Prediction of cellular radiosensitivity from DNA damage induced by gamma-rays and carbon ion irradiation in canine tumor cells     

Wada S  Van Khoa T  Kobayashi Y  Funayama T  Ogihara K  Ueno S  Ito N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(11):1089-1095

Diseases of companion animals are shifting from infectious diseases to neoplasms (cancer), and since radiation therapy is one of the effective choices available for cancer treatment, the application of radiotherapy in veterinary medicine is likely to increase. However tumor tissues have different radiosensitivities, and therefore it is important to determine the intrinsic radiosensitivity of tumors in individual patients in advance of radiotherapy. We have studied the relationship between the surviving cell fraction measured by a clonogenic assay and DNA double strand breaks detected by a comet assay under neutral conditions in three canine tumor cell lines, after gamma-ray and carbon ion irradiation. In all the cell lines, cell death assessed by the clonogenic assay was much higher following irradiation with carbon ions than with gamma-rays. The initial and residual (4 hr) DNA damage due to gamma-ray and carbon ion irradiation were higher in a radiosensitive cell line than in a radioresistant cell line. The surviving cell fraction at 2 Gy (SF2) showed a tendency for correlation with both the initial and residual DNA damage. In particular, the residual damage per Gy was significantly correlated with SF2, regardless of the type of radiation. This indicates that cellular radiosensitivity can be predicted by detection of radiation-induced residual DNA damage.  相似文献   

The TIR–NBS but not LRR domains of two novel N-like proteins are functionally competent to induce the elicitor p50-dependent hypersensitive response     

Jun-Shan Gao  Nobumitsu Sasaki  Hiromi Kanegae  Ken-ichi Konagaya  Kaori Takizawa  Naomi Hayashi  Yosuke Okano  Masahiro Kasahara  Yasuhiko Matsushita  Hiroshi Nyunoya   《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2007,71(1-3):78-87

The tobacco N protein recognizes the helicase domain (p50) of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) replicase as an elicitor and mediates hypersensitive response (HR). We obtained two cDNA clones encoding novel N-like (NL) proteins NL-C26 and NL-B69 from Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN. NL-C26 and NL-B69 had a Toll-interleukin-1 receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat (TIR–NBS–LRR) structure and showed 78% and 73% identities to N, respectively. The NL-C26 and NL-B69 genes were also expressed in N. tabacum cv. Samsun nn, which lacks the N gene. Unlike N, NL-C26 and NL-B69, when coexpressed with p50, failed to induce HR on the sites of agroinfiltration in Samsun nn leaves. However, the elicitor-dependent HR in Samsun nn was induced efficiently by chimeric N proteins with the continuous TIR–NBS domains of NL-C26 and NL-B69. On the other hand, the efficiency of HR induction varied significantly among chimeric N proteins with either of the TIR and NBS domains of the NL proteins. In contrast, chimeras carrying the LRR domains of the NL proteins did not induce HR. Thus, the TIR–NBS domains of NL-C26 and NL-B69 could functionally adapt to the LRR domain of N, which may determine the specificity for the elicitor. We speculate that the NL genes are potential HR-inducing resistance genes for undetermined pathogens other than TMV.  相似文献   

Correlated response of peripheral blood cytokines with selection for reduced mycoplasma pneumonia of swine lesions in Landrace pigs          下载免费PDF全文

Takumi Sato  Toshihiro Okamura  Chihiro Kojima‐Shibata  Hiroshi Kadowaki  Eisaku Suzuki  Hirohide Uenishi  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(4):477-483

Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine (MPS) is responsible for significant economic losses in the swine industry. We selected Landrace pigs for reduced MPS pulmonary lesions over five generations, and measured concentrations of the following cytokines: interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐13, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interferon (IFN)‐γ to estimate their correlation with MPS lesions. Sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were injected twice intramuscularly at 70 and 95 kg body weight. Blood serum samples were collected after 1 week of secondary SRBC inoculation and cytokine concentrations were analyzed by ELISA. Genetic parameters and breeding values were estimated. The heritability estimates of IL‐10, IL‐13, IL‐17, TNF‐α and IFN‐γ were 0.20 ± 0.06, 0.12 ± 0.06, 0.27 ± 0.07, 0.20 ± 0.10 and 0.05 ± 0.03, respectively. Genetic correlations of IL‐17 and TNF‐α with pulmonary MPS lesions were high (‐0.86 ± 0.13 and 0.69 ± 0.29, respectively) and those of IFN‐γ and IL‐13 with MPS lesions were moderately negative (‐0.45). Through selection, the breeding values of IL‐17 and IFN‐γ increased substantially and those of TNF‐α decreased. These results suggest that innate and cellular immunity are more important for the suppression of pulmonary lesions in MPS than humoral‐mediated immunity, such as antibody response.  相似文献   

