Development of a comprehensive detection and identification molecular based system for eight pospiviroids     

Hironobu Yanagisawa  Yusuke Shiki  Yosuke Matsushita  Moritsugu Ooishi  Naoki Takaue  Shinya Tsuda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,149(1):11-23

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Retort beef aroma that gives preferable properties to canned beef products and its aroma components          下载免费PDF全文

Koshiro Migita  Takao Iiduka  Kie Tsukamoto  Sayuri Sugiura  Genichiro Tanaka  Gousuke Sakamaki  Yasufumi Yamamoto  Yusuke Takeshige  Toshio Miyazawa  Ayako Kojima  Tomoko Nakatake  Akihiro Okitani  Masanori Matsuishi 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(12):2050-2056

The objective of this study is to identify the properties and responsible compounds for the aromatic roast odor (retort beef aroma) that commonly occurs in canned beef products and could contribute to their palatability. The optimal temperature for generating retort beef aroma was 121°C. An untrained panel evaluated both uncured corned beef and canned yamato‐ni beef and found that they had an aroma that was significantly (P < 0.01) similar to the odor of 121°C‐heated beef than 100°C‐heated beef. The panel also noted that the aroma of 121°C‐heated beef tended to be (P < 0.1) preferable than that of 100°C‐heated beef. These results suggest that retort beef aroma is one constituent of palatability in canned beef. GC‐MS (gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry) analysis of the volatile fraction obtained from 100°C‐ and 121°C‐heated beef showed that the amounts of pyrazine, 2‐methylpyrazine and diacetyl were higher in the 121°C‐heated beef than in the 100°C‐heated beef. GC‐sniffing revealed that the odor quality of pyrazines was similar to that of retort beef aroma. Therefore, pyrazines were suggested to be a candidate responsible for the retort beef aroma. Analysis of commercial uncured corned beef and cured corned beef confirmed the presence of pyrazine, 2‐methylpyrazine and 2,6‐dimethylpyrazine.  相似文献   

Fast‐to‐slow shift of muscle fiber‐type composition by dietary apple polyphenols in rats: Impact of the low‐dose supplementation          下载免费PDF全文

Wataru Mizunoya  Shinpei Okamoto  Hideo Miyahara  Mariko Akahoshi  Takahiro Suzuki  Mai‐Khoi Q. Do  Hideaki Ohtsubo  Yusuke Komiya  Mulan Qahar  Toshiaki Waga  Koichi Nakazato  Yoshihide Ikeuchi  Judy E. Anderson  Ryuichi Tatsumi 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(3):489-499

Our previous studies demonstrated that an 8‐week intake of 5% (w/w) apple polyphenol (APP) in the diet improves muscle endurance of young‐adult rats. In order to identify a lower limit of the dietary contribution of APP to the effect, the experiments were designed for lower‐dose supplementation (8‐week feeding of 0.5% APP in AIN‐93G diet) to 12‐week‐old male Sprague‐Dawley rats. Results clearly showed that the 0.5% APP diet significantly up‐regulates slower myosin‐heavy‐chain (MyHC) isoform ratios (IIx and IIa relative to total MyHC) and myoglobin expression in lower hind‐limb muscles examined (P < 0.05). There was a trend to increased fatigue resistance detected from measurements of relative isometric plantar‐flexion force torque generated by a stimulus train delivered to the tibial nerve (F(98, 1372) = 1.246, P = 0.0574). Importantly, there was no significant difference in the animal body‐phenotypes or locomotor activity shown as total moving distance in light and dark periods. Therefore, the present study encourages the notion that even low APP‐intake may increase the proportions of fatigue‐resistant myofibers, and has promise as a strategy for modifying performance in human sports and improving function in age‐related muscle atrophy.  相似文献   

Determination of three-dimensional viscoelastic compliance in wood by tensile creep test     

Yusuke Taniguchi  Kosei Ando  Hiroyuki Yamamoto 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(1):82-84

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Spontaneous histiocytic sarcoma of the popliteal lymph node in a young sprague-dawley rat     

Kemmochi Y  Takahashi A  Miyajima K  Yasui Y  Tanoue G  Shoda T  Kakimoto K 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2010,23(3):161-164

The present report describes a rare case of spontaneous primary histiocytic sarcoma of the popliteal lymph node in a 19-week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. At necropsy, a 10 mm-diameter whitish nodule was found at the site of the femoral muscle in the right hindlimb. Histopathologically, the nodule comprised large pleomorphic histiocyte-like cells with abundant eosinophilic or foamy cytoplasm. Multinucleated giant cells, necrotic foci surrounded by palisading arrays of epithelioid histiocyte-like cells and phagocytosis of cell debris or erythrocytes by the neoplastic cells were occasionally observed. Invasion of the tumor cells into the surrounding adipose tissue was found focally, but there were no distal metastases. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, CD68 (ED1) and lysozyme. We concluded that this tumor occurred in the popliteal lymph node, considering the anatomical location of the lesion and the presence of the remnants of lymphoid tissue involved in the tumor.  相似文献   

Metabolomic Analysis of Blood Plasma after Oral Administration of N-acetyl-d-Glucosamine in Dogs     

Tomohiro Osaki  Seiji Kurozumi  Kimihiko Sato  Taro Terashi  Kazuo Azuma  Yusuke Murahata  Takeshi Tsuka  Norihiko Ito  Tomohiro Imagawa  Saburo Minami  Yoshiharu Okamoto 《Marine drugs》2015,13(8):5007-5015

