Morphometric analysis of the skull of Hamdani sheep via Three-Dimensional modelling     

Mustafa Orhun Dayan  İsmail Demircioğlu  Ali Koçyiğit  Barış Can Güzel  Funda Aksünger Karaavci 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2023,52(2):215-222

The aim of the present study was to determine the craniometric characteristics of the crania of Hamdani sheep, one of local breeds of Turkey, by using computed tomography (CT). In the study, 13 (six female and seven male) skulls were used. After CT images of the skulls were taken, their three-dimensional models were created by MIMICS 20.1 (The Materialise Group, Leuven, Belgium) program. Thirty-eight craniometric measurements were taken over the models created and nine indices were calculated by using these measurements. All the characteristics examined were expressed as mean ± SE. In the study, statistically significant differences were found between females and males in terms of greatest neurocranium breadth, facial breadth, greatest palatal breadth (p < 0.05) and height of the foramen magnum (p < 0.01) parameters. No statistically significant difference was observed between the sexes in the calculated index values (p > 0.05). In conclusion, it is thought that the findings obtained from the study will contribute to the zooarchaeology and sheep taxonomy of Mesopotamian region.  相似文献   

Prevalence and epidemiological aspects of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from Kayseri Province, Turkey     

Yildirim A  Ica A  Atalay O  Duzlu O  Inci A 《Research in veterinary science》2007,82(3):358-363

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis infection and to investigate the risk factors related to heartworm disease in dogs from Kayseri, Turkey. Blood samples were collected from 280 dogs from May 2005 to March 2006 and were examined by membrane filtration-acid phosphatase histochemical staining and antigen Elisa techniques to detect circulating microfilariae and antigens of D. immitis, respectively. Of the total of 280 dogs, 27 were positive for D. immitis with a prevalence value of 9.6%. In addition 29.6% of positive dogs determined to have occult D. immitis infections. D. immitis was the only canine filarial parasite present in the study area. The mean number of microfilariae in infected dogs was 4730+/-5479 per ml of blood. The highest heartworm prevalence were observed in 7-10 age group (28.6%) followed by 4-6 (17.1%) and 0.5-3 (4.8%) age groups. The differences between 0.5-3 and other age groups were found significant, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between 4-6 and 7-10 age groups. The infection was more prevalent in males, larger breeds and the dogs not on prophylaxis. No statistically significant difference was observed between stray and owned dogs. Our results suggest that heartworm treatment and prophylaxis should be considered in Kayseri Province.  相似文献   

Detection of Theileria and Babesia species in ticks collected from cattle     

Ica A  Vatansever Z  Yildirim A  Duzlu O  Inci A 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,148(2):156-160

The present study was carried out to detect tick species that infest cattle, and Theileria and Babesia species transmitted by these ticks in Kayseri province (Turkey). A total of 300 cattle were examined for tick infestations. Of the 300 cattle, 117 (39%) were infested with ticks. A total of 1160 ticks belonging to 11 Ixodid genera were collected from the infested animals and their shelters. The most prevalent tick species was Boophilus annulatus 26.37% (306/1160) followed by Hyalomma marginatum marginatum 21.12% (245/1160) and Rhipicephalus turanicus 18.7% (217/1160). The collected ticks were separated into 43 tick pools, according to their species. These pools were examined for bovine Theileria and Babesia species (Theileria sp., Babesia sp., Theileria annulata, T. buffeli/orientalis, Babesia bigemina, B. bovis and B. divergens) by using the reverse line blotting method (RLB). Of the 43 tick pools examined, 6 (14%) were infected with B. bigemina, 4 (9.3%) with T. annulata, and 1 (2.3%) with Babesia sp., whereas 1 (2.3%) displayed mixed infection with T. annulata + B. bigemina. The sequence and phylogenetic analyses of Babesia sp., which could not be identified to the species level by RLB, were performed. In the phylogenetic tree, Babesia sp. (Kayseri 1) grouped with Babesia sp. (Kashi 2), Babesia sp. (Kashi 1), Babesia sp. (Xinjiang) and B. orientalis with 96.8-100% identity.  相似文献   

Effect of various dietary vitamin A levels on growth performance and immune response of tilapia (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oreochromis niloticus</Emphasis>)     

Ran Guo  Chhorn Lim  Hui Xia  Mediha Yildirim Aksor  Menghe Li 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2010,4(4):507-512

