利用生物性状检测青蒿的遮阴性能   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

潘婷立杨治国  熊姝淋高江原 《中国农学通报》2010,26(22):175-178

试验采取盆栽,三次重复,以2个不同青蒿为材料,在遮阴和正常两个条件下,利用生物性状检测青蒿的遮阴性能。结果表明,遮阴条件下,青蒿地上部干重、地下部干重、株高、叶面积、叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量和青蒿素含量均减少,经过方差分析,2个青蒿材料各项指标遮阴和正常两个条件下差异显著, 青蒿叶片青蒿素与地上部干重、叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素达1%显著相关。  相似文献   

巴西橡胶树热研88-13和热研8-79品种的核型分析     

倪燕妹  马帅  李哲 《中国农学通报》2010,26(3):286-290

本研究采用常规压片法对巴西橡胶树高产品种热研88-13和热研8-79的染色体数目和核型进行了研究。结果表明,热研88-13与热研8-79的体细胞染色体数目均为2n = 36,热研88-13的核型公式为2n = 2x = 36 =28m + 8sm (4 SAT),热研8-79的核型公式为2n = 2x = 36 = 28 m + 8sm (2 SAT),二者均属于Stebbins核型的2B型。  相似文献   

秸秆还田与氮肥配施对春玉米产量及水分利用效率的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张哲  孙占祥  张燕卿  郑家明  杨宁  冯良山  李开宇 《干旱地区农业研究》2016,34(3):144-152

为了探讨长期玉米秸秆还田与氮肥配施对辽西风沙半干旱区春玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响,在农业部阜新农业环境与耕地保育科学观测实验站利用长期定位试验,设置了4个秸秆还田量水平(0,3 000 kg·hm~(-2),6 000 kg·hm~(-2),9 000 kg·hm~(-2))与两个施氮肥水平(210 kg·hm~(-2),420 kg·hm~(-2)),共8个处理。结果表明,连续秸秆还田与氮肥配施可以显著增加玉米的群体生物产量(P0.05)和经济产量(P0.05),2013年(平水年)和2014年(枯水年)的产量均为C3N1处理最高,分别为14 719.95 kg·hm~(-2)和12 397.95 kg·hm~(-2),大小顺序为C3N1C3N2C2N1C2N2C1N2C1N1C0N2C0N1;秸秆还田可以充分利用作物生育期降水,提高降水利用效率和作物水分利用效率,2 a的研究结果显示,C3N1处理的水分利用效率最高,在生物产量和子粒产量水分利用效率方面,2013年与2014年分别比最低的C0N1处理高26.83%、43.15%和44.64%、70.55%,两年平均水分利用效率的大小顺序与生物产量相同。综合分析认为,秸秆量9 000 kg·hm~(-2)、氮肥量210 kg·hm~(-2)是提高该区域类型土地生产力和农田水分利用效率的较优方案。  相似文献   

柴油机高压共轨系统轨压模糊控制与试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

辛喆  李亚平  张云龙  牛健彬  赵绪龙 《农业工程学报》2016,32(Z1):34-41

为了改善发动机的冷起动性能以及有利于各工况切换时喷油的精确控制,该文针对采用高压共轨系统的柴油机,建立了基于模型的轨压控制策略,首先分析推导其数学模型;然后利用MATLAB/Simulink建立了轨压控制模型,轨压控制设计了前馈控制加反馈控制的轨压控制器,轨压反馈控制设计了传统的增量式PID(比例-积分-微分,proportion-integration-differentiation)控制器和模糊自适应PID控制器;最后对轨压控制模型进行了离线仿真验证;在此基础上利用硬件在环系统进行发动机台架试验,比较了2种控制器的控制效果。仿真和台架试验结果表明,模糊自适应PID控制器在目标轨压突变时的响应性(响应时间小于0.3 s)和跟随性以及稳定工况下轨压的稳定性(稳态误差小于2 MPa)方面都优于传统的增量式PID控制器,从而验证了控制策略模型的正确性。该研究提出的基于模型的轨压控制策略有助于实现柴油喷油的精确控制,可为柴油机共轨技术国产化提供参考。  相似文献   

