Effects of in utero and lactational exposure to the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) dose of the neonicotinoid clothianidin on the reproductive organs of female mice     

Sayaka KITAUCHI  Mizuki MAEDA  Tetsushi HIRANO  Yoshinori IKENAKA  Misaki NISHI  Asuka SHODA  Midori MURATA  Youhei MANTANI  Toshifumi YOKOYAMA  Yoshiaki TABUCHI  Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):746

Recently, developmental exposure to clothianidin (CLO) has been shown to cause reproductive toxicity in male mice, but the effects in female mice remain to be clarified. Pregnant C57BL/6N mice were given a no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) dose of CLO until weaning. We then examined ovaries of 3- or 10-week-old female offspring. In the CLO-administered group, morphological changes, a decrease in the immunoreactivity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), and activation of genes in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway were observed in 3-week-old mice, and decreases of GPx4 immunoreactivity, 17OH-progesterone and corticosterone levels were observed in 10-week-old mice, along with high rates of infanticide and severe neglect, providing new evidence that developmental exposure to CLO affects juvenile and adult mice differently.  相似文献   

Alternaria mycotoxins in weathered wheat from China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li Fq  Yoshizawa T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(7):2920-2924

This is the first report of the natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in Chinese wheat. Wheat kernels were significantly invaded by Alternaria species, mostly A. alternata, with an average infection frequency of 87.3%. A total of 22 samples of weathered wheat kernels from the 1998 crop, representing three locations in the suburbs of Beijing, China, were examined for the presence of Alternaria mycotoxins by high-performance liquid chromatography. Alternariol (AOH) was detected in 20 of 22 samples ranging between 116 and 731 microgram/kg (mean = 335 microgram/kg) and alternariol methyl ether (AME) at a mean level of 443 microgram/kg (range = 52-1426 microgram/kg) in 21 samples. The presence of tenuazonic acid (TA), a major Alternaria toxin in terms of quantity, was detected in all samples analyzed at an average concentration of 2419 microgram/kg with a maximum of 6432 microgram/kg. All samples were free from altertoxin I and altenuene. Samples with high levels of AOH and AME also contain a high level of TA. There was significant linear regression of correlations between the levels of AOH over AME (r = 0.850) and total benzopyrone derivatives (AOH + AME) over TA (r = 0.796).  相似文献   

Phenolic profile, antioxidant property, and anti-influenza viral activity of Chinese quince (Pseudocydonia sinensis Schneid.), quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), and apple (Malus domestica Mill.) fruits     

Hamauzu Y  Yasui H  Inno T  Kume C  Omanyuda M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(4):928-934

To evaluate the phenolic extracts of Chinese quince, quince, and apple fruits, their phenolic profiles, antioxidant properties, and anti-influenza viral activities were investigated. Chinese quince had the largest amount of phenolics consisting mainly of high polymeric procyanidins. Quince had considerable amounts of hydroxycinnamic derivatives mainly composed of 3-caffeoylquinic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid and polymeric procyanidins. Apple (cv. Fuji) had the lowest amount of phenolics, mainly 5-caffeoylquinic acid and monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins. The antioxidant functions of Chinese quince and quince phenolic extracts were superior to that of chlorogenic acid standard or ascorbic acid evaluated in both the linoleic acid peroxidation system and the DPPH radical scavenging system. However, those extracts were less effective than apple phenolics or (-)-epicatechin in linoleic acid peroxidation system. On the other hand, Chinese quince phenolics showed the strongest anti-influenza viral activity on the hemagglutination inhibition test.  相似文献   

Cacao polyphenols influence the regulation of apolipoprotein in HepG2 and Caco2 cells     

Yasuda A  Natsume M  Osakabe N  Kawahata K  Koga J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1470-1476

