A study on natural dye having the effects on the atopic dermatitis — Juniperus chinensis heartwood extract —     

Ki Yeon Nam  Young Eun Go  Sun Young Lee  Jung Soon Lee 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):2045-2053

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Juniperus Chinensis heartwood has been known to have an excellent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect. This study examined the potential of the methanol extract of the Juniperus Chinensis heartwood as a natural dye with an efficacy for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In an attempt to examine the effect of the Juniperus Chinensis heartwood extract, a skin lesion such as that of AD was induced in the NC/Nga AD mice model by topical administration. DNCB (2.4-dinitrochlorobenzene) was used to induce such AD-like skin lesions. The efficacy of the Juniperus Chinensis heartwood extract in the NC/Nga mice model was assessed by severity of skin lesion (NC mouse score), change in organ weight, serum IgE level, change in epidermal thickness, and mast cell count. The Juniperus Chinensis heartwood extract improved such skin lesions in these NC/Nga mice, and decreased spleen weight and serum IgE level. The results of histopathologic examination revealed that the treatment with the Juniperus Chinensis heartwood extract decreased epidermal thickness and mast cell count. In conclusion, the suppressive effect of local administration of the Juniperus Chinensis heartwood extract verified its potential for application as a natural dye with an efficacy of treatment for atopic dermatitis.  相似文献   

Functionalizing cellulose scaffold prepared by ionic liquid with bovine serum albumin for biomedical application     

Eun Joo Shin  Deepti Singh  Soon Mo Choi  Sun Mi Zo  Yang Hun Lee  Sung Soo Han 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(12):1965-1969

The present study reports the preparation of a cellulose scaffold for tissue engineering directly from cellulose fiber using ionic liquid (IL) by the NaCl leaching method with bovine serum albumin (BSA), which is well known protein utilized for biomedical applications like degradation of polymer, cell attachment and proliferation on scaffold. The 1-n-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) IL was used as a solvent for cellulose. The morphology of the scaffold was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the images showed that the pore sizes of the scaffolds were about 200 µm. In addition, the water uptake (WU) and degree of degradation of the cellulose scaffold were measured. Meanwhile, the biocompatibility and bioactivity of the scaffold were determined via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the Live/Dead viability test. The various results demonstrated the ability of the Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to attach to the surface of the scaffolds amplified as percentage of BSA increased in cellulose scaffold.  相似文献   

Dependence of montmorillonite dispersion in nanocomposites on polymer matrix and compatibilizer content, and the impact on mechanical properties     

Yong-Chan Chung  Tae Keun Cho  Byoung Chul Chun 《Fibers and Polymers》2008,9(1):7-14

A series of polyurethane (PU)/monmorillonite (MMT) or nylon 66/MMT nanocomposite were prepared by melt-compounding method to take a close look at the MMT dispersion in the nanocomposite depending on the polymer matrix and the compatibilizer content. Cloisite 30B, the brand name, was selected as MMT, because surface was covered with methyl tallow bis-2-hydroxyethyl ammonium group and the reduced surface hydrophilicityity rendered MMT dispersed better in polymer matrix compared to bare MMT. MMT dispersion, due to the difference in hydrophilicity and the fondness of similar hydrophilicity, was better in nylon than PU. Maximum stress and tensile modulus could be increased by the control of MMT content for both nylon and PU, and the compatibilizer, when added at the same MMT content, also could increase the tensile properties of both nylon and PU. It was found from this investigation that the good dispersion of MMT in polymer matrix can improve the mechanical properties of nanocomposite.  相似文献   

Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus throughout a coordinated sequence of events during warm weather          下载免费PDF全文

Scott Dee  John Deen  Kurt Rossow  Carrie Weise  Roger Eliason  Satoshi Otake  Han Soo Joo    Carlos Pijoan 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2003,67(1):12-19

Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) throughout a coordinated sequence of events that replicated common farm worker behavior during warm weather (10°C to 16°C) was assessed using a field-based model. The model involved fomites (boots and containers), vehicle sanitation, transport, and personnel movement. In a previous study, the model successfully demonstrated mechanical transmission of PRRSV in 8 out of 10 replicates during cold weather. A field strain of PRRSV was inoculated into carriers consisting of soil samples, which were adhered to the undercarriage of a vehicle. The vehicle was driven approximately 50 km to a commercial truck washing facility where the driver's boots contacted the carriers during washing, introducing the virus to the vehicle interior. The vehicle was then driven 50 km to a simulated farm site, and the driver's boots mechanically spread virus into the farm anteroom. Types of containers frequently employed in swine farms contacted drippings from the footwear on the anteroom floor. The truck wash floor, vehicle cab floor mats, boot soles, anteroom floor, and the ventral surface of containers were sampled to track the virus throughout the model. Ten replicates were conducted, along with sham-inoculated controls, and control replicates. In 2 replicates, infectious PRRSV was detected on the anteroom floor and in 1 replicate, infectious PRRSV was detected on the surface of the container by swine bioassay. All sham-inoculated controls and protocol controls were negative. These results indicate that mechanical transmission of PRRSV throughout a coordinated sequence of events in warm weather can occur, but in contrast to data from studies conducted during cold weather, it appears to be a relatively infrequent event.  相似文献   

