Reclassification of small intestinal and cecal smooth muscle tumors in 72 dogs: clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation     

Maas CP  ter Haar G  van der Gaag I  Kirpensteijn J 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(4):302-313

Objectives— To reclassify canine small intestinal and cecal leiomyoma (LM) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS) into smooth muscle and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) using histologic and immunohistochemical (IH) analysis and to report clinical findings and survival data.
Study Design— Retrospective review of cases.
Animals— Dogs (n=47) with small intestinal (40 LMS; 7 LM) and 25 dogs with cecal tumors (23 LMS; 2 LM).
Methods— Clinical and survival data were reviewed. Tissue sections were reevaluated for light-microscopic malignancy criteria and examined for expression of SMA, desmin, vimentin, S-100, and CD117 (KIT) by immunohistochemistry.
Results— Reclassification resulted in 2 LM, 9 LMS, 19 GIST, and 17 GIST-like tumors in the small intestine and 23 GIST and 2 GIST-like tumors in the cecum. GIST-like tumors were morphologic and IH identical to GIST but lacked KIT expression. No significant difference in survival was observed for tumor type, location, histologic, or IH characteristics; however, dogs with cecal tumors were significantly older in age, presented more commonly with intestinal perforation and peritonitis, and less commonly with weight loss. Cecal tumors had more histologic malignancy criteria than small intestinal tumors. After excision, 1 and 2 year recurrence-free periods were 80.1% and 67.2% for small intestinal and 83.3% and 61.9% for cecal tumors.
Conclusion— Prognosis for intestinal tumors with histologic smooth muscle appearance is good after excision and not related to tumor type, location, histologic, or IH characteristics.
Clinical Relevance— Clinical importance could not be demonstrated for reclassification, but may be for future treatment, of intestinal smooth muscle or stromal tumors.  相似文献   

Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological data of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Armoracia rusticana</Emphasis> P. Gaertner,B. Meyer et Scherb. in Hungary and Romania: a case study     

Nóra Papp  Sándor Gonda  Attila Kiss-Szikszai  Tamás Plaszkó  Péter Lőrincz  Gábor Vasas 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(7):1893-1905

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a popular vegetable, spice and medicinal plant. We aimed to collect data about its cultivation, ethnomedicinal and culinary applications in a horseradish-producing region in Hungary and 32 villages in Romania. Horseradish roots are used in ethnomedicine for sore throat, asthma, cough and flu in both areas, alone or in combination with e.g. honey. In Transylvania, additional applications included digestive problems, pleuritis, and rheuma in various forms. The leaf and the grated root is for toothache and fever. Some applications were novel, others matched earlier records from these areas and those of other European countries. In ethnoveterinary practice, the root is used against roaring of horses in all regions. It is traditionally consumed in a soup in Hungary, as pickles, and the leaf in Transylvania. The root samples of the region of interest showed typical chemical pattern of horseradish roots, as shown by GC–MS: allyl isothiocyanate and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate were present in high amounts. The presented ethnomedicinal data are supported by a growing body of scientific evidence—pharmacological data available on the isothiocyanates. Data on antimicrobial activity support use in gastritis (Helicobacter pylori) and dental caries, while data on efficacy in inflammatory conditions justify the applications in diseases asthma and respiratory system infections. Our study presented scientific evidence-supported ethnomedicinal data on horseradish rich in bioactive isothiocyanates.  相似文献   

Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae var. nov.: a fungal agent for the biological control of Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera)     

Robert A. Tanner  Carol A. Ellison  Marion K. Seier  Gábor M. Kovács  Edit Kassai-Jáger  Zsolt Berecky  Sonal Varia  Djami Djeddour  Mool Chand Singh  Ágnes Csiszár  Péter Csontos  Levente Kiss  Harry C. Evans 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,141(2):247-266

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Do dogs talk to each other? Field investigations on dog–dog acoustic communication     

Éva Szabó  Marta Borgi  Csaba Molnár  Péter Pongrácz  Ádám Miklósi 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2009,4(2):59

