidase conjugate as a label for determination of free and total cortisol in blood plasma of dairy animals (cows, buffaloes, and goats) was developed. For biological validation of the EIA, blood samples were collected from the animals at 48 and 24 h before and 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, and 132 h after dexamethasone administration. The EIA was performed directly with 20 μL of fresh plasma (for free cortisol) and also with 20 μL of heat-treated plasma (for total cortisol) after 1:5 dilutions with PBS. Cortisol standards ranging from 0.39 to 200 pg/well/20 μL were used, and the sensitivity of the EIA procedure was found to be 0.39 pg/well/20 μL, which corresponded to 0.02 ng/mL. In comparison with RIA the EIA was at least 4 times more sensitive and required 5 times less cortisol antiserum. In female cattle, buffaloes, and goats, the total, free, and bound plasma cortisol before dexamethasone administration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the total, free, and bound cortisol after dexamethasone administration. It can be concluded from these studies that the direct, sensitive EIA validated for estimating the free and total cortisol concentrations was sufficiently reliable and quick for studying the dynamics of cortisol distribution in blood plasma of dairy animals.  相似文献   

Effect of Physiologically Relevant Heat Shock on Development,Apoptosis and Expression of Some Genes in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos Produced In Vitro     

A Yadav  KP Singh  MK Singh  N Saini  P Palta  RS Manik  SK Singla  RC Upadhyay  MS Chauhan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(5):858-865

For investigating the effects of physiologically relevant heat shock, buffalo oocytes/embryos were cultured at 38.5°C (control) or were exposed to 39.5°C (Group II) or 40.5°C (Group III) for 2 h once every day throughout in vitro maturation (IVM), fertilization (IVF) and culture (IVC). Percentage of oocytes that developed to 8‐cell, 16‐cell or blastocyst stage was lower (p < 0.05) and the number of apoptotic nuclei was higher (p < 0.05) for Group III > Group II > controls. At both 8–16‐cell and blastocyst stages, relative mRNA abundance of stress‐related genes HSP 70.1 and HSP 70.2 and pro‐apoptotic genes CASPASE‐3, BID and BAX was higher (p < 0.05) in Groups III and II than that in controls with the exception of stress‐related gene HSF1. Expression level of anti‐apoptotic genes BCL‐XL and MCL‐1 was also higher (p < 0.05) in Groups III and II than that in controls at both 8–16‐cell and blastocyst stages. Among the genes related to embryonic development, at 8–16‐cell stage, the expression level of GDF9 was higher (p < 0.05) in Group III than that in controls, whereas that of GLUT1, ZAR1 and BMP15 was not significantly different among the three groups. At the blastocyst stage, relative mRNA abundance of GLUT1 and GDF9 was higher (p < 0.05) in Group II than that in controls, whereas that of ZAR‐1 and BMP15 was not affected. The results of this study demonstrate that exposure of buffalo oocytes and embryos to elevated temperatures for duration of time that is physiologically relevant severely compromises their developmental competence, increases apoptosis and affects stress‐, apoptosis‐ and development‐related genes.  相似文献   

Crop performance in permanent raised bed rice–wheat cropping system in Punjab,India     

Yadvinder Singh  E. Humphreys  S.S. Kukal  B. Singh  Amanpreet Kaur  S. Thaman  A. Prashar  S. Yadav  J. Timsina  S.S. Dhillon  N. Kaur  D.J. Smith  P.R. Gajri 《Field Crops Research》2009

Raised beds are widely used in agriculture in developed countries and have proven to be an excellent option for wheat. Permanent raised beds may also offer benefits for rice–wheat (RW) systems in South Asia, in terms of both production and the possibility that furrow-irrigation may be more efficient than flood irrigation. The performance of a RW system on permanent raised beds (37 cm wide, 15 cm high, furrow width 30 cm) was compared with conventional cultivation on the flat on sandy loam and loam soils in replicated experiments in central Punjab, India. The experiments commenced with wheat sown in November 2002, and were continued for 8 crops.  相似文献   

Isolation, culturing and characterization of feeder-independent amniotic fluid stem cells in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)     

Dev K  Gautam SK  Giri SK  Kumar A  Yadav A  Verma V  Kumar P  Singh B 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):743-748

Heterogeneous amniotic fluid contains various cell types. The aim of this study was to characterize and differentiate some of the key stemness attributes of the amniotic fluid-derived cells in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). The amniotic fluid (AF) cells were cultured without feeder cells, in DMEM containing 15% FBS, 1% non-essential amino acids, 1% penicillin/streptomycin/ampicillin, 1% vitamin solution, and 1% l-glutamine in 5% CO(2) in humidified air at 38.5±0.5 °C. After 6 days of culture different types of cells viz., star shaped (62.7%), spherical without nucleus (1.9%), spherical with nucleus (26.4%), pentagonal (0.4%), and free floating/rounded cells (8.3%) were observed. Most of the cells started anchorage-dependent growth after day 7 of the culture. Expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and Oct-4, Nestin and FGF-5 were observed from the AF cells at different passages. Using species-specific primers, a PCR amplicon of 200, 296 and 210 bp were observed for Oct-4, Nestin and FGF-5, respectively. The cells were found to have a normal karyotype at different passages. These results may contribute towards establishing non-embryonic pluripotent stem cells for various therapeutic and reproductive biotechnological applications in the species.  相似文献