Effects of Feeding Rate and Feeding Frequency on Survival, Growth, and Body Composition of Ayu Post-Larvae Plecoglossus altivelis     

Sung Hwoan  Cho  Young Soo  Lim  Jong Ha  Lee  Jong Kwan  Lee Sangun  Park Sang Min  Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2003,34(1):85-91

The effects of feeding rate and feeding frequency on survival, growth and body composition of ayu post‐larvae (0.15 g in body weight and 3.5 cm in total length) were investigated in this study. A factorial experimental design of two feeding rates (3 and 6% of body weight of fish per meal) five feeding frequencies (one meal in 2 d, one meal a day, two meals a day, four meals a day, and six meals a day) with three replicates was used. Survival of ayu post‐larvae was significantly (P 0.05) affected by feeding frequency but not by feeding rate. Survival of ayu improved linearly with feeding frequency at both feeding rates. Weight and length gains and specific growth rate (SGR) of ayu was significantly (P 0.05) affected by feeding frequency but not by feeding rate, with weight and length gains and SGR linearly elevated with increasing feeding frequency at both feeding rates. The greatest weight and length gains were observed in fish receiving six meals daily at both feeding rates; however, no significant difference in weight gain was observed among two, four, and six meals a day, or in length gain between four and six meals a day. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) was significantly (P 0.05) affected by both feeding rate and feeding frequency. FER linearly decreased with feeding frequency at both feeding rates or feeding rate in the same feeding frequency. When the total daily amount of feed supply was constant with various feeding frequencies at different feeding rates (one meal a day at 3% feeding rate and one meal in 2 d at 6% feeding rate, two meals a day at 3% feeding rate and one meal a day at 6% feeding rate, or four meals a day at 3% feeding rate and two meals a day at 6% feeding rate), improvement in survival, weight and length gains, and SGR was observed in fish with higher feeding frequency at lower feeding rate. Moisture, protein, and lipid content of fish were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by either feeding rate or feeding frequency. However, lipid content of ayu linearly increased with feeding frequency at 6% feeding rate. The highest body lipid content was observed in fish receiving six meals daily at both feeding rates. Ash content of fish was significantly (P 0.05) affected by feeding frequency but not by feeding rate. Based on performance of ayu, it can be concluded that optimum feeding rate and feeding frequency for ayu post‐larvae (an initial weight of 0.15 g) were 3% per meal and four meals a day, respectively, under these experimental conditions.  相似文献   

Capsaicin-induced relaxation in rabbit coronary artery.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D Yeon  S Kwon  Y Lee  J Leem  T Nam  D Ahn 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(5):499-503

In the present study mechanism of inhibitory effects of capsaicin on the contractility of rabbit coronary artery were studied by measurement of isometric tension and intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Capsaicin (1 microM to 30 microM) relaxed the coronary artery pre-contracted with prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha (1 microM) in a concentration-dependent manner. The PGF2alpha-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration was also inhibited. The effects of capsaicin were readily reversed by washing capsaicin from the bath. Capsaicin-induced relaxation was not attenuated by pretreatment with capsazepine (1 microM), a blocker of vanilloid receptor or ruthenium red (1 microM), a blocker of non-selective cation channel. Previous exposure to a high concentration of capsaicin (100 microM) or repeated application of capsaicin did not eliminate the relaxation response to subsequent application of capsaicin. Increasing the external K+ concentration to 80 mM significantly attenuated the capsaicin-induced relaxation with simultaneous change in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Pretreatment with iberiotoxin (100 nM), a blocker of Ca2+-activated K+ channel, only partially inhibited the capsaicin-induced relaxation. However, application of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1 mM), a blocker of delayed rectifier K+ current significantly inhibited the capsaicin-induced relaxation with concomitant attenuation of the effect on intracellular Ca2+ concentration. These results indicate that capsaicin may have a direct relaxing effect on the smooth muscle contractility, and relaxation may be due to activation of the 4-AP-sensitive, delayed rectifier K+ channels in the rabbit coronary artery.  相似文献   

Absence of bovine leukosis virus in semen of seropositive bulls.     