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Dog as a model for studying conspecific and heterospecific social learning     

Enikő Kubinyi  Péter Pongrácz  Ádám Miklósi 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2009,4(1):31-41

In human communities social learning (i.e., learning by the observation of knowledgeable individuals) plays an important role; it shapes cultures, traditions, and cognition. Dogs seem to be an ideal system for modeling human cognition from the social learning aspect. The present review offers a short overview on the relevant general theories of social learning, discusses the adaptive value of social learning, introduces dog as a model system, presents evidence for different forms of social learning in dogs and argues for practical implications that social learning might have in this species.  相似文献   

Assessment of computed tomography derived cricoid cartilage and tracheal dimensions to evaluate degree of cricoid narrowing in brachycephalic dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Lynda Rutherford  Lee Beever  Mieghan Bruce  Gert ter Haar 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(6):634-646

The aims of this observational, analytical, retrospective study were to (i) obtain computed tomographic (CT) cricoid dimensions (height, width, and transverse‐sectional area), (ii) compare the cricoid dimensions between brachycephalic and mesaticephalic breeds, and (iii) compare cricoid cartilage dimensions between dogs without and affected with brachycephalic airway syndrome. The study is important to help to further evaluate and understand the anatomical components of brachycephalic airway syndrome. Measurements were performed in 147 brachycephalic and 59 mesaticephalic dogs. The cricoid cartilage was found to be significantly more oval in Pugs and French Bulldogs compared to mesaticephalic breeds. The cricoid cartilage transverse‐sectional area was smallest for the Pug and, after adjusting for weight, significantly smaller for Pugs (P < 0.001), Boston Terriers (P = 0.001), and French Bulldogs (P < 0.001) compared to Jack Russell Terriers. The tracheal transverse‐sectional area at C4 of English Bulldogs was significantly smaller than for Jack Russell Terriers (P = 0.005) and Labradors (P < 0.001). The cricoid cartilage transverse‐sectional area:weight ratio was significantly lower in brachycephalic breeds compared to mesaticephalic breeds (P < 0.001). The cricoid cartilage:trachea at C4 transverse‐sectional area for brachycephalic dogs was significantly larger than for mesaticephalic dogs (<0.001), demonstrating that the trachea was the narrowest part of the airway. No significant differences were found for cricoid dimensions between dogs affected with and without brachycephalic airway syndrome. However, large individual variation was found among the brachycephalic breeds and further studies investigating the relationship between cricoid cartilage size, laryngeal collapse, concurrent tracheal hypoplasia, and/or severity of brachycephalic airway syndrome are warranted.  相似文献   

Control of Elymus repens by rhizome fragmentation and repeated mowing in a newly established white clover sward          下载免费PDF全文

G Bergkvist  B Ringselle  E Magnuski  K Mangerud  L O Brandsæter 《Weed Research》2017,57(3):172-181

Control of perennial weeds, such as Elymus repens, generally requires herbicides or intensive tillage. Alternative methods, such as mowing and competition from subsidiary crops, provide less efficient control. Fragmenting the rhizomes, with minimal soil disturbance and damage to the main crop, could potentially increase the efficacy and consistency of such control methods. This study's aim was to investigate whether fragmenting the rhizomes and mowing enhance the control of E. repens in a white clover sward. Six field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Uppsala, Sweden, and Ås, Norway. The effect of cutting slits in the soil using a flat spade in a 10 × 10 cm or 20 × 20 cm grid and the effect of repeated mowing were investigated. Treatments were performed either during summer in a spring‐sown white clover sward (three experiments) or during autumn, post‐cereal harvest, in an under‐sown white clover sward (three experiments). When performed in autumn, rhizome fragmentation and mowing reduced E. repens shoot biomass, but not rhizome biomass or shoot number. In contrast, when performed in early summer, rhizome fragmentation also reduced the E. repens rhizome biomass by up to 60%, and repeated mowing reduced it by up to 95%. The combination of the two factors appeared to be additive. Seasonal differences in treatment effects may be due to rhizomes having fewer stored resources in spring than in early autumn. We conclude that rhizome fragmentation in a growing white clover sward could reduce the amount of E. repens rhizomes and that repeated mowing is an effective control method, but that great seasonal variation exists.  相似文献   

