Antibodies to soluble liver antigen and α-enolase in patients with autoimmune hepatitis     

Bogdanos DP  Gilbert D  Bianchi I  Leoni S  Mitry RR  Ma Y  Mieli-Vergani G  Vergani D 《Journal of Autoimmune Diseases》2004,1(1):4

BACKGROUND: Antibodies to a cytosolic soluble liver antigen (SLA) are specifically detected in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The target of anti-SLA has been identified as a ~50 kDa UGA serine tRNA-associated protein complex (tRNP(Ser)Sec), through the screening of cDNA libraries. A recent report questioned the identity of tRNP(Ser)Sec as the real SLA antigen. The latter study identified alpha-enolase as a major anti-SLA target, through proteomic analysis. METHODS: In an attempt to explain the observed discrepancy we have investigated reactivity of SLA positive sera against alpha-enolase and tRNP(Ser)Sec using rat and primate liver homogenate and the recombinant antigens. Thirty-three serum samples, 11 from SLA-positive patients and 22 from SLA negative controls were investigated. SLA antibodies were detected by an inhibition ELISA and confirmed by immunoblot using human liver homogenate. Autoantibody reactivity was further evaluated using preparations of primate and rat liver homogenates. Anti-alpha-enolase antibody reactivity has been tested by immunoblot using recombinant alpha-enolase. An affinity purified goat polyclonal anti-alpha-enolase IgG antibody was used as reference serum sample. Anti-tRNP(Ser)Sec antibody reactivity was detected by ELISA or dot blot using recombinant tRNP(Ser)Sec antigen. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The affinity purified IgG antibody directed to human alpha-enolase gave a band of approximately 48 kDa in both human and rat liver homogenates. A high titre anti-tRNP(Ser)Sec antibody serum gave a single band of ~50 kDa in both liver preparations. All but one anti-SLA antibody positive sera reacted with a ~50 kDa but none immunofixed a 48 kDa band. All anti-SLA antibody positive sera reacted strongly with the recombinant full length tRNP(Ser)Sec protein. None of the anti-SLA negative sera reacted with tRNP(Ser)Sec. Anti-SLA positive, and anti-SLA negative sera reacted equally against recombinant alpha-enolase by immunoblot. Pre-incubation of anti-SLA positive sera with tRNP(Ser)Sec completely abolished the 50 kDa band. The findings of the present study indicate that alpha-enolase and tRNP(Ser)Sec are both expressed in primate and rat liver and have a respective MW of 48 and 50 kDa. They also show that anti-tRNP(Ser)Sec - but not anti-alpha-enolase - correlates with anti-SLA antibody reactivity. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that tRNP(Ser)Sec is the most likely target of anti-SLA.  相似文献   

Ultrasonographic and Endocrine Characterization of Follicular Waves in Llamas with a Special Reference to the Overlapping Phenomenon During Successive Waves     

MV Cavilla  CP Bianchi  C Maistruarena  MA Aba 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):923-930

Ovarian follicular growth in non‐mated llamas occurs in successive waves that generally superimpose their origin on the regression of the preceding wave (overlapping), originating prolonged sexual receptivity in the species. The aim of this study was to perform an ultrasonographic and endocrine characterization of individual and successive waves in non‐mated llamas with a special interest on the overlapping phenomenon. Twelve llamas were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography for at least two consecutive waves. In six females, blood samples were collected daily at the end of each examination. The development of the largest follicle (F) showed a wavelike pattern with a mean duration of 25 days. All waves evaluated were partially overlapped on the preceding wave and emerged at a mean interval of 15.8 ± 0.5 days. This interwave interval determines a mean overlapping degree of 32% of the wave length. Similarly, mean plasma oestradiol‐17β (E₂) concentrations followed a wavelike pattern. However, E₂ concentrations started to decline before the structural regression of the F was observed. Mean basal E₂ concentrations remain higher than 10.9 ± 0.6 pmol/l. In conclusion, follicular activity in non‐mated llamas is characterized by continuous emergence of successive waves that always overlap the preceding wave with variable degrees. E₂ production during the follicular wave is shorter in duration than the morphological development of the F. Finally, the overlapping phenomenon maintains increased plasma E₂ concentrations persistently and this could explain the prolonged periods of sexual receptivity registered in llamas.  相似文献   

Land use change drives the spatio-temporal variation of ecosystem services and their interactions along an altitudinal gradient in Brazil     

Gomes  Lucas Carvalho  Bianchi  Felix J. J. A.  Cardoso  Irene M.  Fernandes Filho  Elpídio I.  Schulte  Rogier P. O. 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(7):1571-1586

Landscape Ecology - Land use and land cover (LULC) changes may affect the provision of ecosystem services. However, little is known how LULC changes influence the spatio-temporal variation in...  相似文献   

