Isolation and characterization of adenosine deaminase in the adductor muscle of marine bivalve molluscs     

Yi-Xin Chen  Hiroyuki Uchida  Yoshihisa Migitaka  Tomonori Hayashi and  Takayuki Uwajima 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(4):748-754

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Implication of limited iron acquisition by Pseudomonas cichorii strain SPC9018 in its reduced virulence on eggplant     

Ullah Md Wali  Risa Maenaka  Yuka Mori  Daisei Ueno  Kenji Kai  Kouhei Ohnishi  Akinori Kiba  Hideo Hayashi  Yasufumi Hikichi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2015,81(2):136-141

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Coexpression Network Analysis of Macronutrient Deficiency Response Genes in Rice     

Hinako?Takehisa  Yutaka?SatoEmail author  Baltazar?Antonio  Yoshiaki?Nagamura 《Rice》2015,8(1):24

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A selective medium to isolate airborne spores of Microdochium nivale,causing winter wheat scab     

Y. Hayashi  T. Kozawa  D. Aiuchi  M. Tani  M. Koike 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(2):247-256

Winter wheat scab in Hokkaido, Japan is caused predominantly by Gibberella zeae and Microdochium nivale and can result in significant yield losses. A selective medium for isolation of G. zeae was previously developed, but not for M. nivale. The purpose of this study therefore was to develop a selective medium for isolation of airborne spores of M. nivale. Based on the basic composition of Komada’s Fusarium-selective medium, carbon and nitrogen sources and the most suitable vitamin B component for the basal composition were examined. Hyphal growth of M. nivale was promoted when galactose was replaced with lactose and combined with L-asparagine, while aerial hyphal formation increased with thiamine hydrochloride as the vitamin B source. In antimicrobial composition, colony formation of other filamentous fungi was greatly inhibited by spiroxamine. Thiophanate methyl, to which M. nivale shows resistance, selectively inhibited the growth of Fusarium spp. only. Spore trapping using the selective medium was subsequently performed in a wheat field. M. nivale formed characteristic pinkish colonies on the selective medium in the case of contamination with other filamentous fungi, making differentiation easy. Overall, the findings show that LATTS medium developed in this study is effective for isolation of airborne spores of M. nivale.  相似文献   

Comparison of factors affecting recruitment variability of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan off northern Japan     

Tetsuichiro Funamoto  Orio Yamamura  Osamu Shida  Kazuhiko Itaya  Ken Mori  Yoshiaki Hiyama  Yasunori Sakurai 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(2):117-126

The Japanese Pacific stock (JPS) and the northern Japan Sea stock (JSS) of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma are mainly distributed in the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan off northern Japan, respectively. This paper summarizes and compares the factors affecting the recruitment variability of these two stocks. Spawning season is from December to March for both stocks. JPS recruitment has a positive relationship with the water temperature in January and February, whereas that of JSS has a negative relationship with the water temperature in January, February, and April. One possible reason for this is that pollock larvae have an optimum growth temperature of approximately 5 °C in the field. Drift of early life stages also appears to be an important influence on the recruitment of both stocks. Because the current generated by the northwest wind carries eggs of JPS into the main larval nursery ground, JPS recruitment is enhanced in years when the northwest wind is predominant in February. On the other hand, early life stages of JSS are transported into the nursery ground by the Tsushima Warm Current. However, this current also carries early life stages into the Sea of Okhotsk and offshore, resulting in poor JSS recruitment in years when this current is strong in March. In contrast to JPS, the recruitment of which is significantly impacted by cannibalism, young pollock have not been found in the stomachs of adult JSS. Warm temperatures in the Sea of Japan seem to induce the separation of young and adult pollock, and the shape of the stock–recruitment relationship also suggests that cannibalism is not important for JSS. Based on this knowledge, and on the hatch date distributions of larvae and juveniles, we propose mechanisms that can explain the recruitment fluctuations for JPS and JSS pollock.  相似文献   

Stock assessment and management for walleye pollock in Japan     

Ken Mori  Yoshiaki Hiyama 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(2):161-172

We review the stock assessment strategies and management procedures for walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in Japan. In Japan, walleye pollock is classified into 4 stocks. Because biological data, fishing conditions, etc. are different for each stock, the stocks are assessed by different methods. Harvest strategies aiming at stock recovery are proposed for the Northern Japan Sea stock and the Nemuro Strait stock, which are currently in poor condition. For the Japanese Pacific stock and the Southern Okhotsk Sea stock, which are in good condition, harvest strategies for current fishery operations are proposed. In Japan, fisheries co-management has traditionally been carried out, and in recent years a total catch limitation system called the total allowable catch, a resource recovery plan, and a resource management plan have also been implemented. Although a plan is devised that accounts for the stock conditions of walleye pollock, it is also necessary to consider socioeconomic factors, ecosystem factors, and so on. However, we consider that the main focus of stock management for walleye pollock will still be maintaining fishing pressure at an appropriate level, which includes regulating fish size and price during the fishing season.  相似文献   

