Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities     

Dekker A  Dercksen D  Snoep J  van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.  相似文献   

Salvinia plants in trade: what species are we actually talking about?     

Johan L. C. H. van Valkenburg  Laurens F. Piet  Edu Boer 《EPPO Bulletin》2023,53(1):108-116

Incorrect labelling of plants in trade and misidentification are widespread. Likewise, in trade numerous names are being used for the ornamental aquatic plant known as ‘Kariba weed’, but rarely the correct scientific name Salvinia molesta Mitch. For inspection services of EPPO member countries, correct identification of S. molesta has become important since the species was added to the EPPO A2 List and the List of Union concern in accordance with EU regulation 1143/2014 based on an EPPO Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) for the species. Inspections and a targetted survey of Salvinia plants in trade in the Netherlands were performed and additional material was obtained from wild sources in South Africa, Hungary and the United States. Specimen identification was verified by comparison with the herbarium collection at Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden and with the sequences available in NCBI GenBank database. This paper provides the tools to correctly identity the relevant Salvinia species.  相似文献   

Seasonal turnover and insights into the overwintering biology of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in the Canadian Prairies     

Ivan Drahun  Elise A. Poole  Katherine A. Hunt  Willem G. van Herk  Christophe M. LeMoine  Bryan J. Cassone 《Pest management science》2023,79(2):526-536

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Reference intervals for plasma,urinary, and salivary concentrations of free metanephrines in dogs: Relevance to the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma     

Marit F. van den Berg  Hans S. Kooistra  Guy C. M. Grinwis  Sebastiaan A. van Nimwegen  Martijn van Faassen  Ido P. Kema  Erik Teske  Sara Galac 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(1):173-183

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Effect of sirolimus on insulin dynamics in horses     

Demia J. de Tonnerre  Carlos E. Medina Torres  Darko Stefanovski  Mary A. Robinson  Kate L. Kemp  François-René Bertin  Andrew W. van Eps 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(2):703-712

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Water requirement of Aloe vera in a dry caribbean climate     

Willem B. M. Genet  Cok A. M. van Schooten 《Irrigation Science》1992,13(2):81-85

Summary As hardly any data can be found on the water requirement and yield response to water of Aloe vera, an irrigation experiment on transplanted aloe poles was conducted on the Caribbean island of Aruba. Compared to non-irrigated treatments irrigation shows a positive influence on growth, number of developed leaves, raw gel figure and gel production per plant. The amount of irrigation water to apply can be best calculated based on crop coefficients (K_c) between 0.20 and 0.30. Treatment based on a K_c value higher than 0.30 did not further increase production. A lysimeter study conducted over a relatively short period revealed that the crop coefficient for Aloe vera varied between 0.25 and 0.40 which is characteristic of the so-called agave/pineapple group.  相似文献   

Analysis of the uncertainty associated with the estimation of nitrogen losses from farming systems     

Sylvain Payraudeau  Hayo M.G. van der Werf  Françoise Vertès 《Agricultural Systems》2007

This work describes the analysis of the uncertainty linked to the annual direct and indirect losses of different nitrogenous compounds at the scale of a group of farms. The nitrogen (N) forms taken into account are: ammonia (NH₃), nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N₂O), dinitrogen (N₂) and nitrate (NO₃). The gaseous N emissions for the different components of the farms are estimated with a selection of adapted emission factors. The NO₃ losses at the farm scale are calculated as the difference between the surplus of the farm-gate N balance and the gaseous N emissions.  相似文献   

Finding niches for whole-farm design models – contradictio in terminis?     