Oestradiol-17β plasma concentrations after intramuscular injection of oestradiol benzoate or oestradiol cypionate in llamas (Lama glama)     

María V Cavilla  Carolina P Bianchi  Marcelo A Aba 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2010,52(1):13

Background

Llamas (Lama glama) are induced ovulators and the process of ovulation depends on dominant follicular size. In addition, a close relationship between behavioural estrus and ovulation is not registered in llamas. Therefore, the exogenous control of follicular development with hormones aims to predict the optimal time to mate. Oestradiol-17β (E₂) and its esters are currently used in domestic species, including camelids, in synchronization treatments. But, in llamas, there is no reports regarding the appropriate dosages to be used and most protocols have been designed by extrapolation from those recommended for other ruminants. The aim of the present study was to characterize plasma E₂ concentrations in intact female llamas following a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection of two oestradiol esters: oestradiol benzoate (EB) and oestradiol cypionate (ECP).

Methods

Twelve non pregnant and non lactating sexually mature llamas were i.m. injected on day 0 with 2.5 mg of EB (EB group, n = 6) or ECP (ECP group, n = 6). Blood samples were collected immediately before injection, at 1, 6, 12, 24 h after treatment and then daily until day 14 post injection. Changes in hormone concentrations with time were analyzed in each group by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using a repeated measures (within-SS) design. Plasma E₂ concentrations and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values were compared between groups by ANOVA. In all cases a Least-Significant Difference test (LSD) was used to determine differences between means. Hormonal and AUC data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M.

Results

Peak plasma E₂ concentrations were achieved earlier and were higher in EB group than in ECP group. Thereafter, E₂ returned to physiological concentrations earlier in EB group (day 5) than in ECP group (day 9). Although plasma E₂ profiles differed over time among groups there were no differences between them on AUC values.

Conclusions

The i.m. injection of a single dose of both oestradiol esters resulted in plasma E₂ concentrations exceeding physiological values for a variable period. Moreover, the plasma E₂ profiles observed depended on the derivative of oestradiol administered. This basic information becomes relevant at defining treatment protocols including oestrogens in llamas.  相似文献   

Enhanced Heavy Metal Phytoextraction from Marine Dredged Sediments Comparing Conventional Chelating Agents (Citric Acid and EDTA) with Humic Substances     

Veronica Bianchi  Grazia Masciandaro  David Giraldi  Brunello Ceccanti  Renato Iannelli 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,188(1-4):323-333

Metal (Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, Fe) concentrations in marine sediment and zooplankton were investigated in Izmir Bay of the Eastern Aegean Sea, Turkey. The study aimed to assess the levels of metal in different environmental compartments of the Izmir Bay. Metal concentrations in the sediment (dry weight) ranged between 4.26–70.8 μg g^?1 for Cu, 233–923 μg g^?1 for Mn, 14.9–127 μg g^?1 for Ni, 25.6–295 μg g^?1 for Zn, 12,404–76,899 μg g^?1 for Fe and 38,226–91,532 μg g^?1 for Al in the Izmir Bay. Maximum metal concentrations in zooplankton were observed during summer season in the inner bay. Significant relationships existed between the concentrations of certain metals (Al, Fe, Mn and Ni) in sediment, suggesting similar sources and/or similar geochemical processes controlling such metals. Higher concentrations of Cu, Zn and percent organic matter contents were found in the middle-inner bays sediments. Based on the correlation matrix obtained for metal data, organic matter was found to be the dominant factor controlling Cu and Zn distributions in the sediment. In general, mean Cu and Zn levels in the bay were above background concentrations in Mediterranean sediments. Zooplankton metal concentrations were similar to sediment distributions.  相似文献   

Analysis of the quality of protection induced by a porcine influenza A vaccine to challenge with an H3N2 virus   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Heinen PP  van Nieuwstadt AP  de Boer-Luijtze EA  Bianchi AT 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2001,82(1-2):39-56

Antigenic drift of swine influenza A (H3N2) viruses away from the human A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) strain, used in current commercial swine influenza vaccines, has been demonstrated in The Netherlands and Belgium. Therefore, replacement of this human strain by a more recent swine H3N2 isolate has to be considered. In this study, the efficacy of a current commercial swine influenza vaccine to protect pigs against a recent Dutch field strain (A/Sw/Oedenrode/96) was assessed. To evaluate the level of protection induced by the vaccine it was compared with the optimal protection induced by a previous homologous infection. Development of fever, virus excretion, and viral transmission to unchallenged group mates were determined to evaluate protection. The vaccine appeared efficacious in the experiment because it was able to prevent fever and virus transmission to the unchallenged group mates. Nevertheless, the protection conferred by the vaccine was sub-optimal because vaccinated pigs excreted influenza virus for a short period of time after challenge, whereas naturally immune pigs appeared completely protected. The immune response was monitored, to investigate why the vaccine conferred a sub-optimal protection. The haemagglutination inhibiting and virus neutralising antibody responses in sera, the nucleoprotein-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody responses in sera and nasal secretions and the influenza-specific lymphoproliferation responses in the blood were studied. Vaccinated pigs developed the same or higher serum haemagglutination inhibiting, virus neutralising, and nucleoprotein-specific IgG antibody titres as infected pigs but lower nasal IgA titres and lymphoproliferation responses. The lower mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses may explain why protection after vaccination was sub-optimal.  相似文献   

