Proteome analysis of whole and water‐soluble proteins in masseter and semitendinosus muscles of Holstein cows     

Mika OE  Mayumi OHNISHI‐KAMEYAMA  Ikuyo NAKAJIMA  Susumu MUROYA  Masahiro SHIBATA  Koichi OJIMA  Shiro KUSHIBIKI  Koichi CHIKUNI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):181-186

To assess both quantitative and qualitative differences between the slow‐ and fast‐type muscles, masseter (slow) and semitendinosus (fast) from four Holstein cows were analyzed by two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) and mass spectrometry. The proteome analysis identified 27 spots as 20 proteins in the whole protein fraction extracted with 8 mol/L urea solution, and 16 spots were identified as 11 proteins in the water‐soluble protein fraction. Two slow‐type myofibrillar proteins (myosin light chain‐1 slow‐b and myosin light chain‐2 slow), and aconitase‐2 mitochondria were present at higher levels in the masseter muscle (P < 0.05). Four fast‐type myofibrillar proteins (myosin light chain‐1 fast, myosin light chain‐2 fast, myosin light chain‐3 fast and tropomyosin‐1), and three enzymes of glycolytic pathway (enolase‐3, aldolase‐A and triosephosphate isomerase), were present at higher levels in the semitendinosus muscle (P < 0.05). Our proteome analysis showed that the composition of sarcoplasmic proteins as well as myofibrillar proteins was clearly different between slow‐ and fast‐type muscles.  相似文献   

Correlation of hematology and plasma chemistry levels in silver crucian carp Carassius langsdorfii     

WORAWUT KOEDPRANG  MASAMICHI NAKAJIMA  MASASHI MAITA  NOBUHIKO TANIGUCHI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):721-728

ABSTRACT: The correlation between hematology and plasma chemistry was examined in natural silver crucian carp Carassius langsdorfii. Three microsatellite DNA markers identified five clonal lines. Blood was obtained from the caudal vessels and analyzed using automatic analysis systems. The correlation between several parameters including erythrocyte count (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), plasma glucose (Glu) and total protein (TP) was assessed by liner regression. Hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct) as a function of the erythrocyte count, hematocrit as a function of the hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) as a function of the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) as a function of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and total protein as a function of triglyceride (TG) were positively correlated for the five clonal lines. Different regression slopes ( b -value) of RBC to Hgb and Hct were found among clonal lines, while no such differences were found among slopes of the remaining regression equation. This phenomenon suggests that the significantly different slopes among parameters, which indicated low genetic influence at the each parameter, clearly detected the genetic influences as the compound effect of these parameters.  相似文献   

Evaluation of S100B in cerebrospinal fluid as a potential biomarker for neurological diseases in calves     

Yuka KOJIMA  Shiori CHIBA  Noriyuki HORIUCHI  Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI  Hisashi INOKUMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(5):605-607

S100B in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-S100B) was measured in calves with 20 neurologic and 21 non-neurologic diseases to clarify its utility as a biomarker for neurologic diseases. The median CSF-S100B value in the neurologic disease group (43.0 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in the non-neurologic disease group (10.2 ng/ml). As CSF-S100B levels in calves with neurologic diseases widely differed, the utility of CSF-S100B as a diagnostic marker for neurologic diseases in cattle remains inconclusive.  相似文献   

Endostatin inhibits bradykinin-induced cardiac contraction     

Jumpei YASUDA  Lila TAKADA  Yuka KAJIWARA  Muneyosi OKADA  Hideyuki YAMAWAKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1391-1395

.Endogenous fragments of extracellular matrix are known to possess various biological effects. Levels of endostatin, a fragment of collagen type XVIII, increase in certain cardiac diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infarction. However, the influence of endostatin on cardiac contraction has not been clarified. In the present study, we investigated the effects of endostatin on bradykinin-induced atrial contraction. Isometric contractile force of mouse isolated left atria induced by electrical current pulse was measured. Voltage-dependent calcium current of guinea pig ventricular myocytes was measured by a whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Endostatin (100–1,000 ng/ml) alone treatment had no influence on left atrial contraction. On the other hand, pretreatment with endostatin (300 ng/ml) significantly inhibited bradykinin (1 µM)-induced contraction and voltage-dependent calcium current. These data suggest that endostatin may decrease bradykinin-induced cardiac contraction perhaps through the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channel.  相似文献   

Cell signaling. Stat acetylation--a key facet of cytokine signaling?     

O'Shea JJ  Kanno Y  Chen X  Levy DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5707):217-218

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Functional Analysis of Lysosomes During Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development     

Satoshi TSUKAMOTO  Taichi HARA  Atsushi YAMAMOTO  Yuki OHTA  Ayako WADA  Yuka ISHIDA  Seiji KITO  Tetsu NISHIKAWA  Naojiro MINAMI  Ken SATO  Toshiaki KOKUBO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(1):33-39

