Effect of natural free gossypol and gossypol‐acetic acid on growth performance and resistance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge     

M Yildirim‐Aksoy  C Lim  P Wan  P.H. Klesius 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2004,10(3):153-165

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of free gossypol from glanded‐cottonseed meal (G‐CSM) (natural free gossypol) or gossypol‐acetic acid on growth performance, body composition, haematology, immune response and resistance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge. Soya bean meal‐based diets supplemented with 0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg^?1 free gossypol from G‐CSM or gossypol‐acetic acid were fed to juvenile channel catfish in triplicate aquaria to apparent satiation twice daily for 12 weeks. Neither sources nor levels of dietary gossypol significantly influenced the final weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and survival of channel catfish. Similarly, whole‐body proximate composition, haematological parameters (red blood cell, white blood cell counts, haemoglobin and haematocrit), serum protein concentration, macrophage chemotaxis ratio, phagocytic activity and antibody production against E. ictaluri 21‐day postinfection were not significantly affected at either dietary sources or levels of gossypol. Gossypol concentrations of liver were linearly related to dietary level of gossypol but the retention rate varied dependent on sources of the dietary gossypol. At dietary gossypol levels of 400 or 800 mg kg^?1, total gossypol concentrations in liver of fish fed dietary gossypol from G‐CSM were significantly higher than those of fish fed the corresponding levels of gossypol from gossypol‐acetic acid. The (+)‐isomer of gossypol was predominantly retained in liver regardless of dietary sources of gossypol. The ratio of (+) to (?) gossypol isomers in liver decreased with increasing dietary concentrations of gossypol. Serum lysozyme activity of fish fed dietary gossypol levels of 200 mg kg^?1 or higher, either from G‐CSM or gossypol‐acetic acid, was significantly higher than that of the control. At a level of 800 mg kg^?1 diet, gossypol from G‐CSM stimulated significantly higher lysozyme activity than gossypol from gossypol‐acetic acid. Fish fed diets containing 400 mg kg^?1 gossypol or higher from G‐CSM or 800 mg kg^?1 gossypol from gossypol‐acetic acid had significantly increased superoxide anion (O) production. However, neither the sources nor the levels of dietary free gossypol influenced the resistance of juvenile channel catfish to E. ictaluri challenge.  相似文献   

Production of monosex male guppy, Poecilia reticulata, by 17α-methyltestosterone     

Funda Turan  &#;ehriban Çek  & Esin Atik 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(2):200-203

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Investigation of the usability of kisspeptin and oxidative stress parameters in the early diagnosis of asymptomatic cystic endometrial hyperplasia in dogs     

Serdal Kurt  Funda Eşki  Leyla Mis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(12):1529-1535

This study aimed to investigate the differences in oxidative stress index (OSI) and kisspeptin levels in clinically asymptomatic dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) compared to healthy and pregnant dogs, and to determine the usability of the obtained results in the diagnosis of asymptomatic CEH. The study comprised three groups; a healthy (n = 8), a pregnant (n = 10) and a CEH (n = 10). All dogs in the three groups were included in the study at the 30 ± 3th day after estrus, and blood samples were collected for analysis of kisspeptin, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2) and some biochemical parameters (TSH; thyroid stimulating hormone, ALT; alanine aminotransferase, AST; aspartate aminotransferase, ALP; alkaline phosphatase, LDH; lactate dehydrogenase, CRE; creatine and BUN; blood urea nitrogen). In addition, OSI value was calculated. P4 and ALT and BUN levels were significantly lower and higher in CEH group than the pregnant group, respectively (p < .05). While kisspeptin and TAS levels were significantly lower in CEH group compared to the healthy and pregnant groups (p < .01), OSI level increased dramatically. In conclusion, it was confirmed that CEH clearly affected kisspeptin and OSI levels, and it is thought that these parameters may be an alternative diagnostic tool for the detection of CEH after further studies.  相似文献   

Determination of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Artemisia dracunculus and of the antifungal and antibacterial activities of Turkish Artemisia absinthium, A. dracunculus, Artemisia santonicum, and Artemisia spicigera essential oils     

Kordali S  Kotan R  Mavi A  Cakir A  Ala A  Yildirim A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(24):9452-9458