Detection of pseudorabies virus DNA in individual single-reactor pigs found in certified pseudorabies-free herds     

Jacobs L  Voets R  Bianchi AT 《Research in veterinary science》1999,67(3):305-307

During monitoring of certified pseudorabies (PRV)-free herds to confirm their PRV -free status, occasional individual gE-seropositive pigs are detected. These single-reactor pigs remain gE-seropositive when further serum samples are collected and tested. For the eradication programme to proceed, it is important to determine whether these pigs are only false positives or are; in fact, infected with field PRV. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) could detect field PRVDNA in single-reactor pigs and so confirm positive reactions in the serologic monitoring programme. First, DNA samples of various tissues from 15 single-reactor pigs all from different herds were examined for field PRV by PCR. Additionally, serum samples from these pigs were analyzed in a gE-confirmation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (gE-confirmation ELISA). PCR detected PRVDNA in five of the 15 pigs, and these results were confirmed by the gE-confirmation ELISA. The remaining 10 pigs that tested negative in the PCR also tested negative in the gE- confirmation ELISA. We conclude that PCR can be used to discriminate between true and false serological positive single-reactor pigs and, moreover, that the gE-confirmation ELISA confirms these PCR results.  相似文献   

Changes in agricultural land use can explain population decline in a ladybeetle species in the Czech Republic: evidence from a process-based spatially explicit model     

Felix J. J. A. Bianchi  Alois Honĕk  Wopke van der Werf 《Landscape Ecology》2007,22(10):1541-1554

Changes in land use affect species interactions and population dynamics by modifying the spatial template of trophic interaction and the availability of resources in time and space. We developed a process-based spatially explicit model for evaluating the effects of land use on species viability by modelling foraging performance and energy sequestration in a stage structured, three-trophic population model. The model is parameterized with realistic parameters for a ladybeetle–aphid–host plant interaction, and is run in four realistic landscapes in the Czech Republic. We analysed whether changes in crop selection and fertilizer input could explain the dramatic and unexplained decline in abundance of the ladybeetle Coccinella septempunctata in the Czech Republic from 1978 to 2005. The results indicate that a major reduction in fertilizer input after the transition to a market economy, resulting in lower aphid population densities in cereal crops and negatively affecting energy sequestration, survival and reproduction of ladybeetles, provides a sufficient explanation for the observed population decline. Simulations further indicated that the population viability of C. septempunctata is highly dependent on availability of aphid prey in crops, in particular cereal, which serves as their major reproduction habitat. The results demonstrate how the abundance of naturally occurring predators, which are instrumental for biological pest control, depends upon the spatial resource template that are provided at the landscape scale.  相似文献   

肉鸡胸深肌病的发病率     

M.Bianchi  M.petracci  A.Franchini  C.Cavani  刘朝明  马洁莹 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2007,27(5):40-43

通过一个试验,研究集约化饲养条件下不同屠宰日龄(47～65d)的两个商品肉鸡品系(罗斯508和Cobb500)胸深肌病(deeppectoralmyopathy,DPM)的发病率。试验在意大利一家一流的家禽加工厂进行,在为期6个月的试验期内随机从151个屠宰肉鸡群中选取120700羽肉用公鸡,根据胸小肌有无眼观肌病以及肌肉损伤的病变程度(分发病早期(表现为出血)和发病后期(灰色或绿色)对肉鸡的DPM进行评估。检测表明,各肉鸡群屠体的DMP总体发病率平均为0.84%(其中处于发病早期和发病晚期的屠体比例分别为0.62%和0.22%),各试验肉鸡群之间的DPM发病率波动幅度很大(0%～16.7%),另外处于发病早期和发病晚期的肉鸡所占比例变化也很大,分别为0%～12.0%和0%～5.6%;对两个肉鸡品种的DMP发病率比较后发现,罗斯508肉鸡的发病率高于Cobb500肉鸡(P≤0.01),该结果是由于罗斯508肉鸡的DMP发病早期(0.94%(罗斯508)对0.26%(Cobb500),P≤0.01)和发病后期(0.33%对0.09%,P≤0.01)比例均高于Cobb500肉鸡。  相似文献   

    

Bénassy C. und H. Bianchi 《Journal of pest science》1961,34(11):176

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献