Efficiency of the indirect selection and the evaluation of the genotype by environment interaction using Pilodyn for the genetic improvement of wood density in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis>     

Eitaro Fukatsu  Akira Tamura  Makoto Takahashi  Yoko Fukuda  Ryogo Nakada  Masahiro Kubota  Susumu Kurinobu 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(2):128-135

The efficiency of the indirect selection for wood density using the Pilodyn in Cryptomeria japonica was studied by comparing the Pilodyn penetration (PP) depth and the direct measurement of wood density in three test sites. The influence of the genotype by environment (G × E) interaction of wood density was estimated using the Pilodyn with common 12 C. japonica clones in 10 test sites in Kanto breeding region in Japan. The PP depth was highly correlated with wood density, and the genetic correlation between them was −0.88. The indirect selection using the Pilodyn realized 87% of the genetic gain obtained by the direct selection of wood density. The G × E interaction in PP depth was small. The ratio of the variance component of the G × E interaction to that of genotype was only 0.096 in the PP depth, whereas it was 0.700 in tree height and 1.410 in diameter at breast height. These findings indicate that the Pilodyn is useful for the genetic improvement of wood density in Cryptomeria japonica. The small G × E interaction in wood density estimated using the Pilodyn indicates that the relative clonal performance in wood density is stable among diverse environments in Kanto breeding region in Japan.  相似文献   

Phosphorus starvation induced root-mediated pH changes in solublization and acquisition of sparingly soluble P sources and organic acids exudation by Brassica cultivars   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Akhtar M. SHAHBAZ  Yoko OKI  Tadashi ADACHI  Yoshiyuki MURATA  Md Harunar Rashid KHAN 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2006,52(5):623-633

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A black soybean seed coat extract prevents obesity and glucose intolerance by up-regulating uncoupling proteins and down-regulating inflammatory cytokines in high-fat diet-fed mice     

Kanamoto Y  Yamashita Y  Nanba F  Yoshida T  Tsuda T  Fukuda I  Nakamura-Tsuruta S  Ashida H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(16):8985-8993

Black soybean seed coat extract (BE) is a polyphenol-rich food material consisting of 9.2% cyanidin 3-glucoside, 6.2% catechins, 39.8% procyanidins, and others. This study demonstrated that BE ameliorated obesity and glucose intolerance by up-regulating uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and down-regulating inflammatory cytokines in C57BL/6 mice fed a control or high-fat diet containing BE for 14 weeks. BE suppressed fat accumulation in mesenteric adipose tissue, reduced the plasma glucose level, and enhanced insulin sensitivity in the high-fat diet-fed mice. The gene and protein expression levels of UCP-1 in brown adipose tissue and UCP-2 in white adipose tissue were up-regulated by BE. Moreover, the gene expression levels of major inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were remarkably decreased by BE in white adipose tissue. BE is a beneficial food material for the prevention of obesity and diabetes by enhancing energy expenditure and suppressing inflammation.  相似文献   

Fatal aortic endocarditis associated with community-acquired Serratia marcescens infection in a dog     

Perez C  Fujii Y  Fauls M  Hummel J  Breitschwerdt E 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(2):133-137

A 12 yr old Dalmatian was referred for evaluation of acute lethargy, fever, neurologic signs, and a recently ausculted heart murmur. Echocardiography in combination with blood cultures resulted in a diagnosis of nonhospital-acquired Serratia marcescens bacteremia and aortic valve endocarditis. Despite early diagnosis and aggressive therapy, the dog failed to respond to antimicrobials and died within 6 hr after admission. Necropsy findings included aortic valve endocarditis, septicemia, and diffuse thromboembolic disease. There was no history of pre-existing underlying disease or immunosuppressive therapy, and the dog had not been hospitalized before referral.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait analysis of transplanting time and other root-growth-related traits in tomato     

