排序方式： 共有40条查询结果，搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
Sladjana Savić Radmila Stikić Biljana Vucelić Radović Biljana Bogičević Zorica Jovanović Vesna Hadži-Tašković Šukalović 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
The effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD) on tomato fruit growth and cell wall peroxidase activity in tomato exocarp were investigated in growth chamber conditions. The RDI treatment was 50% of water given to fully irrigated (FI) plants and the PRD treatment was 50% of water of FI plants applied to one half of the root system while the other half dried down, with irrigation shifted when soil water content of the dry side decreased 15–20%. RDI significantly reduced fruit diameter, though PRD reduced fresh weight while having no significant effect on fruit diameter. The activity of peroxidase was significantly higher in RDI and PRD treated plants compared to those of FI. Differences between RDI and PRD were expressed on temporal basis. In the fruits of RDI treated plants peroxidase activity began to increase in the phase when fruit growth started to decline with the peak of enzyme activity of 6.1 HRPEU g−1 FW reached in the phase of mature green fruits when fruit growth rate was minimal. Increase of peroxidase activity in PRD fruits coincided with the ripening phase and the peak of enzyme activity (5.3 HRPEU g−1 FW) was measured at the end of fruit ripening. These data potentially identified contrasting and different roles of tomato exocarp cell wall peroxidase in RDI and PRD treated plants. In RDI treated plants peroxidase may have a role in restricting fruit growth rate, although the increase in enzyme activity during ripening of PRD treated fruit pointed out that peroxidase may also control fruit maturation by inducing more rapid process. 相似文献
32.
Biljana Kiprovski Djordje Malenčić Milan Popović Vera Stojšin Dragana Budakov Živko Ćurčić Dario Danojević 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(2):199-203
The correlation between intensity of lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidant capacity of sugar beet plants (cv. ‘Drena’) infected with Rhizoctonia solani Kühn isolate (AG 2-2 IIIB group) was studied. Successful inoculation was confirmed by the presence of infection cushions in a cross section of leaf petioles. On the 7th day of the experiment, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC. 4.3.1.5) activity was in negative correlation with intensified lipid peroxidation process in leaves of sugar beet plants (r= –0 .99). Also, in leaves and roots of inoculated sugar beet plants, total flavonoids content (35% and 20%, respectively) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity (80% and 55%, respectively) were significantly reduced. Necrotic processes resulting from R. solani infection of sugar beet plants was followed by induction of plant phenolics metabolism; however, antioxidant capacity of these plants was reduced. 相似文献
33.
Bozin B Mimica-Dukic N Simin N Anackov G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(5):1822-1828
The essential oils of Ocimum basilicum L., Origanum vulgare L., and Thymus vulgaris L. were analyzed by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and assayed for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant activity was evaluated as a free radical scavenging capacity (RSC), together with effects on lipid peroxidation (LP). RSC was assessed measuring the scavenging activity of the essential oils on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH(*)) and OH(*) radicals. Effects on LP were evaluated following the activities of essential oils in Fe(2+)/ascorbate and Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2) systems of induction. Essential oils exhibited very strong RSCs, reducing the DPPH radical formation (IC(50)) in the range from 0.17 (oregano) to 0.39 microg/mL (basil). The essential oil of T. vulgaris exhibited the highest OH radical scavenging activity, although none of the examined essential oils reached 50% of neutralization (IC(50)). All of the tested essential oils strongly inhibited LP, induced either by Fe(2+)/ascorbate or by Fe(2+)/H(2)O(2). The antimicrobial activity was tested against 13 bacterial strains and six fungi. The most effective antibacterial activity was expressed by the essential oil of oregano, even on multiresistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A significant rate of antifungal activity of all of the examined essential oils was also exhibited. 相似文献
34.
Slavko Dimović Ivana Smičiklas Marija Šljivić-Ivanović Biljana Dojčinović 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2013,13(2):383-393
Purpose
The influence of bone sorbent addition onto distribution of 90Sr in artificially contaminated soil was preliminary studied to assess the possibility of biogenic apatite utilization for reduction of 90Sr mobility and availability. Simultaneously, the disruption of soil micro- (Cd, Zn, Co, Cu, Cr, and Ni,) and macroelements (Al, Fe, Mn, K, Mg, and Ca) upon Sr contamination and sorbent addition was monitored.Materials and methods
The model soil was contaminated by inactive Sr, in the form of Sr(NO3)2 solution. As a soil additive, sorbent obtained by annealing bovine bones at 400 °C (B400) was applied. Both the uncontaminated and Sr-contaminated soils were mixed with 1, 3, 5, and 10 % of sorbent, suspended in distilled water (initial pH?5; solid/solution ratio, 1:2), and equilibrated for 15 days on a rotary shaker. Solid residues were subjected to modified Tessier five-step sequential extraction analysis, and the amounts of chosen metals in each fraction were determined by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy.Results and discussion
In the original soil, Sr was mainly found in exchangeable (61 %) and carbonate phase (16 %), whereas after contamination, the content of Sr in exchangeable phase raised to 94 %. With the addition of B400, the decrease in Sr amounts in exchangeable fraction was detected, whereas increase occurred mainly in operationally defined carbonate phase and in the residual. High level of Sr contamination caused the increase in Zn, Ni, Co, Cu, Cd, and Mn and decrease in Ca content in exchangeable phase. Sorbent addition resulted in a migration of these cations to less soluble fractions. This effect was observed even for major soil elements such as Fe, Al, and Mn, regardless of the excessive amounts of Sr in the soil.Conclusions
Mixing the soil with B400 resulted in reduced Sr mobility and bioavailability. B400 acted as a stabilizing agent for heavy metals, as well. Apatite distinguished selectivity towards heavy metals may interfere with the Sr immobilization and disrupt original cation distribution. Further studies should include more realistic (lower) Sr concentrations in the soil, different soil types, pH, and longer incubation times. 相似文献35.