Expression of Bcl-2 in feline lymphoma cell lines   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kano R  Sato E  Okamura T  Watanabe S  Hasegawa A 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2008,37(1):57-60

BACKGROUND: The Bcl-2 gene is a member of the rapidly expanding Bcl-2 family of genes that regulate apoptosis. Bcl-2 has been shown to repress cell death triggered by a diverse array of stimuli, including chemotherapy and gamma irradiation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine feline Bcl-2 expression level in feline lymphoma cells using an immunoblot assay with anti-human and anti-canine Bcl-2 monoclonal antibodies. METHODS: About 708 base pairs containing the coding sequence of the feline Bcl-2 gene were transformed into Escherichia coli. The recombinant Bcl-2 was used as a positive control for an immunoblot assay using mouse monoclonal antibodies against human and canine Bcl-2. An immunoblot assay using the monoclonal antibodies was carried out to determine the level of feline Bcl-2 expression in lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia cell lines. RESULTS: The recombinant feline Bcl-2 protein produced in E. coli had a molecular weight of about 26 kDa and was detected by immunoblot assay by using anti-human Bcl-2 mouse monoclonal antibody. Feline Bcl-2 expression was high in lymphoma cell lines (FL-74-UDC-1 and FT-1) and low in the cell line from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a healthy cat (FeTJ-1) but not low in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a healthy cat. The anti-human Bcl-2 mouse monoclonal antibody was found to cross-react with feline Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the expression of Bcl-2 in T-cell lymphoma cell lines and indicate that it is suitable to detect feline Bcl-2 using an immunoblot assay. Pending further evaluation, Bcl-2 expression might be useful in the differential diagnosis of feline tumors.  相似文献   

Presence of neuropeptide Y in somatotrophs of cattle     

Ogasawara H  Aso H  Nagai Y  Matsumoto K  Okamura H  Tanaka S  Watanabe K  Ohwada S  Yamaguchi T 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2008,35(3):274-280

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a 36-amino acid member of the pancreatic polypeptide family, was found to be present by immunohistochemistry in the bovine adenohypophysis. NPY mRNA expression was confirmed in the adenohypophysis by RT-PCR. NPY immunoreactivity was present in about 38% of adenohypophyseal cells in the pars distalis. However, NPY immunoreactive cells (NPY-ir cells) were scarce in the zona tuberalis. Immunohistochemistry of NPY and specific hormones using mirror sections revealed that NPY was colocalized in GH immunoreactive cells. Over 90% of somatotrophs corresponded to NPY-ir cells. These results indicate that endogenous NPY is present in the bovine somatotroph and may act as an endocrine intercellular mediator in the adenohypophysis.  相似文献   

Vacuolar degeneration of skeletal muscle in transgenic mice overexpressing ORP150     

Kobayashi T  Takita Y  Suzuki A  Katsu Y  Iguchi T  Ohta Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(1):115-118

ORP150 is a hypoxic stress-induced protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transgenic mice overexpressing ORP150 (ORP-Tg) exhibit vacuolar degeneration in the heart. To determine whether vacuolization is present in skeletal muscle, we pathologically examined ORP-Tg mice. After 60 days of age, severe vacuolization was found in the soleus muscles of the hind legs of the ORP-Tg mice. Immunohistochemical staining of ORP150 revealed co-localization of ORP150 and vacuolization in the affected cells. Electron microscopy revealed a marked increase in the number of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticula (rER) and distention of the cisterna. These findings suggest that overexpression of ORP150 causes accumulation of ORP150 in the rER, resulting in vacuolar degeneration in the skeletal muscle of ORP-Tg mice.  相似文献   

Intracerebroventricularly administered oxytocin attenuated cortisol secretion, but not behavioral responses, during isolation in Holstein steers     

Yayou K  Ito S  Kasuya E  Sutoh M  Ohkura S  Okamura H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(7):665-671

