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71.
Blanco A Moyano R Vivo J Flores-Acuña R Molina A Blanco C Monterde JG 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2006,53(6):286-287
Purkinje cerebellar cells were studied in three Arabian horses aged between 6 and 8 months with clinical disorders in their movements, tremors and ataxia; the occurrence of apoptosis in this cell population was investigated by the (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) method. Both optical and electron microscopical images showed a scant number of Purkinje cells, most of them with morphological features of apoptosis such as condensation of the nucleus and cytoplasm as well as segregation and fragmentation of the nucleus into apoptotic bodies. The TUNEL technique revealed a substantial number (65%) of positive immunoreactive Purkinje cells. 相似文献
72.
Llaudy Mdel C Canals R González-Manzano S Canals JM Santos-Buelga C Zamora F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(12):4246-4252
Micro-oxygenation is usually applied to red wines as a cheaper alternative to oak aging. It has been suggested, however, that micro-oxygenation can also be used to complement oak aging in order to improve the quality of very astringent and herbaceous red wines. In this paper we study how applying the micro-oxygenation technique before oak aging affects the composition and quality of astringent red wines. When this technique is applied prior to oak aging, the wines have a slightly less intense red color and significantly higher levels of combined and free anthocyanins and ethyl-bridged anthocyanin-flavanol pigments. On the other hand, no differences in other newly formed pigments are found. Applying micro-oxygenation before oak aging does not affect the total proanthocyanidin concentration, but it produces wines with a slightly (though significantly) higher mean degree of proanthocyanidin polymerization and a drastically lower astringency. These wines also present a clearer impact of wood aromas. 相似文献
73.
74.
Perla Chávez Christian Yarlequé Hildo Loayza Víctor Mares Paola Hancco Sylvie Priou María del Pilar Márquez Adolfo Posadas Percy Zorogastúa Jaume Flexas Roberto Quiroz 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(2):236-255
Potato bacterial wilt, caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2), affects potato production in several regions in the world. The disease becomes visually detectable when extensive damage to the crop has already occurred. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to test the capability of a remote sensing diagnostic method supported by multispectral and multifractal analyses of the light reflectance signal, to detect physiological and morphological changes in plants caused by the infection. The analysis was carried out using the Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) combined with the Multifractal (MF) analysis to assess the variability of high-resolution temporal and spatial signals and the conservative properties of the processes across temporal and spatial scales. The multispectral signal, enhanced by multifractal analysis, detected both symptomatic and latently infected plants, matching the results of ELISA laboratory assessment in 100 and 82%, respectively. Although the multispectral method provided no earlier detection than the visual assessment on symptomatic plants, the former was able to detect asymptomatic latent infection, showing a great potential as a monitoring tool for the control of bacterial wilt in potato crops. Applied to precision agriculture, this capability of the remote sensing diagnostic methodology would provide a more efficient control of the disease through an early and full spatial assessment of the health status of the crop and the prevention of spreading the disease. 相似文献
75.
Spatial variability in grape yield and quality influenced by soil and crop nutrition characteristics
J. Arnó J. R. Rosell R. Blanco M. C. Ramos J. A. Martínez-Casasnovas 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(3):393-410
Knowledge of spatial variability of soil fertility and plant nutrition is critical for planning and implementing site-specific
vineyard management. To better understand the key drivers behind vineyard variability, yield mapping from 2002 to 2005 and
2007 (the monitor broke down in 2006) was used to identify zones of different productive potential in a Pinot Noir field located
in Raimat (Lleida, Spain). Simultaneously, the vineyard field was sampled in 2002, 2003 and 2007, applying three different
schemes (depending on the number of target vines in different grape yield zones). The sampling carried out in 2002, which
involved different soil, topographic and crop properties (mineral contents in petiole), made it possible to evaluate the influence
of these parameters on the grape yield variability. The zones of lowest yield coincided with locations in which the nutritional
status of the crop exhibited the lowest values, particularly with respect to petiole contents of calcium and manganese. Sampling
systems adopted in 2003 and 2007 (grape quality and soil attributes) confirmed the inverse spatial correlation between grape
yield and some grape quality parameters and, more importantly, showed that the percentage of soil carbonates had a great influence
on grape quality probably due to the reduced availability of manganese in calcareous soils. Site-specific vineyard management
could therefore be considered using two different strategies: variable-rate application of foliar fertilizers to increase
the yield in areas with low production and also foliar or soil fertilizers to improve the quality specifications in some areas. 相似文献
76.
