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261.
Yamano S Eto D Kasashima Y Hiraga A Sugiura T Miyata H 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(3):401-405
OBJECTIVE: To determine the growth-related changes in metabolic and anatomic properties in equine muscle fiber type, including hybrid fibers identified with immunohistochemical analysis. ANIMALS: 24 2-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month-old female Thoroughbreds. PROCEDURE: Samples were obtained from the gluteus medius muscle of all horses. Expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms MHC-I, -IIa, -IIb, and -IIx in each muscle fiber was detected by use of 4 primary monoclonal antibodies: BA-D5, SC-71, BF-F3, and BF-35, respectively. Five muscle fiber types (types I, I/IIA, IIA, IIA/IIX, and IIX) were immunohistochemically identified. The area and activity of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in each fiber type were determined by use of quantitative histochemical staining and image analysis. RESULTS: Although the proportion of type I and IIX fibers did not change with age, the proportion of type IIA and IIA/IIX fibers significantly increased and decreased, respectively, from 2 months to 24 months of age. The increase in proportion of type IIA fibers with growth may have been attributable to muscle fiber-type transition from type IIA/IIX fibers but not from type IIX fibers. Values for SDH activity and fiber area in hybrid fiber types were intermediate to those for their respective pure phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hybrid fibers have an important role for determining the proportion of muscle fiber type in horses < 24 months old, and the metabolic and anatomic properties of the hybrid fibers are well coordinated, as in mature horses. 相似文献
262.
Kasashima Y Kuwano A Katayama Y Taura Y Yoshihara T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(7):577-582
Six live horses with various stages of acute to chronic superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendinitis were examined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In each case, MRI findings were compared to the corresponding ultrasonographic (USD) and histologic findings, to establish the usefulness of MRI. In the acute cases, lesions characterized by hemorrhage were well defined as high signal intensity on MRI and hypoechoic regions on USD. Chronic tendon fibrosis was slightly hyperechoic and difficult to distinguish from the normal tendon tissue around the original injury by using USD. In contrast, MRI visualized the chronic lesion as a low intensity signal, which could be distinguished from the black background of the normal SDF tendon tissue. This study clearly demonstrated MRI was the better imaging modality for the objective detection of chronic scar tissue in live horses. These findings, from living horses, suggest an advantage of MRI in the clinical application to diagnose tendinitis in cases where there is chronic scar tissue that is difficult to discern on USD. 相似文献
263.
Koichi Kashimoto Yoshinori Matsuda Kazumi Matsutani Takeshi Sameshima Koji Kakutani Teruo Nonomura Kiyotsugu Okada Shin-ichi Kusakari Kengo Nakata Susumu Takamatsu Hideyoshi Toyoda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(3):176-185
A single conidium of tomato powdery mildew was isolated from heavily infected leaves of tomato (cv. Moneymaker) grown in
the greenhouse of Kinki University, Nara Prefecture, Japan. It was successively multiplied so the morphological and taxonomic
characteristics of the pathogen and its host range under high humidity conditions could be analyzed. The isolate KTP-01 of
the tomato powdery mildew optimally developed infection structures at 25°C under continuous illumination of 3500 lx. More
than 90% of the conidia germinated and developed moderately lobed appressoria. After forming haustoria, the pathogen elongated
secondary hyphae from both appressoria and conidia. The hyphae attached to leaf surfaces by several pairs of appressoria and
produced conidiophores with noncatenated conidia. In addition to its morphological similarity to Oidium neolycopersici, the phylogenetic analysis (based on the sequence of internal transcribed spacer regions of rDNA) revealed that KTP-01 could
be classified into the same cluster group as O. neolycopersici. In host range studies, KTP-01 produced abundant conidia on the foliage of all tomato cultivars tested and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and it developed faint colonies accompanied by necrosis on leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum), red pepper (Capsicum annuum), petunia (Petunia × hybrida), and eggplant (S. melongena). The pathogen did not infect other plant species including Cucurubitaceae plants, which have been reported to be susceptible to some foreign isolates. Thus, the present isolate of the tomato powdery
mildew was assigned as O. neolycopersici, a pathotype different from foreign isolates of the pathogen.