The sawdust of oak and black locust hardwood was found to have good adsorption capacities for heavy metal ions. The leaching
of coloured organic matters during the adsorption can be prevented by each of the following pre-treatments of adsorbents:
with formaldehyde in acidic medium, with sodium hydroxide solution after formaldehyde treatment, or with sodium hydroxide
only. The studies indicated that the leaching of coloured matters from modified hardwood sawdust was less than that from unmodified
hardwood sawdust, namely between 70 and 94%, dependent on wood species and the method of modification. At the same time, adsorption
capacities of modified adsorbents were higher than unmodified adsorbents when sodium hydroxide was applied for modification.
When formaldehyde was applied for modification, the adsorption capacities of adsorbents remained unchanged. Only the application
of sodium hydroxide was recommended for modification of hardwood sawdust. 相似文献
36.
37.
38.
Svetlana Milijašević-Marčić Miloš Stepanović Biljana Todorović Bojan Duduk Jelena Stepanović Emil Rekanović Ivana Potočnik 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(3):509-519
Fifty bacterial isolates obtained from compost were tested in vitro against the causal agents of green mould in Agaricus bisporus. Isolate B-38 which induced 48.08% in vitro growth inhibition of T. harzianum T54 and 52.25% of T. aggressivum f. europaeum T77 was identified as Bacillus subtilis, based on 16S rDNA sequence and used in mushroom growing room experiments. B. subtilis B-38 did not decrease mycelial growth rate of Agaricus bisporus A15 in mushroom compost in glass tubes. After applying prochloraz-manganese, B. subtilis B-38 and B. subtilis QST 713, no significant differences in BE values among treatments were found concerning both total yield and the weight of healthy mushrooms. Statistical analyses showed that only inoculation significantly influenced the healthy mushroom yield. In plots inoculated with T. harzianum T54 disease incidence was significantly lower after treatments with prochloraz-manganese (11.81%), B. subtilis QST 713 (12.26%) and B. subtilis B-38 (14.19%) compared to the control (28.16%), as well as in plots inoculated with T. aggressivum f. europaeum T77 11.88%, 12.2% and 15.03%, respectively, in comparison with the control (23.47%). Statistically significant differences were not found among the efficacy values of tested bio-fungicides based on B. subtilis and the commercial fungicide prochloraz-manganese suggesting the use of B. subtilis B-38 and B. subtilis QST 713 as good alternatives to chemical fungicides. 相似文献
39.
Nikolić V Teofilovski-Parapid G Stanković G Parapid B Malobabić S Stojić V 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2004,52(3):253-257
Investigations were carried out on 55 monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops, Macaca fascicularis) hearts by stereomicroscopic dissection and measurements. Latex-injected specimens and corrosion casts showed that, as in humans, the hearts were usually (in 98.2% of the cases) supplied by two coronary arteries (CAs)--the left (LCA) and the right coronary artery (RCA), and occasionally (in 1.8% of the cases) also by a third one (TCA). Furthermore, the orifice of the TCA was situated in the right aortic sinus at the same level as the RCA and 0.2 mm in front of it. The LCA and the RCA originated from the corresponding aortic sinuses and the external diameter of the LCA was greater [average: 1.65+/-0.39 (SD) mm] than that of the RCA [average 0.94+/-0.15 (SD) mm] and the TCA (0.8 mm). The LCA orifice was more often above (76.3%) than below the free edge of the left aortic valve leaflet. The longitudinal axis of the aortic root and of the initial part of the LCA formed an angle of 45-120 degrees (average: 52 degrees). The orifice of the RCA was usually above (82.3%) the free edge of the right aortic valve leaflet, and less frequently below it (17.7%). The longitudinal axis of the aortic root and of the initial part of the RCA formed an angle of 70-150 degrees (average: 103 degrees). The resemblance of monkey CAs to their human counterparts make them a suitable model for experimental studies on coronary circulation. 相似文献
40.
SP Stanojevic MB Barac MB Pesic BV Vucelic-Radovic 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9221-9228
Protein quality, based on its subunit composition, in okara obtained as a byproduct during hydrothermal cooking of soy milk was assessed. The composition of 7S and 11S protein fractions was correlated with the physicochemical properties of protein in okara produced from six soybean varieties. The basic 7S globulin (Bg7S) and 11S protein were two main proteins in okara. Investigated soybean genotypes produced okara with mainly acidic A(5) and basic B(1,2,4) polypeptides of 11S proteins. Soybean 11S content was not an indicator of okara protein recovery or extractability. Of all tested relationships, extractable soluble protein content of okara was influenced only by soybean Bg7S (r = 0.86; p < 0.05) and its light subunit contents (r = 0.93; p < 0.05). Okara protein recovery depended on Bg7S heavy subunit content in soybeans (r = 0.81; p < 0.05). The high quantity of vegetable protein in okara (around 35%) and very high protein extractability (around 85%) qualify this byproduct for potential application in food preparation as a functional ingredient. 相似文献