Rodríguez NF Tejedor-Junco MT González-Martín M Santana del Pino A Gutiérrez C 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,105(1-2):144-148
Trypanosoma evansi is the most widely spread of the pathogenic African trypanosomes of animals. The disease (surra) was first diagnosed in the Canary Islands in a dromedary camel in 1997; thus, a control plan was implemented achieving the eventual eradication of T. evansi from most of the infected areas in the Archipelago. However, a little area remains still infected despite the use of the same control measures. To evaluate possible reservoirs in the area a representative sample of domestic ruminants was examined by serological, parasitological and molecular tests. Of a total of 1228 ruminants assessed, 61 (5%) were serologically positive (7 cattle, 21 goats, 33 sheep), but T. evansi could be demonstrated in none of them. According to FreeCalc assessment, cattle and goat populations would be free from disease; however, the results from sheep are not adequate to conclude that the population would be free from disease. As a conclusion, surveillance must be exercised on ruminant farms in the surroundings of the infected area in order to evaluate the possible extension of the disease and their potential role as reservoirs of T. evansi. 相似文献
77.
Jorge Rencoret José C. del Río Ana Gutiérrez ángel T. Martínez Shiming Li Jim Park?s Knut Lundquist 《Wood Science and Technology》2012,46(1-3):459-471
The occurrence and nature of acetate groups in the milled wood lignin (MWL) isolated from birch (Betula pendula Roth) has been addressed by spectroscopic (2D-NMR) and chemical degradative (derivatization followed by reductive cleavage, DFRC) methods. Considerable amounts of acetate groups were present in the MWL preparation. However, 2D-NMR analysis indicated that the lignin polymer is not extensively acetylated and that the major part of the acetate groups is attached to the xylan moieties present in the MWL preparation. Nevertheless, evidence of the presence of minor acetylation of the γ-carbon of the lignin side chain (<3% of both syringyl and guaiacyl lignin units) was provided by DFRC analysis. 相似文献
78.
79.
Collodel G Castellini C del Vecchio MT Cardinali R Geminiani M Rossi B Spreafico A Moretti E 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(3):372-378
In a previous study, we reported the short- and long-term effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation on rabbit sperm quality. This study was aimed at exploring the spermatogenesis of the rabbit model focussing on the possible damages occurring to the testis and ejaculated sperm. Twenty New Zealand White rabbit bucks were divided into two groups. One group was inoculated intra-peritoneally with LPS, the other group, considered as control, was treated under the same conditions with saline only. Semen samples were collected before LPS injection, the 7th, 14th, 21st, 30th, 45th, 60th and 90th day after LPS treatment. Semen parameters were evaluated following international guidelines. The kinetic characteristics of ejaculated sperm were analysed using a computer-assisted sperm analyzer and the ultrastructural characteristics were explored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). On the 7th, 14th and 30th day, testis from treated rabbits and controls were obtained. Testis samples were analysed by light microscopy and TEM. The induced LPS lesions in the testis became evident the 7th day after treatment, with a decrease in germinal cells and with an increase in structurally altered Sertoli cells; normal spermatogenesis was restored on the 30th day. The testicular damages observed on day 7 were probably responsible for the reduction in sperm concentration and motility and the ultrastructural alterations that were detected in the ejaculated sperm on the 14th through the 30th days after treatment. In conclusion, rabbit buck treated with LPS could be a useful model for studying the effect of an induced systemic inflammation on spermatogenesis. 相似文献
80.
Benjamin Lopez-Jimena Esther Garcia-Rosado Kim Dawn Thompson Alexandra Adams Carlos Infante Juan Jose Borrego Maria del Carmen Alonso 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(4):355-362
The distribution of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) antigens was examined by immunohistochemistry in the nervous and non-nervous organs of juvenile European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) during the course of an intramuscular infection. Histological changes resulting from the infection were evaluated from 3 days to 2 months post-infection. The specific antibody response was also studied 2 months post-challenge. Viral proteins were present throughout the experimental period in the retina (inner nuclear layer, ganglion layer, outer limiting membrane, and outer plexiform layer), brain (cerebellum and tectum opticum), and liver (hepatocytes and endothelial cells). These proteins were also observed in the renal tubular cells, white pulp of spleen, and in fibroblasts and cartilage of caudal fin. This is the first report of RGNNV proteins appearing in these organs, where the immunostaining was only detected at certain sampling times after the onset of mortality. Brain and retina of virus-exposed fish showed high levels of vacuolation, while accumulation of fat vacuoles was observed in the liver. RGNNV infection also induced a specific antibody response as measured by an ELISA. In summary, this is the first study demonstrating the presence of viral proteins in cells of caudal fin, kidney and spleen of European seabass. 相似文献