K Yeon Choi  Don Monke  Jeffrey L Stott 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2002,14(5):403-406

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection system was established to identify the presence of bovine leukosis virus (BLV) DNA in bovine semen. Seventy-nine bulls were included in the study. Serum, peripheral blood leukocytes, and semen were collected from each of the 79 bulls. The BLV-specific antibody was detected in serum by agar gel immunodiffusion and viral DNA in blood and semen by PCR. Serologically, 29 of the 79 bulls were BLV positive. Twenty-seven of the 29 seropositive bulls and 1 of the seronegative bulls had BLV DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes. All 79 bulls tested PCR negative for the presence of BLV in semen. This data is strong evidence that properly collected semen from BLV seropositive bulls will not contribute to dissemination of this viral infection.  相似文献   

Antioxidant activity of extracts from the wood and bark of Port Orford cedar   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Heng Gao  Todd F. Shupe  Thomas L. Eberhardt  Chung Y. Hse 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(2):147-152

Heartwood, sapwood, and inner and outer bark of Port Orford cedar were extracted with methanol, and the extracts evaluated for antioxidant activity. The total phenol content (TPC) of the extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). Butylated hydroxytoluene was used as a positive control in the free-radical-scavenging activity tests and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dihydrate disodium salt served as a positive control in the metal-chelating activity assay. All wood extracts showed significant freeradical-scavenging activity. In the radical-scavenging assay of 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (the ABTS assay), the inner bark extracts exhibited the strongest free-radical-scavenging activity. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) in the radical-scavenging assay against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate radical (DPPH) of the heartwood, sapwood, and inner and outer bark extracts were 64.77, 29.03, 10.31, 19.87 μg·ml⁻¹, respectively. In the metal-chelating activity system, the sapwood extract demonstrated significant activity. The greatest TPC, 537.5 mg GAE/g dry extract, was detected in the inner bark. The lowest TPC of 136.9 mg GAE/g dry extract was observed in the heartwood dry extract. The results indicate that the antioxidant activities of the extracts are in accordance with the amounts of phenolics present; the inner and outer barks of Port Orford cedar are rich in phenolics and may provide good sources of antioxidants.  相似文献   

Scopoletin suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 from LPS-stimulated cell line, RAW 264.7 cells     

Kim HJ  Jang SI  Kim YJ  Chung HT  Yun YG  Kang TH  Jeong OS  Kim YC 《Fitoterapia》2004,75(3-4):261-266

Scopoletin (1-50 microg/ml) inhibited the release of PGE2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 and suppressed the expression of COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that scopoletin might suppress the production of such pro-inflammatory cytokines and exert inhibitory activity on LPS-induced PGE2 production through the depression of COX-2 expression.  相似文献   

Differences in chemical constituents between vascular bundles and nonvascular bundles of cacao (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Theobroma cacao</Emphasis> L.) hull     

B.-Y.?Chung  K.?IiyamaEmail author 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(2):176-180

 Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) hulls were physically separated into vascular bundles (VBs) and nonvascular bundles (NVBs) to investigate their chemical compositions and the structural features of abundant polyphenolic compounds. Glucose content was determined to be 21.4% for VBs and 17.5% for NVBs, together with xylose content as 13.1% for VBs and 2.8% for NVBs. In addition, uronic acid in NVBs (12.9%) was much higher than that in VBs (5.2%). The content of total (poly)phenolic compounds (35.9%–39.1%) quantified as Klason residues (KRs) and acid-soluble phenolic compounds (ASPs) were similar in both cell types, although there were great differences in the structural characteris-tics of polyphenolic compounds. The pyrogram of VBs clearly showed high intensities of guaiacol and 4-vinylguaiacol together with low intensities of catechol and 4-methylcatechol. On the other hand, that of the NVBs showed opposite trends. These results were confirmed by alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation based on total yields of vanillin and syringaldehyde. Therefore, the accumulation of various polyphenolic compounds in cacao hulls relies strongly on the cell type and is correlated with the development of a secondary wall. Received: October 9, 2001 / Accepted: April 15, 2002 Present address: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340, USA Acknowledgments This project was partially supported financially by a Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (no. 13375007). We thank Dr. Hadi S. Arifin, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia, for collecting cacao fruits at the Rajamandala Cacao Plantation at Rajamandala in West Java. Correspondence to:K. Iiyama  相似文献