Cocoa powder is rich in polyphenols, such as catechins and procyanidins, and has been shown to inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and atherogenesis in a variety of models. Human studies have also shown daily intake of cocoa increases plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreases LDL levels. However, the mechanisms responsible for these effects of cocoa on cholesterol metabolism have yet to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the effects of cacao polyphenols on the production of apolipoproteins A1 and B in human hepatoma HepG2 and intestinal Caco2 cell lines. The cultured HepG2 cells or Caco2 cells were incubated for 24 h in the presence of cacao polyphenols such as (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1, and cinnamtannin A2. The concentration of apolipoproteins in the cell culture media was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunoassay, and the mRNA expression was quantified by RT-PCR. Cacao polyphenols increased apolipoprotein A1 protein levels and mRNA expression, even though apolipoprotein B protein and the mRNA expression were slightly decreased in both HepG2 cells and Caco2 cells. In addition, cacao polyphenols increased sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) and activated LDL receptors in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that cacao polyphenols may increase the production of mature form SREBPs and LDL receptor activity, thereby increasing ApoA1 and decreasing ApoB levels. These results elucidate a novel mechanism by which HDL cholesterol levels become elevated with daily cocoa intake.  相似文献   

Inhibitory modes of Kunitz and Bowman-Birk soybean trypsin inhibitors to tryptic and chymotryptic proteinases of tiger puffer and yellowtail     

Kenji Takii  Kohji Kawamura  Motoji Nakamura  Hidemi Kumai  Yasuko Yoshizawa 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(1):52-57

SUMMARY: An inhibitory effect of Kunitz and Bowman-Birk soybean trypsin inhibitors (K- and BB-SBTI) was investigated on tryptic and chymotryptic proteinases of a brood of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata . These assist to comprehend the differences in dietary soybean meal (SBM) utility by fish species and to develop low cost SBM diets with low contents of fish meal. The K-SBTI strongly inhibited tryptic proteinase and weakly inhibited chymotryptic proteinase from the hepatopancreas and intestine including pyloric ceca of the fishes. The BB-SBTI strongly inhibited both proteinases of the fishes. The K-SBTI inhibition for tryptic protease and the BB-SBTI inhibition for tryptic and chymotryptic proteases were relatively constant in tiger puffer with growth of 12–199 g bodyweight. In yellowtail with growth of 7–672 g bodyweight, the K-SBTI inhibition for tryptic protease and the BB-SBTI inhibition for chymotryptic protease were also relatively constant. The BB-SBTI inhibition for yellowtail tryptic protease typically fell in the stage from 7 g to 57 g bodyweight, and then decreased slightly or was maintained constantly. These results indicate that there are different inhibitory modes of K- and BB-SBTI and there is inter- and intraspecific diversity of tryptic protease conformation between the two species.  相似文献   

Chromomycins A2 and A3 from Marine Actinomycetes with TRAIL Resistance-Overcoming and Wnt Signal Inhibitory Activities     

Kazufumi Toume  Kentaro Tsukahara  Hanako Ito  Midori A. Arai  Masami Ishibashi 《Marine drugs》2014,12(6):3466-3476

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Analysis of yield-attributing traits for high-yielding wheat lines in southwestern Japan     

Midori Okami  Hitoshi Matsunaka  Masaya Fujita  Kazuhiro Nakamura  Zenta Nishio 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(3):360-369

