Analysis of antibody response by temperature-sensitive measles vaccine strain in the cotton rat model     

Haga T  Murayama N  Shimizu Y  Saito A  Sakamoto T  Morita T  Komase K  Nakayama T  Uchida K  Katayama T  Shinohara A  Koshimoto C  Sato H  Miyata H  Katahira K  Goto Y 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2009,32(5):395-406

Measles virus (MeV) vaccine strain, AIK-C, is temperature sensitive (ts), which is thought to be associated with attenuation of virus pathogenicity. In this study, replication and antibody response were examined in cotton rats using viruses carrying different forms of the P gene, which is responsible for the ts phenotype of strain AIK-C and its parental Edmonston strain. When cotton rats were inoculated intranasally, ts viruses neither replicated in lungs, nor reproducibly generated an antibody response. When inoculated intramusculary (i.m.), however, ts strains raised an antibody titer in all animals. This response was not observed when ultraviolet-inactivated virus was used. ts virus, inoculated i.m., was recovered from cotton rat drainage lymph nodes. These results suggest that ts virus, inoculated i.m., could replicate in the cotton rat, presumably at the superficial lymph node, and induce an antibody response. Therefore, cotton rats can serve as a small-animal model for investigating immune responses to safer ts vaccine, as well as recombinant vaccine using AIK-C as a vector for protection against other infectious agents.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic comparison of the collagen network constructions between pig, goat and chicken livers     

Shotaro NISHIMURA  Ayano SAGARA  Ichiro OSHIMA  Yoshitaka ONO  Hisao IWAMOTO  Kaoru OKANO  Hideyuki MIYACHI  Shoji TABATA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(4):451-459

The distribution and three-dimensional architecture of collagen fibers were compared between pig, goat and chicken livers. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that collagen type I was identified in the interlobular connective tissue region and intralobular areas in pigs and goats. Type III collagen was also identified in the interlobular connective tissue region and intralobular sinusoidal walls. In the chicken liver, only the circumference region of the vessels was immunostained with collagen type I and III antibodies and the interlobular connective tissue wall could not be distinguished clearly. In the intralobular region, collagen type I antibody immunoreacted around the hepatic cells but collagen type III antibody immunoreacted weakly. In the NaOH macerated specimen, well-developed collagen bundles formed the prominent interlobular walls in pigs. In contrast, the wall in the goat liver comprised a thin layer of the bundles. In the chicken liver, there were no notable collagen septa between lobules. The intralobular collagen construction was quite different between the animals, indicating a fragile collagen fibril networks in pigs, a robust framework in goats and dense fabric-like septa in chickens. These results indicate that the distinct collagen frameworks may contribute to the histological strength of the livers in each of the animal species.  相似文献   

Onset of individual growth difference in larviculture of Pacific bluefin tuna <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thunnus orientalis</Emphasis> using fertilized eggs obtained from one female     

Takayuki Takebe  Takeo Kurihara  Nobuaki Suzuki  Kentaro Ide  Hideki Nikaido  Yosuke Tanaka  Satoshi Shiozawa  Hitoshi Imaizumi  Shukei Masuma  Yoshitaka Sakakura 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(2):343-350

We conducted a rearing experiment on Pacific bluefin tuna (PBT) larvae, which originated from one female broodstock, and determined the growth history of the larvae to clarify when the growth difference occurs. We investigated the otolith microstructure of the PBT larvae to examine the individual growth history and to predict the age and body size at the onset of individual growth difference. Since total length (TL) of fish can be back-calculated from otolith radius, we back-calculated TLs of 100 fish of 19 days post hatch (dph) divided into three size groups (small, intermediate, large). Growth difference was recognized from 3 dph (mouth opening), and the difference became larger thereafter. Growth of large-size fish was assumed to be promoted by the feeding conditions of PBT larvae.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary taurine levels on growth and feeding behavior of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus     

Shin-Kwon Kim  Toshio Takeuchi  Masahito Yokoyama  Yuko Murata  Masaki Kaneniwa  Yoshitaka Sakakura 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2005,250(3-4):765-774

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary taurine levels on growth and feeding behavior of juvenile Japanese flounder. Three different taurine level diets were prepared by supplementation of taurine (T-0%, 0.5% and 1.5%) to the basal diet. Fish meal washed with 70% ethanol to remove taurine was used as the sole protein source. Feeding experiments were carried out twice at 20 °C by using different size of fish (average body weight: 0.3 g in Experiment I and 3.7 g in Experiment II). The feeding behavior of fish was observed throughout the experimental period. At the end of experiments, fish were killed for amino acids analysis.

