Agreement among surgical pathologists evaluating routine histologic sections of digits amputated from cats and dogs.     

Bruce K Wobeser  Beverly A Kidney  Barbara E Powers  Stephen J Withrow  Monique N Mayer  Maria T Spinato  Andrew L Allen 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(4):439-443

Agreement among pathologists interpreting histologic specimens is an area of interest within human pathology, but little work in this area has been reported in the veterinary literature. Agreement among pathologists evaluating routine histologic sections of amputated digits from cats and dogs submitted to multiple diagnostic centers was examined. Histologic sections from surgical specimens were reviewed in a blinded fashion by two pathologists, and a comparison to the original diagnosis, as stated in the diagnostic report, was recorded. A total of 513 cases were reviewed, and complete agreement was reached in 409 (79.7%). Of the 104 instances of disagreement, 77 (74.0%) were considered to be of clinical significance. The diagnosis of keratoacanthoma was disagreed with in 19 of 21 diagnoses (90.4%). No other individual diagnosis was similarly disputed. The overall level of disagreement is large and is similar to that reported in human pathology and suggests that further study of this issue would be useful in veterinary pathology.  相似文献   

Oral eosinophilic granulomas in tigers (Panthera tigris)--a collection of 16 cases.     

John M Sykes  Michael M Garner  Leah L Greer  Nancy P Lung  Rob L Coke  Frank Ridgley  Mitch Bush  Richard J Montali  Ben Okimoto  Robert Schmidt  Jack L Allen  Bruce A Rideout  Patricia A Pesavento  Edward C Ramsay 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(2):300-308

Oral eosinophilic granulomas were diagnosed in 16 tigers (Panthera tigris). All lesions were located on the hard or soft palate and typically consisted of flat or slightly raised circular ulcers. Histologic features of these lesions were essentially identical to those seen in oral eosinophilic granulomas of domestic cats and dogs. No clinical signs were noted in eight cases, though various degrees of inappetence, excessive salivation, and dysphagia were noted in the other eight tigers. Six cases were not treated. Treatment for the remaining 10 cases centered on corticosteroids and additional treatments included surgical removal, cryotherapy, antibiotics, and chlorpheniramine. Treatment with corticosteroids did appear to be effective in some cases, though lesions would worsen after cessation of therapy and no cases were cured. In addition, three cases developed complications possibly related to this corticosteroid therapy. The etiology of these lesions remains unknown, though an underlying allergic condition is likely.  相似文献   

Models for heartwater epidemiology: practical implications and suggestions for future research     

Yonow T  Brewster CC  Allen JC  Meltzer MI 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1998,65(4):263-273

We present a simple model of the dynamics of heartwater that we use to explore and better understand various aspects of this disease. We adapted the Ross-Macdonald model for malaria epidemiology so that we could consider both host and vector populations, and evaluate the interactions between the two. We then use two more biologically detailed models to examine heartwater epidemiology. The first includes a carrier state and host mortality, and the second includes density dependence. The results from all three models indicate that a stable equilibrium with high disease levels is probably the standard situation for heartwater (R0 between 5.7 and 22.4). More than 80% of cattle become infected with heartwater if only 12% of infected tick bites produce an infection in cattle, if tick burdens are as low as only five ticks per host per day, or if tick lifespans are as short as 7 d. A host recovery rate of 30 d results in over 50% of the cattle becoming infected with heartwater. Our analyses indicate that it is quite difficult to prevent the establishment and maintenance of high levels of heartwater in a herd, thereby supporting previous suggestions that any attempts at controlling this disease through stringent tick control regimens are not warranted.  相似文献   

Cleaning of oil-covered birds     

James L. Naviaux  Allen Pittman 《Biological conservation》1973,5(4):292-294

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Calcium oxalate accumulation and soil weathering in mats of the hypogeous fungus Hysterangium crassum     

Kermit Cromack  Phillip Sollins  William C. Graustein  Karen Speidel  Allen W. Todd  Gody Spycher  Ching Y. Li  Robert L. Todd 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1979,11(5):463-468

Fungal mats of Hysterangium crassum (Tul. and Tul.) Fischer occupied a mean of 9.6% of the upper 10 cm of soil developed under a 40–65 yr old stand of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in Oregon. This hypogeous basidiomycete exudes large amounts of oxalic acid, some of which precipitates with Ca in microscopic crystals of calcium oxalate, resulting in a mean CaC₂O₄ content of 82g m^?2 for the entire soil. Soil oxalate concentration was significantly greater within fungal mats (P < 0.01) and soil pH was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than in soil adjacent to mats. The quantity of Ca present as CaC₂O₄ is 0.5 the amount of exchangeable Ca in the soil and exceeds the mass of Ca lost annually in runoff. Scanning electron micrographs show intense chemical weathering, attributable to oxalate attack, in the immediate vicinity of hyphae. X-ray diffraction patterns of clay indicate bulk weathering is more intense within the fungal mats than in adjacent uncolonized soil.  相似文献   