Mae Rose Sumugat  O New Lee  Yoko Mine  Nobuo Sugiyama 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Transplanting time is determined by factors such as the field conditions, the age of the seedlings, and the size of the container, but little information is available on the effect of the genetic background on transplanting time. Here, we examined root dry weight (RDW), shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio (RSR), time at which 50% of the germinated seedlings have expanded cotyledons (CE50), root ball formation (RBW), the length of time from the cotyledon expansion from the first to the last germinated seedling (ES) and transplanting time (TRD) in a BC₁F₆ population derived from Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum pimpinellifolium. All traits exhibited significant correlation with each other, except for RSR, which was only significantly correlated to RDW. A total of eight additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for the five traits, i.e., RSR, RBW, CE50, ES, and TRD. One epistatic (QTL × QTL) interaction each was identified for RSR and TRD. QTLs for RSR, RBW, CE50, ES and TRD clustered near marker LEOH37 on chromosome 4. Clustering of ce50-4, rsr4, rbw4, and es4 with trd4 reflected the dependence of transplanting time on root ball formation, growth uniformity and early seedling growth, especially root growth. In addition, several QTLs in this study were mapped to regions where QTLs for days to flowering or number of leaves before the first inflorescence had been identified previously. This suggests that the roots may exert some influence on the flowering time in tomato.  相似文献   

Detachable Coils for Occlusion of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in 2 Dogs     

Ryou Tanaka  DVM  PhD    Katsuichiro Hoshi  DVM    Yukiko Nagashima  DVM    Yoko Fujii  DVM    Yoshihisa Yamane  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2001,30(6):580-584

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of a detachable coil for transcatheter closure (TCC) of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 2 dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Two female Pembroke Welsh Corgi dogs with PDA. METHODS: Using fluoroscopic guidance, an 8-mm-diameter coil stent with 5 loops (detachable coils for PDA closure) was inserted via catheterization of the femoral artery. The catheter was passed through the PDA into the pulmonary artery. The coil was withdrawn so that 1.5 loops remained on the pulmonary side of the orifice of the ductus. The rest of the loops were pushed out from the catheter into the ductus. After confirming the correct placement of the coil and the effectiveness of the occlusion, the delivery wire was detached from the coil. RESULTS: Insertion of the coil was easily performed, even without previous experience. Immediate and marked decrease of the cardiac murmur was auscultated. Only slight residual flow was detected by angiography conducted 3 months' postoperatively. The dogs experienced quick and uneventful recovery after coil placement and required minimal postoperative care. Follow-up evaluation of the dogs showed no functional clinical signs of PDA, and no cardiac abnormalities were detected on electrocardiographic, phonocardiographic, and echocardiographic examination. In dog 1, the residual flow had disappeared on the color-flow Doppler echocardiographic examination at 18 months' postoperatively. CONCLUSION: TCC using a detachable coil was easy, safe, and effective in 2 dogs with PDA. The minimal residual shunting observed only by echocardiography seemed hemodynamically insignificant. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This method can be used as an alternative to traditional surgical methods.  相似文献   

Geographical distribution and seasonality of the prevalence of Leucocytozoon lovati in Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus) found in the alpine regions of Japan     

Murata K  Tamada A  Ichikawa Y  Hagihara M  Sato Y  Nakamura H  Nakamura M  Sakanakura T  Asakawa M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):171-176