Received: December 5, 2002 / Accepted: December 26, 2002
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid (12660050) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and
Technology of Japan. We express our deepest thanks to professor Dr. Y. Sato, Toyama Prefectural University, for his kind and
valuable suggestion on taxonomic analysis of the powdery mildew pathogen described in the present study. 相似文献
264.
Yoshihiro Takikawa Yuuki Ishii Keiichi Fujiwara Yoshinori Matsuda Teruo Nonomura Koji Kakutani Yukio Tosa Shigeyuki Mayama Hideyoshi Toyoda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(2):131-137
In combination with lytic infection by virulent phages, a simple method for monitoring transgenic strains of Enterobacter cloacae was developed in this study. First, 15 strains of E. cloacae were used as indicator bacteria to isolate virulent phages with different host ranges. Of the phages isolated, five isolates
(EcP-22, -35, -45, -55, and -70) were used to construct a set of virulent phages corresponding to all strains of E. cloacae. Using this phage set, a rhizosphere strain (KRM-055E) of E. cloacae was effectively screened from field soil. KRM-055E was transformed with a prokaryotic chitosanase gene csnSM1 and infected with the phage EcP-03, which can lyse the strain most effectively. The lysis of KRM-055E/csn occurred 2 h
after inoculation, and the chitosanase activity was simply detected by dropping the lysate onto an agar plate containing glycol
chitosan. The positive signal for chitosanase activity was detected in the 2-h lysates, and the signal intensity reached a
maximum in the 5-h lysate. The present assay was simple, rapid, inexpensive, easy to perform, and applicable to another strains.
Received: August 2, 2002 / Accepted: October 31, 2002
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by a grant (no. 99L01205) from the “Research for the Future” program of the Japan Society
for the Promotion of Science. We are grateful to Dr. M. Sato, National Institute of Agrobiological Science, Dr. H. Okamoto,
Fukui Agricultural Experiment Station, and Dr. K. Tsuda, Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, for kindly
providing E. cloacae strains. We thank Dr. P. Park, Kobe University, for technical support with the electron microscopic observations. 相似文献
265.
Teshima T Hara Y Taoda T Koyama H Takahashi K Nezu Y Harada Y Yogo T Nishida K Osamura RY Teramoto A Tagawa M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(5):487-491
Thrombosis is a potential complication of hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) in dogs. An 8-year-old male Beagle diagnosed with pituitary-dependent HAC had complicated with thrombosis in the caudal vena cava and abdominal aorta, which was treated by hypophysectomy and antithrombotic therapy. After hypophysectomy, hypercortisolemia disappeared and the general condition was also significantly improved. Ultrasonography after hypophysectomy revealed that the thrombus remained in the abdominal aorta, but the thrombus in the caudal vena cava had disappeared. However 692 days after the hypophysectomy, the dog had an acute onset of dyspnea and died. Postmortem examination revealed the presence of thrombi in the abdominal aorta and the pulmonary artery. Observations from this case show that HAC dogs must be attention to thrombosis. 相似文献
266.
Hisanori Itoh Yasushi Hara Natsuko Yoshimi Yasuji Harada Yoshinori Nezu Takuya Yogo Hiroki Ochi Daisuke Hasegawa Hiromitsu Orima Masahiro Tagawa 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(7):701-706
We investigated the epidemiological characteristics of intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) in Japan in a large population using a retrospective study. The sample population was dogs (n=297) with IVDH in Japan. Medical records were reviewed for breed, sex, age, affected interspace and neurological severity. The dogs were comprised of 132 cases of cervical IVDH (C-IVDH) and 165 cases of thoracolumbar IVDH (TL-IVDH). In Japan, the Dachshund, Beagle and Shih Tzu tended to suffer from both C-IVDH and TL-IVDH. The Shiba Inu, a characteristic Japanese dog breed, suffered from both C-IVDH and TL-IVDH, although there was little data relating to the whole breed. Male dogs tended to suffer from C-IVDH and TL-IVDH at a rate almost twice that of females in Japan. Among the three predominant dog breeds, the Dachshund, Beagle and Shih Tzu, the Dachshund tended to suffer from both C-IVDH and TL-IVDH at an earlier age than the Beagle, and the Beagle tended to suffer from both C-IVDH and TL-IVDH earlier than the Shih Tzu. Among the three predominant breeds, the Shih Tzu, in particular, tended to suffer from both C-IVDH and TL-IVDH at multiple sites. Our data from Japan were in partial agreement with previous data from the U.S.A., and epidemiological characteristics of IVDH peculiar to Japan were also identified. 相似文献
267.