The essential oil isolated from Turkish tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) by hydrodistillation was analyzed by GC-MS. Thirty compounds representing 99.5% of total oil were identified. The predominant components in the oil were (Z)-anethole (81.0%), (Z)-beta-ocimene (6.5%), (E)-beta-ocimene (3.1%), limonene (3.1%), and methyleugenol (1.8%). The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the essential oils isolated from A. dracunculus, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia santonicum, and Artemisia spicigera oils were also evaluated. In general, the oils exhibited potent antifungal activity at a wide spectrum on the growth of agricultural pathogenic fungi. Among the oils, the weakest antifungal activity was shown by the oil of A. dracunculus. In many cases, the oils of A. absinthium, A. santonicum, and A. spicigera completely inhibited the growth of some fungal species. As compared with antibacterial activities of all of tested oils, A. santonicum and A. spicigera oils showed antibacterial activities over a very wide spectrum. However, the essential oils tested showed lower inhibition zones than the inhibition zones of penicillin. In addition, antioxidant and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of tarragon oil were determined, and weak antioxidant and DPPH radical scavenging activities were found in comparison to butylated hydroxytoluene.  相似文献   

Determination of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Rumex crispus L. extracts     

Yildirim A  Mavi A  Kara AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(8):4083-4089

The antioxidant activities, reducing powers, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities, amount of total phenolic compounds, and antimicrobial activities of ether, ethanol, and hot water extracts of the leaves and seeds of Rumex crispus L. were studied. The antioxidant activities of extracts increase with increasing amount of extracts (50-150 microg). However, the water extracts of both the leaves and seeds have shown the highest antioxidant activities. Thus, addition of 75 microg of each of the above extracts to the linoleic acid emulsion caused the inhibition of peroxide formation by 96 and 94%, respectively. Although the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of seed was lower than the water extract, the difference between these was not statistically significant, P > 0.05. Unlike the other extracts, 75 microg of the ether extract of seeds was unable to show statistically significant antioxidant activity, P > 0.05 (between this extract and control in that there is no extract in the test sample). Among all of the extracts, the highest amount of total phenolic compound was found in the ethanol extract of seeds, whereas the lowest amount was found in the ether extract of seeds. Like phenolic compounds, the highest reducing power and the highest DPPH scavenging activity were found in the ethanol extract of seeds. However, the reducing activity of the ethanol extract of seeds was approximately 40% that of ascorbic acid, whereas in the presence of 400 microg of water and ethanol extracts of seeds scavenging activities were about 85 and 90%, respectively. There were statistically significant correlations between amount of phenolic compounds and reducing power and between amount of phenolic compounds and percent DPPH scavenging activities (r = 0.99, P < 0.01, and r = 0.864, P < 0.05, respectively) and also between reducing powers and percent DPPH scavenging activities (r = 0.892, P < 0.05). The ether extracts of both the leaves and seeds and ethanol extract of leaves had shown antimicrobial activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. However, none of the water extracts showed antimicrobial activity on the studied microorganisms.  相似文献   

Acute phase protein levels in pregnancy and oestrus cycle in bitches     

Ulutas PA  Musal B  Kiral F  Bildik A 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(3):373-376

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute phase protein (serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen) profiles in pregnant dogs as well as bitches at various stages of the estrus cycle and to verify possible relationship(s) among the APPs profile and hormonal status. A total of 60 bitches of various breeds were enrolled. The animals were divided into six groups. B-mode ultrasonographic scanner (concept M/C) was used for pregnancy diagnosis, involving the first and second halves of pregnancy. Proestrus, estrus, diestrus and anestrus stages of sexual cycles were differentiated by use of vaginal cytology and blood progesterone and estradiol 17-β levels. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen levels were determined. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups with regard to the serum SAA and CRP concentrations. Haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen concentrations were elevated in pregnant dogs compared to non-pregnant groups’, independently from the pregnancy stage. No statistically significant differences in acute phase protein concentrations in dogs at various stages of estrus could be detected. Results of this study indicated that ceruloplasmin and fibrinogen levels may have potential importance in the diagnosis of pregnancy, and acute phase proteins may be used for monitoring the health status of the pregnant dogs.  相似文献   

Relationships among some cornelian cherry genotypes (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cornus mas</Emphasis> L.) based on RAPD analysis     

Sezai Ercisli  Emine Orhan  Ahmet Esitken  Nalan Yildirim  Guleray Agar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(4):613-618