Studies on canine pregnancy using B-mode ultrasound: Development of the conceptus and determination of gestational age   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

G.C.W. England  W. Edward Allen  D. J. Porter 《The Journal of small animal practice》1990,31(7):324-329

Development of the conceptus was characterised using B-mode ultrasound in a standard size of dog (labrador retrievers, golden retrievers and their crosses; weight range 22 to 30 kg). Growth curves were established for various measurements of the conceptuses. Regression equations allowed the prediction of the expected time of parturition. Multiple regression analysis of two measurements (biparietal diameter and trunk diameter) resulted in an increase in the confidence of prediction.  相似文献   

Developmental comparisons of boars and barrows: II. Body composition and bone development     

B K Knudson  M G Hogberg  R A Merkel  R E Allen  W T Magee 《Journal of animal science》1985,61(4):797-801

Differences in total carcass bone, muscle and fat, and linear measurements of the tibia and radius were evaluated in barrows at 105 kg and boars at 105, 118, 132 and 145 kg live body weight. The carcasses of five replicates were physically separated into skin, bone and soft tissues, and the linear measurements of the tibia and radius were obtained on seven replicates. At live weight of 105 kg, boars did not differ significantly in fat-free muscle, but they had 33.2% less fat, 11% greater bone weight and 14% greater skin weight than barrows. At 145 kg, boars had total carcass fat weight comparable with 105-kg barrows. Fat-free muscle, bone and skin weight of boars increased at linear rates of .41, .083 and .104 kg/kg of body weight increase from 105 to 145 kg, respectively. At 105 kg, density and length of the tibia and radius did not differ between boars and barrows. The tibia of boars were heavier than those of barrows at 105 kg, resulting in a greater ratio of tibia weight to length (indirect measure of bone thickness). As boars increased in live weight from 105 to 145 kg, total weight and length of the tibia and radius increased linearly. The ratio of weight to length of the tibia and radius increased during this 40-kg weight gain, indicating that weight of both bones increased at a greater rate than length. These results indicate that boars and barrows have the same weight of total carcass fat when boars are 40 kg heavier than the barrows. The greater bone weight of boar carcasses compared with barrows is due to greater bone thickness.  相似文献   

Two-dimensional thin layer chromatography of aflatoxins in figs     

L Allen 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1974,57(6):1398-1401

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Identification and anatomic categorization of the vascular patterns to the pelvic limb muscles of dogs     

J N Chambers  P T Purinton  S W Allen  J L Moore 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(2):305-313

The vascular patterns to pelvic limb muscles were studied in 6 dogs (12 limbs) to identify muscles most suitable for transposition in the treatment of large wounds. Gross dissection of injected specimens and angiography were used to identify the vascular pedicles. The vascular pedicles to several muscles were generally consistent, and any variations would not interfere with most muscle transfers. The cranial part of the sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus, and rectus femoris muscles were identified as suitable candidates for transfer. The caudal part of the sartorius, cranial tibial, and long digital extensor muscles have segmentalized vascular patterns that would limit its arc of rotation.  相似文献   

Effects of aspirin and propranolol alone and in combination on hemostatic determinants in the healthy cat     

D G Allen  I B Johnstone  S Crane 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(3):660-663

The effects of aspirin (75 mg orally/average-size cat) and propranolol (5 mg orally every 8 hours/average-size cat) alone and in combination on hemostatic determinants in healthy cats were studied. In cats, aspirin alone did not cause a significant effect in platelet numbers, plasma fibrinogen, activated partial thromboblastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, or platelet aggregation response to adenosine diphosphate. Aspirin did, however, significantly reduce the degree of aggregation induced by acid soluble collagen. Propranolol alone or in combination with aspirin did not cause a significant effect on platelet numbers, plasma fibrinogen, activated partial thromboblastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, or platelet aggregation in response to acid soluble collagen, adenosine diphosphate, or adrenaline. It was concluded that aspirin alone at the recommended dosage of one-quarter of a 5-grain tablet (1.25 grains or 75 mg) every other day will significantly affect platelet function and may be of value in the prevention of thromboembolic disease in the cat.  相似文献