Six purified vitamin-free casein-based diets were formulated to contain six levels vitamin A at 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 IU·kg⁻¹, respectively. Tilapias (initial mean weight: 7.73±0.03 g) were fed the diets in quadruplicate aquaria to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 weeks. No differences in mortality, weight gain, or feed efficiency ratio (FER) were observed among the groups. Liver vitamin A levels reflected dietary vitamin A levels. Immune parameters, such as hemoglobin levels, total cell count, red blood cell count, total serum protein, and serum lysozyme activity, did not vary with the dietary vitamin A levels. White blood cell counts of fish in 2000 IU·kg⁻¹ diet groups were significantly higher than that in other diets groups. Serum complement activities of fish in 2000 and 4000 IU·kg⁻¹ vitamin A diet groups were also higher than those in other diet groups. After the 14-d challenge test, the mortality and antibody titer were similar among the treatments. The results indicated that dietary vitamin A inclusions did not affect the immune response of Oreochromis niloticus.  相似文献   

Relationships among some cornelian cherry genotypes (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cornus mas</Emphasis> L.) based on RAPD analysis     

Sezai Ercisli  Emine Orhan  Ahmet Esitken  Nalan Yildirim  Guleray Agar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(4):613-618

Turkey is an important producer of cornelian cherries (Cornus mas L.), especially in northern Anatolia. Seed propagation and long-term human selection has given rise to a great diversity of trees. Twenty-six cornelian cherry genotypes (CC1–CC26) from the Coruh Valley in northern Anatolia were evaluated for genetic relationships by using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, based on 56 decamer random primers, seven of which showed reliable polymorphisms. These seven primers generated 80 markers, with 77 (96.25%) displaying polymorphisms. Cluster analysis of the cornelian cherry genotypes was performed based on data from polymorphic RAPD bands, by using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and the Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering method. A similarity matrix showed that the highest genetic similarity (0.913) was between CC15 and CC16 and the least (0.129) was between CC4 and CC16. The cophenetic correlation coefficient between the similarity matrix and the cophenetic matrix of the dendrogram was relatively high (r = 0.87), supporting the validity of the dendrogram. Based on these results, RAPD analysis can be used for the characterization and grouping of cornelian cherry genotypes. Genetically divergent genotypes identified in this study may be useful for future breeding programs. This is the first study demonstrating that RAPD analyses can be used to differentiate and classify cornelian cherry genotypes.  相似文献   

First report of Lecanosticta acicola on non‐native Pinus mugo in southern Sweden     

Michelle Cleary  Marili Laas  Funda Oskay  Rein Drenkhan 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(3)

In 2017, severe symptoms of brown spot needle blight, similar to those caused by Lecanosticta acicola, were observed on needles of non‐native Pinus mugo var. Hesse planted in an arboretum in southern Sweden. Microscopic characterization and molecular diagnostics of isolates obtained from diseased needles confirmed the identity of L. acicola. This is the first report of the quarantine pathogen L. acicola in Sweden. Subsequent surveys are urgently needed to assess the presence and extent of the L. acicola invasion in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands in Sweden and other Scandinavian countries.  相似文献   

Total energy loss assessment for trickle lateral lines equipped with integrated in-line and on-line emitters   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

Gürol Yildirim 《Irrigation Science》2010,28(4):341-352

The accurate evaluation for the pressure head distribution along a trickle (drip) irrigation lateral, which can be operated under low-pressure head, dictates to precisely determine the total energy (head) losses that incorporate the combined friction losses due to pipe and emitters and, the additional local losses, sometimes called minor losses, due to the protrusion of emitter barbs into the flow. In routine design applications, assessment of total energy losses is usually carried out by assuming the hypothesis that minor losses can be neglected, even if the previous experimental studies indicated that minor losses can become a significant percentage of total energy losses as a consequence of the high number of emitters (with reducing the emitter spacing) installed along the lateral line. In this study, first, simple mathematical expressions for computing three energy loss components—minor friction losses through the path of an integrated in-line emitter, the local pressure losses due to emitter connections, and the major friction losses along the pipe—are deduced based on the backward stepwise procedure, which are quickly implemented in a simple Excel spreadsheet, to rapidly evaluate the relative contribution of each energy loss component to the amount of total energy losses. An approximate combination formulation is finally proposed to evaluate total energy drop at the end of the lateral line. For practical purpose, two design figures were also prepared to demonstrate the variation of total friction losses (due to pipe and emitters) with emitter local losses, and the variation of pipe friction losses with emitter minor friction losses, versus different emitter spacing ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 m, and various total number of emitters, regarding two kinds of the integrated in-line emitters. Comprehensive comparison test covering two design applications for different kinds of integrated in-line and on-line emitters indicated that the present mathematical model is simple, can be easily adaptable, but sufficiently accurate in all design cases examined, in comparison with the alternative procedures available in the literature.  相似文献   