B. Sterk  M.K. van Ittersum  C. Leeuwis  W.A.H. Rossing  H. van Keulen  G.W.J. van de Ven 《Agricultural Systems》2006

Whole-farm design models quantitatively analyze the effects of a variety of potential changes at the farm system level. Science-driven technical information is confronted with value-driven objectives of farmers or other social groupings under explicit assumptions with respect to exogenous variables that are important drivers of agricultural systems (e.g., market conditions). Hence, farm design is an outcome of objective specification and the potential of a system. In recent publications, whole-farm design modelling has been proposed to enhance (farm) innovation processes. A number of operational modelling tools now offers the opportunity to assess the true potential of whole-farm design modelling to enhance innovation. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is not trivial to find niches for the application of goal-based farm models. Model outcomes appeared not to match questions of farm managers monitoring and learning from their own and other farmers’ practices. However, our research indicates that whole-farm design modelling possesses the capabilities to make a valuable contribution to reframing. Reframing is the phenomenon that people feel an urge to discuss and reconsider current objectives and perspectives on a problem. Reframing might take place in a situation (i) of mutually felt dependency between stakeholders, (ii) in which there is sufficient pressure and urgency for stakeholders to explore new problem definitions and make progress. Furthermore, our research suggests that the way the researcher enters a likely niche to introduce a model and/or his or her position in this niche may have significant implications for the potential of models to enhance an innovation process. Therefore, we hypothesize that the chances of capitalizing on modelling expertise are likely to be higher when researchers with such expertise are a logical and more or less permanent component of ongoing trajectories than when these researchers come from outside to purposefully search for a niche.  相似文献   

The impact of increasing farm size and mechanization on rural income and rice production in Zhejiang province,China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Marrit Van den Berg  Huib Hengsdijk  Joost Wolf  Martin K. Van Ittersum  Wang Guanghuo  Reimund P. Roetter 《Agricultural Systems》2007

Economic growth in China’s agricultural sector lags behind growth in industry and services, creating an ever widening rural–urban income gap. Development of the non-agricultural sectors offers new opportunities for farmers in China’s more advanced provinces such as Zhejiang. Increased income in the urban sector creates markets for new products, and migrating farmers rent their land to those staying. Until now, the prevailing rice-based systems have been managed mainly using manual labour and animal traction, but the larger farms resulting from migration may facilitate, or even require mechanization. In this study, we use a simulation model of the farm household to analyse the effects of increasing farm size and the transition from rice to vegetable production, while also studying the effects of mechanization.  相似文献   

Antibody response to Raboral VR-G® oral rabies vaccine in captive and free-ranging black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas)     

Katja N. Koeppel  Peter Geertsma  Brian F. Kuhn  Ockert L. van Schalkwyk  Peter N. Thompson 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2022,89(1)

Rabies is a zoonotic disease that remains endemic in large parts of southern Africa because of its persistence in wildlife and domestic dog vectors. The black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) is primarily the wildlife vector responsible for rabies outbreaks in northern parts of South Africa. Two trials were carried out to investigate antibody responses to the oral rabies vaccine Raboral V-RG® in black-backed jackals under captive and free-ranging conditions. In captive jackals 10/12 (83%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52% – 98%), seroconverted after single oral vaccination. Nine captive jackals had protective antibody titres (> 0.5 IU/mL) at 4 weeks (median: 2.1 IU/mL; inter quartile range [IQR]: 0.6–5.7) and 10 jackals had at 12 weeks (median: 3.5 IU/mL; IQR: 1.5–8.3) and three maintained antibody titres for up to 48 weeks (median: 3.4 IU/mL; IQR: 2.0–6.3). Four sites were baited with Raboral V-RG® vaccine for wild jackals, using fishmeal polymer and chicken heads. Baits were distributed by hand or from vehicle at three sites in north-eastern South Africa, with an average baiting density of 4.4 baits/km² and at one site in central South Africa, at 0.12 baits/km². This resulted in protective antibody titres in 3/11 jackals (27%; 95% Cl: 6–61) trapped between 3 and 12 months after baiting in north-eastern South Africa, compared with 4/7 jackals (57%; 95% Cl: 18–90) trapped after 3–18 months in central South Africa. This study shows the potential utility of oral rabies vaccination for the control of wildlife-associated rabies in north-eastern and central South Africa, but extensive studies with wider distribution of bait are needed to assess its potential impact on rabies control in wild jackals.  相似文献