Ontogeny of swim bladder inflation and caudal fin aspect ratio with reference to vertical distribution in Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis larvae     

Yoshiaki Ina  Wataru Sakamoto  Shigeru Miyashita  Hiromu Fukuda  Shinsuke Torisawa  Tsutomu Takagi 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(6):1293-1299

It is necessary to understand the processes involved in sinking death in Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis aquaculture in order to develop methods to prevent or minimize this problem. We observed the nighttime vertical distribution of Pacific bluefin tuna in the water column on 2–9 DAH and the morphological characteristics of the larvae, in order to clarify the processes involved in sinking death. A cuboid tank (height 300 cm) was used to measure vertical distribution. The number of larvae was counted in each of 4 regions in the observation tank: upper layer (water depth 0–100 cm), middle layer (100–200 cm), lower layer (200–300 cm), and bottom area. The distribution of larvae in these regions at 4 days after hatching was polarized to the upper layer and bottom area. Individuals with inflated swim bladders were observed in the upper layer 3 days after hatching. No larvae with inflated swim bladders were observed in the bottom area on any day after hatching. Total body length and caudal fin aspect ratio of larvae with both inflated and un-inflated swim bladders were greater in the upper layer than those of larvae in the bottom area. Larvae with un-inflated swim bladders that failed to develop sufficiently for swimming sank to the tank bottom and died. Swim bladder development and caudal fin swimming ability are strongly related to sinking death.  相似文献   

Varietal difference in the effects of low temperature on tassel development in hybrid maize     

Taku Hayashi 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(2):230-237

In 2003, severe barrenness due to low temperatures in hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar occurred in the Konsen region, one of the coldest areas in Japan. Varietal difference in grain set, and abnormal flowering habits and tassel growth were observed in the field in 2003. For the cultivar 39B29, which was affected severely, anthesis occurred several days after silking, and tassel size was reduced. For the cultivar Papirika, which was not affected by low temperature, anthesis began 0–1 d before silking, and tassel size was similar to that in previous years. In a 2011–2013 experiment, three varieties, Papirika, 39B29, and Kwiss were treated at 10 °C for 7 d at 6- to 9-leaf stage. Following the treatment, anthesis was delayed, and tassel length was reduced, in 39B29 and Kwiss, but not in Papirika. The relative tassel length (RTL, ratio of tassel length of experimental plants to that of untreated control plants) was around 60 in 39B29, 80 in Papirika, and 30 in Kwiss on average over 3 years. Based on field observations in 2003 and the pot experiment in 2011–2013, a cultivar whose RTL was 60 or less was deemed sensitive, and a cultivar whose RTL was 80 or more was deemed less sensitive to low-temperature stress during the tassel development stage.  相似文献   

Obituary: Professor Toshio Fujita          下载免费PDF全文

Yoshiaki Nakagawa  Guy Smagghe 《Pest management science》2018,74(2):263-263

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Mapping the relative risk of surface water acidification based on cumulative acid deposition over the past 25 years in Japan     

Naoyuki Yamashita  Hiroyuki Sase  Tsuyoshi Ohizumi  Junichi Kurokawa  Toshimasa Ohara  Yu Morino  Masatoshi Kuribayashi  Seiichi Ohta  Shinji Kaneko  Kentaro Hayashi  Haruo Fukuhara  Tomoyuki Hakamata 《Journal of Forest Research》2016,21(3):115-124

Sensitivity maps of atmospheric acid deposition in Japan have not been updated in 20 years. Here, we propose new relative risk maps of surface water acidification in forests based on a weighted overlay of cumulative potential acid deposition (CPAD) simulated for a 25-year period (1981–2005), including the sensitivities of soil and bedrock to acidification. We assumed that relative acidification risk is high in areas that exhibit high sensitivities of soil and bedrock to acid and have received a large amount of cumulative acid deposition over the past several decades. We aggregated fine soil and bedrock maps into a 20-km mesh for overlay onto an 80-km mesh map of CPAD by considering their spatial structures in Japan. Allocation of the weights among CPAD and soil and bedrock sensitivities was performed based on observational trends in river pH over the past 30 years. The resulting risk map for surface water acidification showed that large areas of western Japan, as well as smaller areas of Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, and Kyushu, are at high risk of surface water acidification. Seventy-seven percent of all rivers for which a declining trend in pH was observed from 2001 to 2009 were also high-risk areas. Acid deposition might be one factor controlling surface water acidification in areas with high bedrock sensitivity, in addition to high CPAD and soil sensitivity, although the risk of soil acidification remains unclear.  相似文献