In this study, we investigated the geographical distribution and seasonality of Leucocytozoon lovati infection in the Japanese rock ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus japonicus); this bird is one of the special natural monuments of Japan that inhabits the Japanese alpine regions. We examined blood samples from birds captured in the Kubiki, Hida, and Akaishi mountain ranges for three years from 2002 to 2005. Seventy-three blood samples from 42 males, 19 females, and 12 birds of unknown sex were used for this study. The rate of infection with L. lovati was 78.1% in the 73 birds examined. We demonstrated that the L. lovati infection was distributed across wide ranges of ptarmigan populations from the northern to the southern alpine zones. There was no sex bias in the prevalence ratio. The prevalence of L. lovati and the level of parasitization of the blood cells tended to increase from spring through summer; in contrast, a decrease was observed from summer through autumn. Although L. lovati infection was observed in a number of local populations inhabiting three mountainous regions, no infected birds were found in Mt. Johnen-dake and Mt. Maejohnen-dake. It is necessary to continue surveying the relationship between the population dynamics of the ptarmigan and the density of the arthropod vector from the perspective of in situ conservation of this endangered species.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional culture of keratinocytes and the formation of basement membrane for canine footpad substitute   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yamazoe K  Miyamoto S  Hikosaka Y  Kitagawa K  Watanabe K  Sakai H  Kudo T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):611-617

A pad equivalent for a dog was prepared as a substitute for the loss of footpad. In addition to the time course of formation on epidermal morphogenesis, we investigated expressions of alpha(6) integrin subunit as adhesive molecule, and laminin and type IV and VII collagens as extracellular matrices of basement membrane components. Epithelium of the pad equivalent was thick enough to be easily confirmed at 5 days at the air-liquid interface, but many creases appeared on it at 7 days, and it shrank at 10 and 14 days. Keratinocytes were increased in 4 to 5 cell layers at 1 day at the air-liquid interface, differentiating into basal cell layer. Granular and corneal cell layers were confirmed until 5 days, and maintained their shape at least until 14 days. Alpha 6 integrin was expressed at almost the same fluorescent intensity as native pad tissue at 1 day at the dermal-epidermal junction. Laminin and type IV collagen were intermittently expressed at 5 and 10 days, respectively, at the dermal-epidermal junction, and at 14 days the fluorescence showed almost the same intensity as native pad tissue. The expression of type VII collagen was discontinuous at 2 days at the dermal-epidermal junction, but remained as it was at 14 days. The present findings suggested that although the formation of anchoring fibrils in basement membrane was incomplete, the pad equivalent in the dog was reconstructed similar to a native pad by epidermal morphogenesis.  相似文献   

Gene expression in individual bovine somatic cell cloned embryos at the 8-cell and blastocyst stages of preimplantation development   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Amarnath D  Li X  Kato Y  Tsunoda Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(6):1247-1263

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Immunoreactivity and morphological changes of bursal follicles in chickens infected with vaccine or wild-type strains of the infectious bursal disease virus     

Naoyuki AIHARA  Noriyuki HORIUCHI  Nanase HIKICHI  Mariko OCHIAI  Yuko HOSODA  Yoko ISHIKAWA  Yoko SHIMAZAKI  Koji OISHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):913-918

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is characterized by immunosuppression due to the depletion of lymphocytes in the atrophied bursa of Fabricius (BF). We have sometimes encountered contradictory findings: chickens infected with the vaccine IBD virus (IBDV) strain have sometimes exhibited a highly atrophied BF, but not immunosuppression. In this study, chickens administered vaccine or wild-type strains of IBDV were later vaccinated with the B1 strain of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Bursal changes were examined histologically with a focus on the bursal follicle. The immunoreactivity to NDV was also evaluated with the hemagglutination inhibition test. In gross examination, we observed a few chickens with a severely atrophied BF in vaccine strain-administered groups (vaccine groups), and the level of severity was the same as that in the wild-type strain-administered group (wild-type group). However, these chickens retained humoral antibody responses to NDV and were revealed to possess a higher number of bursal follicles than those of the wild-type group. These results indicated that macroscopic evaluation dose not accurately reflect the immunoreactivity and degree of bursal damage in IBDV-administered chickens. We also found non-immunosuppressed chickens in the wild-type group. These non-immunosuppressed chickens retained a significantly higher number of normal follicles and total follicles according to our statistical analysis. Furthermore, a high correlation coefficient between the NDV-HI titer and the number of normal follicles was found in the wild-type group. These results implied that the retained number of normal follicles is important for the immunoreactivity of chickens infected with IBDV.  相似文献