In rodents, intracerebroventricular oxytocin administration attenuated hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses and anxiety behavior during stress. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of oxytocin on isolation-induced stress responses in cattle. In a methodological test, we determined the dosage of oxytocin applied in a main test which did not induce an increase in plasma cortisol concentration or stereotyped behaviors. In a main test, 5 steers aged from 199 to 250 days were assigned to the following three treatments randomly: T1, no isolation after injection of 200 microl of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF); T2, isolation after aCSF injection; and T3, isolation after 0.5 microg of oxytocin in 200 microl aCSF injection. The isolation was conducted by leaving the experimental steer alone in its stall for one hour while its peers were taken outside. In T2, the isolation induced a rapid increase in plasma cortisol concentration. The maximum %-changes from the pre-isolation value were significantly attenuated by oxytocin injection (T2 vs. T3, p<0.05). The isolation also induced an increase in the frequency (number of occurrences/1 hr isolation) of vocalizations and body orientation changes, and a decrease in the percentage of time spent lying and ruminating. The effect of oxytocin on these behavioral responses to isolation was not apparent. These results indicate that intracerebroventricularly injected oxytocin at low dose attenuated the cortisol response to isolation in steers while the effect on behavior was very small in this experimental condition.  相似文献   

Anti-influenza A virus activities of mannan-binding lectins and bovine conglutinin     

Kawai T  Kase T  Suzuki Y  Eda S  Sakamoto T  Ohtani K  Wakamiya N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):221-224

Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) and bovine conglutinin (BKg) belong to the collectin family, which is involved in first-line host defense against various infectious agents. We have previously reported that human MBL inhibited type A influenza viral hemagglutination, infection and spreading to adjacent cells without complement activation. In this study, we investigated the direct antiviral activities of bovine MBL, rabbit MBL and BKg. All collectins used in this study inhibited viral infectivity and hemagglutination at concentrations of 0.02-0.3 microg/ml. They also demonstrated inhibitory activity against viral spreading. Like human MBL, bovine MBL and BKg showed antiviral activities at their physiological concentrations. These results suggest that mammalian MBLs and BKg may inhibit the spread of influenza A virus through the bloodstream.  相似文献   

Tuberculosis seroprevalence and comparison of hematology and biochemistry parameters between seropositive and seronegative captive Asian elephants of Nepal     

Jeewan THAPA  Susan K. MIKOTA  Kamal Prasad GAIRHE  Sarad PAUDEL  Dinesh Kumar SINGH  Ishwari Prasad DHAKAL  Chie NAKAJIMA  Yasuhiko SUZUKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1278

We conducted a tuberculosis (TB) serosurveillance program of captive elephants in Nepal and compared hematology and biochemistry parameters between seropositive and seronegative elephants. A total of 153 elephants (male=20, female=133) from four national parks were tested for TB using the ElephantTB STAT-PAK^® Assay (ChemBio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Medford, NY, USA). The mean reported age for 138 elephants was 38.5 years (range 2–71 years). Seroprevalence for TB was 21.56% (33/153). The majority of seropositive elephants were female (n=30) and from Chitwan National Park (n=29). The occurrence of TB seropositive cases in other more remote national parks suggests TB may be widespread among the captive elephant population of Nepal. Hematology and biochemistry analyses were performed on 13 and 22 seropositive elephants, respectively and, nine elephants from a seronegative TB herd for comparison. Hematology parameters (hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelet, white blood cells, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were comparable between the two groups. Total protein, globulin, and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly higher in seronegative elephants, and bilirubin was significantly higher in seropositive elephants whereas blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/aspartate aminotransferase (GOT/AST), glutamic pyruvic transaminase/alanine aminotransferase (GPT/ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase (GT), and albumin were not significantly different. The range of biochemical parameters that were significantly different between seropositive and seronegative elephants had narrow ranges. Thus, the potential of these parameters as a direct biomarker for TB diagnosis is limited based on the findings in this study. We recommend including blood parameters in future TB surveillance studies.  相似文献   

A preliminary experiment regarding the natural induction of gonadal development in female Japanese eels without hormone treatment     

Naomi Mikawa  Yoshiaki Yamada  Noriyuki Horie  Akihiro Okamura  Tomoko Utoh  Satoru Tanaka  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3749-3754

To test whether gonadal development of female eels could be promoted without any exogenous hormone treatments, we observed the effect of water temperature manipulation. After 3–5 months of water temperature treatments, three silver eels showed higher gonadosomatic indices (GSI). In particular, one eel in the 5–15°C fluctuating temperature treatment group (5°C daytime and 15°C night‐time) had the highest GSI of 8.5 with secondary yolk globule stage oocytes of large diameter (OD; 412 μm) after 3 months, which indicated definite gonadal development compared with those in the initial states (mean GSI, 2.4; OD, 226.7 μm). The 5–15°C fluctuating temperature and constant 5°C groups had low oocyte breakdown (atretic) rates. Because daily temperature fluctuations and cold daytime water are experienced by vertically migrating silver eels in the ocean, these temperature conditions may be key maturation process components that could be useful for hormone‐free artificial maturation.  相似文献