鄂西贫困县耕地利用转型空间分异及其影响因素   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8  

向敬伟  李江风  曾杰 《农业工程学报》2016,32(1):272-279

耕地利用转型对推动乡村转型发展,促进乡村社会经济水平的提高具有重要意义。为准确分析鄂西贫困县耕地利用转型的空间分异特征及其影响因素,该文从空间形态和功能形态2方面测度了耕地利用转型状况,利用空间自相关模型分析了耕地利用转型的空间分异特征,并利用径向基神经网络模型从人口、经济和产业结构3方面分析了耕地利用转型空间分异的影响因素效用。结果表明:从全局空间自相关来看,鄂西16贫困县2002-2013年耕地空间转型具有显著正相关效应,其中在2002-2005年正相关效应最强;而耕地功能形态转型呈现出逐渐减弱的空间正相关效应。从局部空间自相关来看,鄂西16贫困县耕地空间形态转型的低-低区分布主要在鄂西北地区,高-高区和低-高区主要分布在鄂西南地区;耕地功能转型的局部空间自相关性较低,空间异质性不明显,仅来凤县处于高-高区。在影响因素效用方面,人均固定资产投资和城市化率对耕地空间形态转型的影响效用最大,人口密度和第一产业占比影响效用最低;人口密度和人均固定资产投资对耕地功能形态转型的影响效用最大,城市化率、人均GDP、第一产业占比等影响因素效用较低。在影响因素的调控过程中,因素的影响效用与耕地利用转型调控程度呈正相关,因素的影响效用越高,对耕地利用转型调控力度越大。  相似文献   

Optimal dietary alpha‐linolenic acid/linoleic acid ratio improved digestive and absorptive capacities and target of rapamycin gene expression of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)          下载免费PDF全文

Y.‐Y. Zeng  W.‐D. Jiang  Y. Liu  P. Wu  J. Zhao  J. Jiang  S.‐Y. Kuang  L. Tang  W.‐N. Tang  Y.‐A. Zhang  X.‐Q. Zhou  L. Feng 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2016,22(6):1251-1266

Growth performance, digestive and absorptive capacities and target of rapamycin (TOR), ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eIF4E‐binding protein (4E‐BP) gene expression in the hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) fed graded ratios of dietary alpha‐linolenic acid/linoleic acid (ALA/LNA) (0.01, 0.34, 0.68, 1.03, 1.41, 1.76 and 2.15) for 60 days were investigated. The results showed that ALA/LNA ratio of 1.03 significantly improved (i) per cent weight gain (PWG) and feed efficiency, (ii) hepatopancreatic trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase and intestinal creatine kinase (CK) activities, (iii) hepatopancreatic trypsinogen‐2 and chymotrypsinogen mRNA levels. Meanwhile, fish fed with ALA/LNA ratio of 0.68 significantly enhanced, (iv) Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase activities in whole intestine, and alkaline phosphatase activities in the proximal intestine (PI) and distal intestine, (v) amylase, intestinal Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase alpha‐subunit isoform 1, Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase alpha‐subunit isoform 8 and CK mRNA abundances, (vi) TOR and S6K1 gene expression in the hepatopancreas and intestine of juvenile grass carp. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of PWG, cholecystokinin and leptin contents in the PI, optimal dietary ALA/LNA ratio of juvenile grass carp (8.78–72.00 g) was estimated to be 1.08, 1.19 and 1.05, respectively.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of l‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate as an ascorbic acid source for sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus          下载免费PDF全文

Tong‐Jun Ren  Ming‐Ling Liao  Yu‐Zhe Han  Yuan‐Li Li  Zhi‐Qiang Jiang  Fu‐Qiang Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(8):2594-2606

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the adequate dietary ascorbic acid (AsA) levels and the effects on growth, meat quality and antioxidant status of sea cucumber (10.04 ± 0.06 g), Apostichopus japonicus. l ‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate (35% AsA equivalent) was supplemented separately to the basal diet to obtain five AsA levels, 0, 598, 1473, 4676 and 14340 mg kg^?1 diet respectively. After 60‐day feeding trial, the sea cucumbers fed diets containing 598 and 1473 mg AsA kg^?1 showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain and specific growth rate values than the sea cucumbers fed control diets. The sea cucumbers fed diets containing 1473 and 4676 mg AsA kg^?1 showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) hydroxyproline contents than those of the sea cucumbers fed diets containing 0 and 598 mg AsA kg^?1. Antioxidant enzymes such as total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase showed increasing trends with the increasing dietary AsA levels, but no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed when the sea cucumbers fed diets with high dietary AsA levels. The content of malondialdehyde had the opposite trend of antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, the adequate dietary AsA level focusing on growth performance of sea cucumber is between 598 and 1473 mg kg^?1 diet. Furthermore, high level of dietary AsA (between 598 and 4676 mg kg^?1 diet) improved meat quality and antioxidant status.  相似文献   