Nakayama T Nishijima Y Miyamoto M Hamlin RL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(3):445-450
BACKGROUND: There have been few trials in which dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR) have been treated with various cardioactive drugs to determine effects on left ventricular (LV) function. HYPOTHESIS: Four classes of cardiovascular drugs may improve LV function in dogs with MR without increasing MR. ANIMALS: Nine mature dogs were included in the study. METHODS: MR was produced in 9 dogs. Five months later under butorphanol narcosis, parameters of LV function and left atrial dimension (LAD) were monitored by LV micromanometry and echocardiography/Doppler. Dogs were given (in random order) enalaprilat, nitroglycerine, ouabain, milrinone, and placebo. RESULTS: Nitroglycerin produced no significant change; milrinone and ouabain increased contractility; ouabain decreased heart rate; and there was evidence that enalaprilat and milrinone decreased LAD. Milrinone and ouabain decreased isovolumetric contraction time and therefore the time available for MR. There was no evidence that a positive inotrope increased MR despite increasing LV contractility and stroke volume. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This study contradicts the hypotheses that (1) strengthening the left ventricle may increase MR and (2) treatment of MR (even before symptoms of heart failure develop) may decrease LAD. It is reasonable that strengthening the force of LV contraction should increase the driving pressure for MR; however, this effect did not appear to increase MR. Although some investigators believe that treating dogs with MR with afterload reducers and decreasing hindrance to ejection of blood from the LV to aorta may lengthen life by decreasing MR, there did not appear to be a reduction in MR, at least in response to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. 相似文献
268.
Ookawa K Mochizuki K Shida E Suzuki T Suzuki T Ooba T Matumoto T Hokari Y Hashidume M Yokogoshi H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):633-636
Using an elevated plus-maze test, we evaluated anxiety level in rats given ovary lipid extracted from Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis; OLS). The percentage of open time was significantly higher in rats given OLS than in rats in the control group, but lower than in rats given diazepam (1.0 mg/kg body weight). Based on this fact and findings about other indicators, this study showed that OLS does not have as fast-acting and strong an anti-anxiety effect as diazepam but that continuous ingestion of OLS causes an anti-anxiety effect in animals. 相似文献
269.
270.
Mitsuhiro IRIE Yoshinori TAKEUCHI Yuzo OHTAKE Hitomi SUZUKI Nao NAGATA Takuma MIYOSHI Yumiko KAGAWA Tetsushi YAMAGAMI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1535-1539
A 13-year-old spayed mixed-breed dog was diagnosed with a gastrointestinal
stromal tumor (GIST) after histopathological examination of an abdominal mass. Five months
after surgical resection of the tumor, we detected the recurrence of GIST with multiple
disseminated abdominal lesions. A sequence analysis of cDNA obtained from a biopsy of the
recurrent tumors revealed a mutation within exon 9 of the c-kit gene
(1523A>T, Asn508Ile), which has been shown to cause ligand-independent
phosphorylation of the KIT protein in GISTs and canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). Upon
detection of the recurrent tumors, we initiated treatment with imatinib mesylate (10
mg/kg, q 24 hr). After 2 months, the dog achieved complete remission. Our findings
indicate that canine GIST, and possibly MCT, may be responsive to molecular-targeted
therapy. 相似文献