Development of wheat cultivars that achieve high yields despite the short growing season is essential for increasing wheat production in southwestern Japan. The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic progress in grain yield and to clarify yield-attributing traits of high-yielding wheat lines in southwestern Japan. We conducted field experiments for two growing seasons (2012–2013 and 2013–2014) using three commercial wheat cultivars (Shiroganekomugi, Chikugoizumi, and Iwainodaichi) and four high-yielding wheat lines including Hakei W1380 developed in southwestern Japan. In an ancillary field experiment, we compared a commercial cultivar, Shiroganekomugi, and a high-yielding line, Hakei W1380, in the 2014–2015 season. Across the two seasons, grain yield of high-yielding lines was generally higher than commercial cultivars. Hakei W1380 achieved the highest grain yield across the two seasons, and successfully produced more than 900 g m^?2 in the 2013–2014 season. Correlation analysis showed that recent yield progress of wheat lines in southwestern Japan was derived from enhanced biomass production and grain number m^?2. Larger numbers of grains m^?2 in high-yielding lines than in commercial cultivars were associated with higher crop growth rate at the pre-anthesis stage, and therefore higher spike dry weight m^?2 at anthesis. Genotypic differences in crop growth rate from jointing to anthesis resulted mainly from differences in leaf area index. These results indicate that further improvements in grain yield in southwestern Japan could be achieved by increasing the amount of radiation intercepted at the pre-anthesis stage and grain number m^?2.  相似文献   

Chloroacetanilide herbicide-induced rat enterochromaffin cell tumors: a case study within the context of the IPCS framework,for analyzing the relevance of a cancer mode of action for humans     

Midori Yoshida 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(3):213

The WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) framework for analyzing the relevance of a cancer mode of action (MoA) for humans (IPCS cancer-HRF) is an application to assess human relevance of tumorigenic hazards found through rodent bioassays. The chloroacetanilide herbicides, butachlor and alachlor, induced enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell tumors in rat stomachs, at the highest doses. This study analyzed the human relevance of this tumor by applying the IPCS cancer-HRF using published data. In a postulated MoA, early key events (KEs) included decreased mucosal thickness in the fundic region, due to reduced parietal cells. The following KEs included increased pH of gastric acid and hypergastrinemia, leading to enhanced cell proliferation and hyperplasia, and resulting in the outcome of an ECL cell tumor. The data showed consistencies in dose-response and temporal concordance with the KEs and specificity in the tumor response, providing strengthened evidence of the KEs. While the early KE was not the same, similar MoAs have already been established for omeprazole and ciprofloxacin. The integrated data indicated that the postulated MoAs were biologically plausible. Alternative MoAs were excluded.. Based on sufficient evidence, an MoA was established in rats. When addressing chemically inducible MoAs of human relevance, KEs of hypergastrinemia and trophic ECL cell hyperplasia were judged to not be qualitatively and quantitatively plausible in humans. The MoA in rats is unlikely to be present in humans; however, the potential effects on parietal cells cannot be excluded. Thus, the IPCS cancer-HRF is very useful for assessing human relevance.  相似文献   

Testicular Mineralization in KK-Ay Mice Treated with an Oxovanadium Complex     

Takayasu Moroki  Yutaka Yoshikawa  Katsuhiko Yoshizawa  Airo Tsubura  Hiroyuki Yasui 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(3):329-333

Vanadium has potential for use in diabetes therapy. Many investigators have reported toxic effects of inorganic vanadium salts; however, there are few reports on toxic effects of oxovanadium(VO²⁺) complexes. Therefore, we studied VO²⁺ toxicity by examining histological changes and measuring the vanadium concentration in the testis after repeated oral administration of bis(1-oxy-2-pyridine-thiolato)oxovanadium(VO²⁺) (VO(opt)₂) for 2 or 4 weeks in KK-A^y mice. Severe mineralization and degeneration/necrosis of the seminiferous tubules were detected after either 2 or 4 weeks of administration. Vacuolar changes in Sertoli cells and the seminiferous epithelia, and hyperplasia of Leydig cells were observed in the testes of some animals. Vanadium concentrations in the mineralized testis were much higher than those in the testis of untreated KK-A^y mice. These results represent the first report of the possibility for seminiferous tubules mineralization induced by VO(opt)₂ administration. Therefore, our research provides important information about the potentially toxic effects of VO²⁺ complexes.  相似文献   

Necrolytic migratory erythema associated with a glucagon‐producing primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma in a cat     

Midori G. Asakawa  John M. Cullen  Keith E. Linder 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(4):466-e110

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