N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is a monosaccharide that polymerizes linearly through (1,4)-β-linkages. GlcNAc is the monomeric unit of the polymer chitin. GlcNAc is a basic component of hyaluronic acid and keratin sulfate found on the cell surface. The aim of this study was to examine amino acid metabolism after oral GlcNAc administration in dogs. Results showed that plasma levels of ectoine were significantly higher after oral administration of GlcNAc than prior to administration (p < 0.001). To our knowledge, there have been no reports of increased ectoine concentrations in the plasma. The mechanism by which GlcNAc administration leads to increased ectoine plasma concentration remains unclear; future studies are required to clarify this mechanism.  相似文献   

Protective Effect of Chitin Urocanate Nanofibers against Ultraviolet Radiation     

Ikuko Ito  Toshikazu Yoneda  Yoshihiko Omura  Tomohiro Osaki  Shinsuke Ifuku  Hiroyuki Saimoto  Kazuo Azuma  Tomohiro Imagawa  Takeshi Tsuka  Yusuke Murahata  Norihiko Ito  Yoshiharu Okamoto  Saburo Minami 《Marine drugs》2015,13(12):7463-7475

Urocanic acid is a major ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chromophore. Chitins are highly crystalline structures that are found predominantly in crustacean shells. Alpha-chitin consists of microfibers that contain nanofibrils embedded in a protein matrix. Acid hydrolysis is a common method used to prepare chitin nanofibrils (NFs). We typically obtain NFs by hydrolyzing chitin with acetic acid. However, in the present study, we used urocanic acid to prepare urocanic acid chitin NFs (UNFs) and examined its protective effect against UVB radiation. Hos: HR-1 mice coated with UNFs were UVB irradiated (302 nm, 150 mJ/cm²), and these mice showed markedly lower UVB radiation-induced cutaneous erythema than the control. Additionally, sunburn cells were rarely detected in the epidermis of UNFs-coated mice after UVB irradiation. Although the difference was not as significant as UNFs, the number of sunburn cells in mice treated with acetic acid chitin nanofibrils (ANFs) tended to be lower than in control mice. These results demonstrate that ANFs have a protective effect against UVB and suggest that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of NFs influence the protective effect of ANFs against UVB radiation. The combination of NFs with other substances that possess UV-protective effects, such as urocanic acid, may provide an enhanced protective effect against UVB radiation.  相似文献   

Growth behavior of suckers derived from transplanted sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)     

Keita Nabeya  Takayuki Nakajima  Yusuke Goto 《Plant Production Science》2016,19(3):340-347

During the growth of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.), primary suckers appear from the main stem (MS) of transplanted suckers. Then, secondary suckers appear from the primary suckers. After the MS (trunk) is first harvested 10 and several years after transplantation, trunks can be harvested persistently using the primary, secondary, and subsequent suckers, which are designated as derivative suckers, growing with the MS. However, little knowledge exists about the growth behavior of derivative suckers. This study clarified how derivative suckers, especially the primary and secondary suckers, spread in the horizontal direction, and how they form a plant with the MS during the creeping growth stage. Most derivative suckers crept in the direction of about 70° subtended by the mother stem. However, two primary suckers that appeared early after transplantation crept in an obtuse angle to the creeping direction of the MS. As the reason for this obtuse angle direction, we considered the following four factors: (1) the existence of petiole, (2) distance from the sucker to the ground surface, (3) enlargement of the MS, and (4) space for sucker growth. The growth behaviors of the two primary suckers and the other derivative suckers differed. Therefore, in sago palm cultivation, the two primary suckers which appeared first from the MS were very important for formation of the framework of the plant with the MS, in terms of efficient utilization of space for the growth of derivative suckers.  相似文献   

Novel fluorescence detection of free radicals generated in photolysis of fenvalerate     

Suzuki Y  Katagi T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(22):10811-10816

Photoinduced decarboxylation via homolytic cleavage of the ester linkage generating two benzyl radicals being recoupled is known to be a major photolytic pathway of the insecticide fenvalerate in aqueous or organic solvents. A highly sensitive and selective fluorescence spectroscopic method was applied to detect these radicals generated under xenon lamp irradiation in organic solvents and aqueous acetonitrile solutions. The short-lived radicals were efficiently trapped by the nitroxide free radical having a primary amino group, and the resultant diamagnetic adducts were instantaneously derivatized with fluorescamine as a fluorescent probe. The highly fluorescent derivatives were successfully separated and detected by a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector, and their structures were individually identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

Greenhouse gases emission from paddy soil during the fallow season with and without winter flooding in central Japan     

Yusuke Kudo  Kosuke Noborio  Naoto Shimoozono  Ryuki Kurihara  Hayato Minami 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(1):217-220

Many papers on measurements of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission in rice paddies during a rice cropping season have been published. During a non-cropping season between Nov. and Apr., we investigated direct and indirect GHGs emissions in rice paddies. The indirect GHGs emission was evaluated as the amount of dissolved gases leaching from the paddy fields. Water management practices for the experiment were (1) continuous flooding (CF) and (2) non-flooding (NF). Although the direct CO₂ emission in the CF treatment was remained nearly zero during the non-cropping period, direct CO₂ emission in the NF treatment was continuously observed throughout the non-cropping period. The concentration of dissolved N₂O in the NF treatment was below the detection limit of the instrument during the non-cropping period except immediately after the flooding and before the drainage. The concentration of dissolved N₂O kept approximately 2 µg L^?1 during the non-cropping period in the CF treatment. The direct CH₄ emission and dissolved CH₄ were not observed during the non-cropping period. Total gas emission in the NF treatment was 10 times as large as that in the CF treatment. Direct CO₂ emission accounted for more than 90 % of the total emission in both treatments.  相似文献