The final average body weight and feed efficiency of juvenile Japanese flounder fed the T-1.5% diet was significantly higher than those of fish fed the T-0% diet in Experiments I and II. Abnormal feeding behavior such as multiple feeding while swimming in the water column was observed in the T-0% group in Experiment I. These findings indicate that taurine is essential for normal growth and development of normal feeding behavior of juvenile Japanese flounder.  相似文献   

Migration and spawning behavior of the greater amberjack Seriola dumerili in eastern Taiwan     

Kazuki Tone  Yosuke Nakamura  Wei-Chuan Chiang  Hsin-Ming Yeh  Sheng-Tai Hsiao  Chun-Huei Li  Kazuyoshi Komeyama  Masanori Tomisaki  Takamasa Hasegawa  Takashi Sakamoto  Itsumi Nakamura  Yoshitaka Sakakura  Ryo Kawabe 《Fisheries Oceanography》2022,31(1):1-18

Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) is an important fishery resource with a circumglobal distribution from tropical to temperate waters. Here, we investigated the spawning migration and habitat utilization of S. dumerili in the East China Sea (ECS). Archival tags were attached to 22 adult fish to examine their horizontal and vertical movements and estimate the spawning ground. S. dumerili were captured and released in the coastal waters of eastern Taiwan on November of 2016 and 2017. Information from seven pop-up satellite archival tags and seven depth–temperature recorders was recovered. Almost all of the fish stayed in the Taiwanese exclusive economic zone. Most individuals moved from released site to the southern edge of the ECS and showed behavior associated with the topographic features in winter (November to December). These phenomena may be related to foraging and be driven by oceanographic features such as the seasonal monsoon and the Kuroshio. The fish then migrated to the south offshore area of Taiwan in January and February. During their southward migration, the fish experienced a slowly elevated water temperature regime (SETR), which is one of the environmental factors that induce final oocyte maturation. In the spawning season (February to April), tagged females exhibited continuous diel vertical movements (DVMs) after experiencing the SETR. These continuous DVMs were observed over a wide geographic range from north to south in the Kuroshio off eastern Taiwan. Our study demonstrated that the putative spawning ground of S. dumerili must extend further in a north–south direction than predicted in a previous study.  相似文献   

GnRH systems in masu salmon and barfin flounder     

Masafumi Amano  Kataaki Okubo  Takeshi Yamanome  Yoshitaka Oka  Shoji Kitamura  Kazumasa Ikuta  Akiyoshi Takahashi  Katsumi Aida  Kunio Yamamori 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):19-22

Multiple forms of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exist in teleost fish. A salmonid fish, masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou has salmon GnRH (sGnRH) and chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II). sGnRH neurons were scattered from the olfactory nerve through the ventral telencephalon (VT) and the preoptic area (POA). sGnRH but not cGnRH-II was detected in the pituitary. sGnRH mRNA levels in the VT and the POA increased during gonadal maturation, suggesting that sGnRH neurons in these areas are involved in gonadal maturation. sGnRH neurons were first detected in a cluster near the olfactory epithelium 40 days after fertilization. sGnRH neurons were not detected in the brain by the olfactory epithelia lesion, suggesting that sGnRH neurons are derived from the olfactory epithelium. A pleuronectiform fish, barfin flounder Verasper moseri has sGnRH, cGnRH-II and seabream GnRH (sbGnRH). sGnRH and cGnRH-II-immunoreactive fibers were observed throughout the brain, but not in the pituitary. sbGnRH neurons were located in the POA and sent fibers to the pituitary, indicating that sbGnRH is involved in GTH secretion. Judging from the location of neuronal somata and their projections, it is indicated that three GnRH systems exist in the barfin flounder; the TN-, the MT- and the POA-GnRH system. However, in masu salmon, clear anatomical identification of the TN- and the POA-GnRH system is difficult, because the GnRH neurons located in the ventral forebrain are consecutive and the GnRH form produced in these neurons is the same (sGnRH). Thus, it is suggested in masu salmon that sGnRH neurons are derived from the olfactory epithelium, migrate into the brain and play different roles according to the location in the brain.  相似文献   

Correction to: Tetrodotoxin accumulation conflicts with low salinity tolerance in juvenile tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes     

Sakakura  Yoshitaka  Takeshige  Rise  Takatani  Tomohiro  Arakawa  Osamu  Kaneko  Toyoji  Amano  Masafumi 《Fisheries Science》2023,89(1):29-29

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