Lysosomes are acidic and highly dynamic organelles that are essential for macromolecule degradation and many other cellular functions. However, little is known about lysosomal function during early embryogenesis. Here, we found that the number of lysosomes increased after fertilization. Lysosomes were abundant during mouse preimplantation development until the morula stage, but their numbers decreased slightly in blastocysts. Consistently, the protein expression level of mature cathepsins B and D was high from the one-cell to morula stages but low in the blastocyst stage. One-cell embryos injected with siRNAs targeted to both lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 and 2 (LAMP1 and LAMP2) were developmentally arrested at the two-cell stage. Pharmacological inhibition of lysosomes also caused developmental retardation, resulting in accumulation of lipofuscin. Our findings highlight the functional changes in lysosomes in mouse preimplantation embryos.  相似文献   

Characteristics of divalent minerals extracted from liver of Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus under various experimental conditions     

Joko Santoso  Yuka Ishizuka  Yumiko Yoshie-Stark 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(2):293-301

In relation to the problem of how to utilize the waste from squid processing, we determined the proximate and mineral compositions of liver of the Japanese common squid Todarodes pacificus, and characterized the behavior of divalent minerals, focusing in particular on cadmium removal. The squid liver contained fat (44.0 g/100 g dry matter), protein (13.5 g/100 g dry matter), and ash (2.11 g/100 g dry matter). It also contained the macrominerals sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, as well as the trace minerals iron, zinc, cadmium, and copper. Low- and high-pH treatments (pH 2 and 12) removed the cadmium entirely, but the trace minerals zinc, iron, and copper, as well as soluble protein, which are all important for proper functioning of the human organism, were also removed in large quantities. High percentages of soluble minerals and soluble protein were found in the low molecular weight (MW < 10,000) fraction. The solubility of zinc and copper were strongly related to the solubility of cadmium, but there was no relationship between the solubilities of magnesium and cadmium. On the other hand, while treatment with either 0.9 % NaCl or 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) also removed the cadmium completely, it left some useful compounds (trace minerals and soluble protein) in the solid part, so these treatments may represent appropriate methods for removing cadmium from squid processing waste.  相似文献   

Characteristics of minerals extracted from the mid-gut gland of Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis at various pH values     

Santoso  Joko  Ishizuka  Yuka  Yoshie-Stark  Yumiko 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(3):675-682

This experiment was carried out to determine the proximate composition of the mid-gut gland (MGG) of the Japanese scallop Patinopecten yessoensis to evaluate the characteristics of divalent minerals and water-soluble protein at various pHs, and to examine Cd-binding protein at different molecular weights. MGG of scallop contained protein, fat and ash of 28.9 g/100 g dry matter, 44.6 g/100 g dry matter and 6.78 g/100 dry matter, respectively. MGG also contained the macrominerals sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, and the trace minerals iron, zinc, cadmium and copper. The solubility of divalent minerals and water-soluble protein was high in both acidic and alkaline conditions, except that magnesium was not affected by acidity. The solubility of copper and iron had a positive correlation with water-soluble protein at all pH values, whereas cadmium had a strong correlation at alkaline pH. Low-molecular-weight water-soluble protein (fraction III, 437.5 < MW < 1,355) bound cadmium strongly in acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions. However, in acidic conditions cadmium had the strongest binding to protein.  相似文献   

Greater disruption due to failure of inhibitory control on an ambiguous distractor     

Tsushima Y  Sasaki Y  Watanabe T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5806):1786-1788

Considerable evidence indicates that a stimulus that is subthreshold, and thus consciously invisible, influences brain activity and behavioral performance. However, it is not clear how subthreshold stimuli are processed in the brain. We found that a task-irrelevant subthreshold coherent motion led to a stronger disturbance in task performance than did suprathreshold motion. With the subthreshold motion, activity in the visual cortex measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging was higher, but activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex was lower, than with suprathreshold motion. These results suggest that subthreshold irrelevant signals are not subject to effective inhibitory control.  相似文献   

Stand-scale transpiration estimates in a Moso bamboo forest: (I) Applicability of sap flux measurements     

Tomonori Kume  Yuka Onozawa  Hikaru Komatsu  Kenji Tsuruta  Yoshinori Shinohara  Toshihiro Umebayashi  Kyoichi Otsuki 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

The applicability of sap flux (F_d) measurements to bamboo forests has not been studied. This study was undertaken to establish an optimal and effective design for stand-scale transpiration (E) estimates in a Moso bamboo forest. To this aim, we validated F_d measurements in Moso bamboos in a cut bamboo experiment. In addition, we analyzed how sample sizes affect the reliability of E estimates calculated from F_d and conducting culm area (A_{S_b}). In the cut bamboo experiments, we found that F_d measurement using a 10 mm probe was a valid means of determining the water-use behavior of a Moso bamboo, although a specific correction was needed. Furthermore, we calculated E from stand A_{S_b} (A_{S_stand}) and mean stand F_d (J_S). Employing Monte Carlo analysis, we examined potential errors associated with sample size in E, A_{S_stand}, and J_S using an original dataset with A_{S_b} and F_d measured for 40 and 16 individuals, respectively. Consequently, we determined the optimal sample size for both A_{S_stand} and J_S estimates as 11. The optimal sample sizes for J_S were almost the same under different vapor pressure deficit and soil moisture conditions. The optimal sample size for J_S at the study site was less than that of a coniferous plantation in the same region probably owing to small individual-to-individual variations in sap flux in the Moso bamboo forest. Our study concludes that sap flux measurements are an applicable technique for assessing water use in Moso bamboo forests.  相似文献