Breed Differences in Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) in Horses     

Yusuke HORI  Takatoshi OZAKI  Yoshimitsu YAMADA  Teruaki TOZAKI  Heui-Soo KIM  Ayaka TAKIMOTO  Maiko ENDO  Noboru MANABE  Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA  Kazuo FUJITA 《Journal of Equine Science》2013,24(3):31-36

Genetic polymorphisms in genes related to neurotransmitters or hormones affect personality or behavioral traits in many animal species including humans. In domestic animals, the allele frequency of such genes has been reported to be different among breeds and it may account for breed differences in behavior. In this study, we investigated breed differences in horses in the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4), which has been reported to affect horse personality. We collected samples from seven horse breeds including those native to Japan and Korea, and compared the sequence of the DRD4 exon3 region among these breeds. We found that there were two types of polymorphisms (VNTR and SNPs) in the exon3 region, and some of them seemed to be breed-specific. In addition, we found that the allele frequency of G292A, reported to be associated with horse personality, differed greatly between native Japanese horses and Thoroughbred horses. The frequency of the A allele which is associated with low curiosity and high vigilance, was much lower in native Japanese horses (Hokkaido, 0.03; Taishu, 0.08) than in Thoroughbreds (0.62). This difference may account for breed differences in personality or behavioral traits. Further studies of the function of these polymorphisms and their effect on behavior are indicated.  相似文献   

Generalized Alopecia with Vasculitis-Like Changes in a Dog with Babesiosis     

Yumi TASAKI  Naoki MIURA  Keita IYORI  Koji NISHIFUJI  Yasuyuki ENDO  Yasuyuki MOMOI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(10):1367-1369

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Breeding and brewing quality of the Canadian malting barley variety ‘CDC Goldstar’ lacking lipoxygenase-1     

Masahito Nanamori  Yoshiro Tokizono  Takehiro Hoki  Wataru Saito  Ryota Aritomo  Tsutomu Yamaki  Naohiko Hirota  Narushi Suda  Aaron Beattie 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):277

Various types of malt quality profiles have been investigated to benefit the North American brewing industry. Herein, we report the development and brewing quality of the hulled, two-row malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety ‘CDC Goldstar’ lacking lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1-less). This new variety offers a novel malt type for the improvement of beer flavor stability. The agronomic performance of ‘CDC Goldstar’ was tested in the Western Cooperative Two Row Barley Registration Trials during 2013–2014. In addition to high lodging tolerance, the new variety showed 6% higher yield than the current leading variety ‘CDC Copeland’. The malt quality of ‘CDC Goldstar’ showed higher diastatic power and lower wort β-glucan content than ‘CDC Copeland’ and controllable proteolytic modification (soluble nitrogen and Kolbach Index). Pilot- (100 L) and commercial-scale (5,000 L) brewing trials were conducted using ‘CDC PlatinumStar’, another LOX-1-less variety with a low enzymatic profile, as the control variety. Absence of the LOX-1 trait from ‘CDC Goldstar’ maintained trans-2-nonenal levels in aged beers as low as those in other LOX-1-less varieties without affecting major beer parameters, such as ester and aldehyde content or foam stability. The newly developed ‘CDC Goldstar’ malting barley provides added value for the beer industry and consumers.  相似文献   

Larval growth rates differ in response to seasonal temperature variations among clupeoid species inhabiting the Pacific coastal waters of Japan     

Yoshiro Watanabe  Shin-ichiro Ochiai  Kinuyo Fukamichi 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(1):43-51

Growth rates of round herring Etrumeus teres, Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, and Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus larvae respond differently to seasonal temperature variations in Sagami Bay on the Pacific coast of central Japan. Larvae of these three clupeoid species were collected from small seine net catches between February 2008 and April 2009. Correlations between otolith growth increment widths and ambient temperatures were examined at five body sizes and indexed to otolith radii of 50–175 μm, which corresponded to notochord lengths of 15–24 mm. Round herring larvae showed positive correlations between growth rate and habitat temperature at all five body sizes. In contrast, Japanese sardine larvae did not show significant correlations between growth rate and ambient temperature at any of the five body sizes. Japanese anchovy larvae showed significant but weaker correlations between growth rate and temperature than round herring. Although these three species share habitats with some differences in seasonal occurrence in the bay, they showed different species-specific responses to seasonal habitat temperature variations. These differences in response to temperature variations may constitute an ecological basis for different migration patterns among the three species.  相似文献   

Growth rate variability of Pacific saury, Cololabis saira, larvae in the Kuroshio waters   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yoshioki Oozeki  Yoshiro Watanabe  Yutaka Kurita  Kaoru Nakata  Daiji Kitagawa 《Fisheries Oceanography》2003,12(4-5):419-424

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Bidirectional counting of single electrons     

Fujisawa T  Hayashi T  Tomita R  Hirayama Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5780):1634-1636

A bidirectional single-electron counting device is demonstrated. Individual electrons flowing in forward and reverse directions through a double quantum dot are detected with a quantum point contact acting as a charge sensor. A comprehensive statistical analysis in the frequency and time domains and of higher order moments of noise reveals antibunching correlation in single-electron transport through the device itself. The device can also be used to investigate current flow in the attoampere range, which cannot be measured by existing current meters.  相似文献