基于芯片数据和整合分析研究奶牛乳房炎的关键通路     

赵静  陈振亮  王振  张哲  肖倩  管毓渝  孙浩  刘光磊  张向喆  潘玉春  廖荣荣  王起山 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):862-869

奶牛乳房炎是奶牛的常见病和多发病之一,给奶牛业带来巨大的经济损失,严重制约着奶牛业的发展。为了进一步了解乳房炎的调控机理,对已发表的5套大肠杆菌感染奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的表达谱芯片数据统一进行预处理,并整合大肠杆菌感染1、6、24 h的基因富集分析,以期得到更可靠的影响奶牛乳房炎的关键基因和通路。结果发现,感染1、6和24 h数据集的分析结果中共同下调通路分别为9、30和17个,分析结果确定了一些奶牛乳房炎相关的通路及基因,为进一步揭示其调控机理提供参考。  相似文献   

Expression and Characterization of a Novel Cold-Adapted and Stable β-Agarase Gene agaW1540 from the Deep-Sea Bacterium Shewanella sp. WPAGA9     

Wenxin Wang  Jianxin Wang  Ruihua Yan  Runying Zeng  Yaqiang Zuo  Dingquan Wang  Wu Qu 《Marine drugs》2021,19(8)

The neoagaro-oligosaccharides, degraded from agarose by agarases, are important natural substances with many bioactivities. In this study, a novel agarase gene, agaW1540, from the genome of a deep-sea bacterium Shewanella sp. WPAGA9, was expressed, and the recombinant AgaW1540 (rAgaW1540) displayed the maximum activity under the optimal pH and temperature of 7.0 and 35 °C, respectively. rAgaW1540 retained 85.4% of its maximum activity at 0 °C and retained more than 92% of its maximum activity at the temperature range of 20–40 °C and the pH range of 4.0–9.0, respectively, indicating its extensive working temperature and pH values. The activity of rAgaW1540 was dramatically suppressed by Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺, whereas Fe²⁺ displayed an intensification of enzymatic activity. The K_m and V_max of rAgaW1540 for agarose degradation were 15.7 mg/mL and 23.4 U/mg, respectively. rAgaW1540 retained 94.7%, 97.9%, and 42.4% of its maximum activity after incubation at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C for 60 min, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography and ion chromatography analyses verified that rAgaW1540 is an endo-acting β-agarase that degrades agarose into neoagarotetraose and neoagarohexaose as the main products. The wide variety of working conditions and stable activity at room temperatures make rAgaW1540an appropriate bio-tool for further industrial production of neoagaro-oligosaccharides.  相似文献   

Changes in soil nitrogen availability due to stand development and management practices on semi‐arid sandy lands,in northern China     

F. S. Chen  D. H. Zeng  T. J. Fahey 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2009,20(5):481-491

Soil nitrogen (N) availability is one of the limiting factors for plant growth on sandy lands. Little is known about impacts of afforestation on soil N availability and its components in southeastern Keerqin sandy lands, China. In this study, we measured N transformation under sandy Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv.) plantations of different ages (grassland, young, middle‐aged, close‐to‐mature) and management practices (non‐grazing and free‐grazing) during the growing seasons using the ion exchange resin bag method. Results showed that, for all plots and growing season, soil NH‐N, NO‐N, mineral N, and relative nitrification index, varied from 0·18 to 1·54, 0·96 to 22·05, 1·23 to 23·58 µg d⁻¹ g⁻¹ dry resin, and 0·76 to 0·97, respectively, and NO‐N dominated the available N amount due to intense nitrification in these ecosystems. In general, the four indices significantly increased in the oldest plantation, with corresponding values in non‐grazing sites lower than those in free‐grazing sites (p < 0·05). Our studies indicated that it is a slow, extended process to achieve improvement in soil quality after afforestation of Mongolian pine in the study area. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献