Nutritional parameters in the blood of dams during late gestation and immediately after calving,in the umbilical vein at calving,and in the blood of calves immediately following birth in Holstein heifers pregnant with either Holstein or beef breed fetuses     

Chiho Kawashima  Sakura Kume  Norio Yamagishi 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13555

Dairy cattle management lacks consideration of fetal breed, the effect of which on fetal growth and nutrition are unclear. We investigated blood parameters in 12 late-pregnant Holstein heifers with similar (Holstein, n = 5) or different (Japanese Black [n = 4] or F1 cross [n = 3]; Holstein × Japanese Black) fetus breeds and in their umbilical cords and calves. Samples were obtained from dams 1 week before calving (−1 week) and immediately after calving, from the umbilical vein at calving, and from calves immediately after birth. Dams with beef fetuses had higher serum glucose levels (−1 week; p < .05) than those with Holstein fetuses. Plasma total amino acid, total essential amino acid, total nonessential amino acid, and other amino acid concentrations were lower in the umbilical veins of dams with calves of the beef breeds than in those of the Holstein breeds (p < .05). Furthermore, serum glucose and plasma amino acid levels were lower in the beef calves than in the Holstein calves (p < .05). Overall, nutrient supply from dams to beef fetuses was lower than that to Holstein fetuses. Our findings may facilitate feeding management of dairy cattle pregnant with beef breeds for appropriate fetal growth and nutrition.  相似文献   

Determination of 1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaves using hydrophilic interaction chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

Kimura T  Nakagawa K  Saito Y  Yamagishi K  Suzuki M  Yamaki K  Shinmoto H  Miyazawa T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(6):1415-1418

A simple and rapid method for determining 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), a potent glucosidase inihibitor present in mulberry leaves (Morus alba and Morus bombysis), by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) has been developed. DNJ was separated from an extract of mulberry leaves on a TSKgel Amide-80 column, which is a representative column for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. During postcolumn detection, DNJ was detected by ELSD and concurrently identified by mass spectrometry. The detection limit was 100 ng. This method is sufficiently sensitive for determining DNJ in mulberry leaves and other related products.  相似文献   

Nitrate Loss for Denitrification during High Frequency Research in Floodplain Groundwater of the Tama River     

Tsushima  Kouji  Ueda  Shingo  Ogura  Norio 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2002,137(1-4):167-178

This study aims to identify the possible roles of a floodplain inbiogeochemical nitrogen cycles, based on analysis of groundwaterdynamics of inorganic nitrogen species. Groundwater samples collected from boreholes made of poly vinyl chloride located onthe floodplain in the middle reach of the Tama River, Nagata district were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nitrogen compounds, major anions and the stableisotope ratio of nitrate-nitrogen.Dissolved oxygen in groundwater samples collected from marked borehole (G-5) was low (50 ± 16 μM) and nitrate decreasedfrom 63 μM to < 10 μM during our research period. Concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide decreased one after the other. These decreases in concentration, combinedwith ¹⁵N-enrichment of groundwater nitrate suggest denitrification as a significant nitrate sink, yielding an isotopic fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen with an enrichment factor (ε= –17.9‰) that is comparable tothose in various soil and groundwater systems. This study provesthat floodplains can perform as nitrogen sinks for groundwaterin river catchments.  相似文献   

Improvement of the functional properties of sucrose stearate by phosphorylation     

Yamagishi Y  Hattori M  Yoshida T  Takahashi K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(26):8039-8045

Phosphorylated sucrose stearate (SE-P) was prepared by dry-heating sucrose stearate (SE) with metaphosphoric acid. The main product was deduced to be a monophosphosucrose monostearate by chemical analysis and mass spectrometry. SE-P exhibited remarkably higher solubility and emulsifying properties than SE, especially in the acidic region and in the presence of NaCl, and SE-P bound Ca2+ at a 1:1 molar ratio (SE-P/Ca2+). SE-P markedly reduced the viscosity of potato starch paste and inhibited retrogradation, whereas SE did not reduce it so much. It is thus expected that phosphorylation would be an appropriate method for improving the functional properties of SE and that SE-P could be used as a novel emulsifier and modifier with Ca2+-binding ability for starchy foods.  相似文献   

Molecular and biological studies on male sterile cytoplasm in Cruciferae. II. The origin of Ogura male sterile cytoplasm inferred from the segregation pattern of male sterility in the F1 progeny of wild and cultivated radishes (Raphanus sativus L.)     