Tree establishment and management on farms in the drylands: evaluation of different systems adopted by small-scale farmers in Mutomo District,Kenya     

Geoffrey Ndegwa  Miyuki Iiyama  Dieter Anhuf  Udo Nehren  Sabine Schlüter 《Agroforestry Systems》2017,91(6):1043-1055

Agroforestry systems in Sub-Saharan African drylands are complex and heterogeneous in nature even under similar biophysical conditions. This can be attributed to household needs and socioeconomic status which influence the species and utility of the adopted trees. This has an impact on the trees establishment and management system through planting or Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR). This study evaluates how trees for different utilities are managed and which socioeconomic factors influence these decisions. The study used primary data collected in Mutomo District, Kenya through a household survey based on a structured questionnaire. A paired sample t-test was done to assess the preferred mode of adopting trees for different utilities while factor analysis was used to characterize the households as either planting trees or practicing FMNR. Multiple linear regression using household regression factor scores as independent variables and socioeconomic indicators as dependent variables was done to ascertain which socioeconomic factors affect tree adoption. The results show that trees planted were mostly exotic species valued for their nutrition and commercial value, while FMNR was used for subsistence products and environmental services. Household size, livestock levels and mobility had a positive correlation with tree planting, while income, access to markets and roads had an inverse correlation. Access to natural woodland, distance to the nearest motorable road and land size had a positive correlation with tree protection. It is hoped that this knowledge will act as a reference point when designing agroforestry projects in similar areas to ensure they are more aligned to specific site and household conditions.  相似文献   

Genome composition of ‘Elatior’-begonias hybrids analyzed by genomic in situ hybridisation     

A. Marasek-Ciolakowska  M. S. Ramanna  W. A. ter Laak  J. M. van Tuyl 《Euphytica》2010,171(2):273-282

Interspecific hybridization of various tuberous Begonia species hybrids with Begonia socotrana results in so-called ‘Elatior’-begonias hybrids (B. × hiemalis Fotsch). In our study, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) has been employed to assess the genome composition in eleven ‘Elatior’-begonias hybrids and their ancestor genotypes. Genomic DNA of tuberous Begonia was sonicated to 1–10-kb fragments, labelled by nick translation with digoxigenin-11-dUTP and used as a probe whereas B. socotrana DNA was autoclaved to 100 bp fragments and used as block. The genome of tuberous Begonia was clearly pronounced in ‘Elatior’-begonias when the probe concentration was ~3.75 ng/μl (150 ng/slide), with 30 times the excess of B. socotrana blocking DNA and stringency of post hybridization washings at 73% (0.1× SSC at 42°C). In ‘Elatior’-begonias hybrids GISH distinguished two groups comprising short (0.6–1.03 μm in length) and relatively longer chromosomes (1.87–3.88 μm) which represent B. socotrana and tuberous Begonia genomes, respectively. The number of chromosomes derived from tuberous Begonia ranged from 14 to 56 and for B. socotrana from 7 to 28 which suggest the presence of different ploidy levels in analyzed ‘Elatior’-begonia hybrids. Intergenomic recombination has not been detected through GISH in hybrids analyzed. Genomic in situ hybridization turned out to be useful to identify the genome constitution of ‘Elatior’-begonia hybrids and thus gain an insight into the origins of these cultivars. This knowledge on the ploidy level and genome composition is essential for further progress in breeding Begonias.  相似文献   

在经济效益与动物福利之间寻找平衡点     

李政萍 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2010,30(4):13-15

动物福利在养猪生产中占据着越来越重要的地位。通过对动物福利进行立法以对养猪生产者进行更多限制是一种不能永远持续的趋势。荷兰Wageningen大学从事家畜研究的Hans Spoolder博士解释了结果将如何满足。  相似文献