Turkey is an important producer of cornelian cherries (Cornus mas L.), especially in northern Anatolia. Seed propagation and long-term human selection has given rise to a great diversity of trees. Twenty-six cornelian cherry genotypes (CC1–CC26) from the Coruh Valley in northern Anatolia were evaluated for genetic relationships by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, based on 56 decamer random primers, seven of which showed reliable polymorphisms. These seven primers generated 80 markers, with 77 (96.25%) displaying polymorphisms. Cluster analysis of the cornelian cherry genotypes was performed based on data from polymorphic RAPD bands, by using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and the Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering method. A similarity matrix showed that the highest genetic similarity (0.913) was between CC15 and CC16 and the least (0.129) was between CC4 and CC16. The cophenetic correlation coefficient between the similarity matrix and the cophenetic matrix of the dendrogram was relatively high (r = 0.87), supporting the validity of the dendrogram. Based on these results, RAPD analysis can be used for the characterization and grouping of cornelian cherry genotypes. Genetically divergent genotypes identified in this study may be useful for future breeding programs. This is the first study demonstrating that RAPD analyses can be used to differentiate and classify cornelian cherry genotypes.  相似文献   

Septicaemia in emerald monitors (Varanus prasinus Schlegel 1839) caused by Streptococcus agalactiae acquired from mice     

Hetzel U  König A  Yildirim AO  Lämmler Ch  Kipar A 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,95(4):283-293

The present study was performed to investigate both the identity and the source of the bacteria responsible for a fatal septicaemia observed in a group of three subadult emerald monitors (Varanus prasinus Schlegel 1839). The emerald monitors were necropsied and examined by light microscopy, including immunohistology, and by electron microscopy. Tissue samples were additionally submitted for bacteriological, virological and parasitological examinations. The virological and parasitological results were noncontributory, whereas the bacteriological investigation resulted in the isolation of gram-positive cocci which were characterized biochemically and serologically and by molecular analysis. The death of the emerald monitors was caused by a partially leukocyte-associated septicaemic infection with streptococci of serological group B of serotype V. Phenotypically and genotypically identical group B streptococci were isolated from the intestine of subadult mice, obtained from the feed used for the monitors. The genotypical characterization included an identical DNA fingerprint of strains of both origins, indicating the epidemiological relation between the feeding mice and the infections of the monitors.  相似文献   

Analysis of Genetic Relationships Between Wild Roses (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rosa</Emphasis> L. Spp.) Growing in Turkey     

Mustafa Korkmaz  Nalan Yildirim Dogan 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2018,60(4):305-310

Rosa L. taxa are dominantly used for horticulture, food, medicinal, ornamental and aesthetic purposes. Rosa is represented with approximately 200 wild species in the world. The number of natural Rosa species in Turkey is reported as about 31. Rosa species are widely distributed in all regions in Turkey. In this study, RAPD and ISSR markers were applied to assess genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 27 species of Rosa. The UPGMA cluster was constructed using a combination of data from RAPD and ISSR markers. The dendrogram revealed two main clusters. Each cluster was divided into subgroups. This investigation showed that genetic distance was relatively significant among the species. As the results of the study close genetic relationships were found between evolutionary relations, morphplogical properties, and phytogeographical distributions of the Rosa species, The results also propose that RAPD and ISSR markers are useful tools for indicating genetic relationships among Rosa genotypes.  相似文献   

A recombinant PvpA protein-based diagnostic prototype for rapid screening of chicken Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Büyüktanir O  Yildirim T  Yakicier C  Genç O  Yurdusev N 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,129(1-2):139-149

Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the primary agent of chronic respiratory disease causing important economic losses in the poultry industry. Serological monitoring is essential to maintain mycoplasma-free breeder flocks and often complicated by the cross-reactions between different mycoplasma species. To overcome serological cross-reactions, a large fragment of the M. gallisepticum PvpA cytadhesin, species-specific surface-exposed protein, was produced in E. coli as a recombinant protein (rPvpA336) and used as a potential diagnostic antigen. The rPvpA336 protein possesses 336 mycoplasma-specific amino acids with relative molecular weight of 44 kDa. A deletion region of 37 amino acids was identified when compared to the wild-type PvpA protein. Immunoreactivity of the rPvpA336 protein has been demonstrated by Western blot analysis with M. gallisepticum-positive and -negative chicken sera. Furthermore, an enzymatic rapid immunofiltration assay (ERIFA) prototype based on the rPvpA336 protein has been developed and its species-specific detection capability has been demonstrated by using M. gallisepticum and/or M. synoviae-positive and -negative chicken sera. In addition to its species-specificity, the ERIFA prototype presents certain advantages such as rapidity, field-applicability and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, these advantages would make the prototype a species-specific rapid diagnostic tool of choice in the field and limited laboratory conditions for screening M. gallisepticum infections.  相似文献