Hiroshi Yamagishi  Toru Terachi 《Euphytica》1994,80(3):201-206

Summary To determine the origin of Ogura male sterile cytoplasm in radish (Raphanus sativus L.), wild and cultivated radishes were crossed. Three types of progeny resulted from the F₁ hybrids between the wild radish from Kushikino with Ogura-type mtDNA and the cultivars (Uchiki-Gensuke or Comet). The segregation patterns of the male sterility were compared with those of Ogura cytoplasm. The male sterility induced in the F₁ hybrid was maintained by crossing with Uchiki-Gensuke, that maintains Ogura male sterility. In the two types of progeny, in which Comet (a restorer of Ogura cytoplasm) was used as one of the parents, both fertile and sterile plants segregated at the predicted ratio on the assumption that a single dominant fertility restoring gene exists in the restorer. From these results, we concluded that the Ogura cytoplasm is identical to that of the wild radish, and the former originated in a population of Japanese wild radish.  相似文献   

Molecular and biological studies on male-sterile cytoplasm in the Cruciferae. IV. Ogura-type cytoplasm found in the wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Yamagishi  T. Terachi 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(4):323-329

The orf138 gene, which is specific to Ogura male-sterile cytoplasm, was analysed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern hybridization and sequencing. The effect of R. raphanistrum cytoplasm on the expression of male sterility was also examined in progeny with R. sativus. A PCR-aided assay and Southern hybridization revealed that three out of six strains analysed included plants with orf138. The sequence of wild type orf138 was same as that of Ogura, except for one or two nucleotide substitutions. Southern hybridization showed a novel mtDNA configuration in R. raphanistrum, in addition to the normal and Ogura types identical to those in R. sativus. Among interspecific hybrids, all the F₁ had normal pollen fertility. In the F₂ progeny between female wild plants having orf138 and the maintainer of Ogura male sterility, male-sterile plants were segregated, fitting the ratio of 3 fertile: 1 sterile plant. R. raphanistrum has cytoplasm that induces male sterility in radishes, and contains a dominant fertility restorer gene.  相似文献   

Heterogeneous plastid genomes in anther culture-derived albino rice plants     

Masumi Yamagishi 《Euphytica》2002,123(1):67-74

Large-scale deletions in the plastid genome of albino plants derived fromanther culture of japonica rice have in previous studies been detected bySouthern blot analysis. In the present study, PCR was applied to detectlarge-scale deletions in the plastid genome of albino and green plantsgenerated from the anther culture of japonica-indica hybrid-derived DHlines. The rice plastid genome (134.5 kbp) was separated into sevenregions and each one (approximately 20 kbp) was amplified by long PCR. The plastid sequences of all 22 albino and 19 green plants were amplifiedat all the seven regions, indicating that large-scale deletions in the plastidgenome were not detected by long PCR. The concentrations of two plastidgenome regions were measured by competitive PCR. Four of 29 albinoplants analyzed showed different concentrations between the two regions,indicating that both deleted and complete plastid molecules were presentin each of the four albino plants. Such plastid genome heterogeneity wasnot detected in 17 green plants.  相似文献   

Kinship and inbreeding estimates based on microsatellite markers in breeding of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)     

Noriyuki Onoue  Masahiko Yamada  Toshiya Yamamoto  Shingo Terakami  Chikako Nishitani  Miyuki Kunihisa  Norio Takada  Sogo Nishio  Yutaka Sawamura  Toshihiro Saito 《Euphytica》2015,205(2):539-555

  相似文献   

Maturation and spawning of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spratelloides gracilis</Emphasis> Clupeidae in temperate waters off Cape Shionomisaki,central Japan     

Norio Shirafuji  Yoshiro Watanabe  Yasuyuki Takeda  Tomohiko Kawamura 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):623-632

ABSTRACT:   The reproductive ecology of Spratelloides gracilis was investigated in the temperate waters off Cape Shionomisaki, central Japan. Cape Shionomisaki is located at the northern margin of the distribution range of this species. Females of S. gracilis with gonadosomatic index (GSI) ≥ 4.0 were defined as mature based on the relationship between GSI and the histological maturity phases of their ovaries. More than 50% of females greater than 60 mm standard length (SL) were mature. Hatch dates of larvae and juveniles collected in the study area were determined by otolith daily ring counts and found to extend from April to November. The size at maturity of females (60 mm SL) and the spawning season of S. gracilis in the temperate waters off Cape Shionomisaki (April–November) was larger and shorter, respectively, than those in tropical waters in the western Pacific. The reproductive traits observed for S. gracilis off Cape Shionomisaki appear to be adaptive to northern temperate waters with seasonal changes in environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Telosomic mapping of the homoeologous genes for the long glume phenotype in tetraploid wheat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

N. Watanabe  T. Sekiya  K. Sugiyama  Y. Yamagishi  I. Imamura 《Euphytica》2002,128(1):129-134

Triticum turgidum ssp. polonicum and T. ispahanicum were characterized by the long glume phenotype. P ₁ gene determines the long glume phenotype of T. polonicum, and locates on chromosome 7A. T. ispahanicum has shorter glume than T. polonicum and the long glumephenotype is determined by P ₂ gene located on chromosome 7B. In the present study, aneuploid stocks of `Langdon' durum wheat were used to map the genes, P ₁ and P ₂. P ₁ located on the long arms of chromosome 7A and its map distances from the centromere was 14.5 cM. On chromosome 7B, four loci located as cc (chocolate black chaff) – Pc (purple culm) – centromere – P ₂ – cn-BI (chlorina). P ₂ located on the long arms of chromosome 7B and its map distances from the centromere was 11.7 cM. It was suggested that a paralogous gene set conditions long glume phenotype in the homoeologous group 7 chromosomes. The P ₁ and P ₂ genes may be useful as genetic markers in tetraploid wheat.  相似文献