Estimation of dwarf green bean water use under semi-arid climate conditions through ground-based remote sensing techniques     

Eyüp Selim Köksal  Süleyman Kodal  Yusuf Ersoy Yildirim 《Agricultural Water Management》2010,98(2):353-360

Determination of temporal and spatial distribution of water use (WU) within agricultural land is critical for irrigation management and could be achieved by remotely sensed data. The aim of this study was to estimate WU of dwarf green beans under excessive and limited irrigation water application conditions through indicators based on remotely sensed data. For this purpose, field experiments were conducted comprising of six different irrigation water levels. Soil water content, climatic parameters, canopy temperature and spectral reflectance were all monitored. Reference evapotranspiration (ET₀), crop coefficient K_c and potential crop evapotraspiration (ET_c) were calculated by means of methods described in FAO-56. In addition, WU values were determined by using soil water balance residual and various indexes were calculated. Water use fraction (WUF), which represents both excessive and limited irrigation applications, was defined through WU, ET₀ and K_c. Based on the relationships between WUF and remotely sensed indexes, WU of each irrigation treatments were then estimated. According to comparisons between estimated and measured WU, in general crop water stress index (CWSI) can be offered for monitoring of irrigated land. At the same time, under water stress, correlation between measured WU and estimated WU based on CWSI was the highest too. However, canopy-air temperature difference (T_c − T_a) is more reliable than others for excessive water use conditions. Where there is no data related to canopy temperature, some of spectral vegetation indexes could be preferable in the estimation of WU.  相似文献   

Nutritional value of frass from black soldier fly larvae,Hermetia illucens,in a channel catfish,Ictalurus punctatus,diet     

Mediha Yildirim‐Aksoy  Rashida Eljack  Benjamin H. Beck 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(3):812-819

Frass is the by‐product of the larval meal industry and includes larval waste, exoskeleton sheds and residual feed ingredients. Experimental frass was derived from the larvae of black solder flies fed distillers' dried grains with solubles and had a protein and fat content of 216 and 60 g/kg, respectively. A 10‐week study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary levels of frass on growth, feed utilization, and body proximate and mineral composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Five diets containing 0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 g frass per kg diet were fed to channel catfish (5.24 ± 0.04 g) in quadruplicate aquaria to apparent satiation twice daily. Final weight gain was significantly increased in fish fed diets containing frass at levels from 100 to 300 g/kg. Fish fed diets without frass, and with 300 g/kg frass, showed the lowest and highest feed intake, respectively. Feed and protein efficiencies, however, were significantly lower in fish fed frass at levels of 200 g/kg and higher compared to the control diet. Survival, whole‐body composition and mineral content were not affected by frass. In summary, black soldier fly larval frass has potential as a protein source or just an ingredient for enhancing palatability of catfish diets.  相似文献   

The effect of levamisole on sheep trachea alone and with trichlorfon combination     

Baydan E  Yildirim E  Ince S 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2008,11(8):1152-1156

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of levamisole and levamisole-trichlorfon combination on isolated sheep trachea. Contraction was achieved with levamisole concentrations (10(-8)-10(-3) M) on tracheal strips of adult sheep (> 1 year of age). Pretreatment with trichlorfon (10(-7) M)-levamisole (10(-7) M) decreased the pD2 and E(max) of Ach when compared to levamisole pretreatment (p < or = 0.01). Pretreatment with levamisole (10(-7) M), decreased the E(max) (p < or = 0.01) and pD2 (p < 0.05) of bethanechol concentrations (10(-8)-10(-3) M) significantly. Pretreatment with atropine (10(-6) M) decreased the E(max) of levamisole (10(-4) M) significantly (p < 0.05). To conclude, levamisole acted mainly on the muscarinic receptors of the sheep trachea and this effect was partly inhibited by atropine. Adverse interaction was present between levamisole and trichlorfon.  相似文献