Interaction of sub-epithelial connective tissue components with Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

W Mamo  G Fr?man  T Wadstr?m 《Veterinary microbiology》1988,18(2):163-176

Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from bovine mastitis were examined for their ability to interact with 125I-labelled fibronectin, fibrinogen and type II collagen. Their relative surface hydrophobicity and production of extracellular capsule were also investigated. Almost all S. aureus strains bound fibronectin (mean value 23%), fibrinogen (mean value 12%) and type II collagen (mean value 16%). CNS bound fibronectin (mean value 6%) and type II collagen (mean value 7%), but not fibrinogen (mean value 2%). The specificity of binding of these proteins to S. aureus strain F1440 and to coagulase-negative Staphylococcus chromogenes strain BO52 was studied by adding an excess of unlabelled proteins. Fibronectin and collagen binding were observed to be specific, varying between 50 and 75%, whereas the specificity of fibrinogen binding to S. aureus strain F1440 was lower (26%). Most of the S. aureus strains (63%) showed very high surface hydrophobicity (autoaggregation) or lower hydrophobicity (29% of the strains) and the rest were hydrophilic. None of the CNS strains autoaggregated, 44% were classified as hydrophilic strains. Hydrophilic strains (except the reference strains) did not show extracellular capsule production. However, the encapsulated (reference) strains showed low binding to these proteins as compared to their unencapsulated variants. Pre-treatment of S. aureus strain F1440 and S. chromogenes strain BO52 with trypsin decreased their fibronectin binding capacity and surface hydrophobicity, whereas pre-treatment with bovine milk (except on collagen binding to strain F1440) did not significantly affect binding to these proteins. These data indicate that S. aureus and CNS isolated from bovine udder infection have the ability to bind to tissue matrix and plasma proteins which may be exposed in the traumatized or toxin-damaged udder epithelial lesions.  相似文献   

Microtubule stabilization reduces scarring and causes axon regeneration after spinal cord injury     

Hellal F  Hurtado A  Ruschel J  Flynn KC  Laskowski CJ  Umlauf M  Kapitein LC  Strikis D  Lemmon V  Bixby J  Hoogenraad CC  Bradke F 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6019):928-931

Hypertrophic scarring and poor intrinsic axon growth capacity constitute major obstacles for spinal cord repair. These processes are tightly regulated by microtubule dynamics. Here, moderate microtubule stabilization decreased scar formation after spinal cord injury in rodents through various cellular mechanisms, including dampening of transforming growth factor-β signaling. It prevented accumulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and rendered the lesion site permissive for axon regeneration of growth-competent sensory neurons. Microtubule stabilization also promoted growth of central nervous system axons of the Raphe-spinal tract and led to functional improvement. Thus, microtubule stabilization reduces fibrotic scarring and enhances the capacity of axons to grow.  相似文献   

Effect of Oyster Mushroom,Pleurotus ostreatus,Extract on Hemato‐Immunological Parameters of Rainbow Trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

Gülşen Uluköy  Esİn Baba  Canan Öntaş 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2016,47(5):676-684

The current study investigated the effects of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, extract on immunological and hematological parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish were fed diets containing 0 (control), 1, and 2% supplementation of the oyster mushroom extract for 6 wk. Blood samples were collected weekly for the first 6 weeks. After 6 wk of feeding, the fish were challenged with Lactococcus garvieae and mortality was recorded. The results of this study showed that feeding rainbow trout an oyster mushroom extract–supplemented diet stimulated phagocytic activity of phagocytic cells, lysozyme activity, and myeloperoxidase activity in serum, but it did not significantly affect the total serum immunoglobulin level. At the same time, a significant increase was found in the number of neutrophils, monocytes, and total white blood cells. Fish fed the diet supplemented with oyster mushroom extract showed reduced mortalities following L. garvieae infection compared with controls. These results show that supplementation of fish diets with oyster mushroom extract at 1 and 2% concentrations significantly imrpoves hematological parameters and modulates the immune response against L. garvieae in rainbow trout.  相似文献   

Erträge,n‐entzüge und humusdynamik im statischen düngungsversuch bad lauchstädt, 18 jahre nach erweiterung der versuchsfrage∗     

Martin Körschens 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):77-92

Im Statischen Düngungsversuch Bad Lauchstädt werden nach Erweiterung der Versuchsfrage seit 1978 die Prüffaktoren: Stalldung (2 Stufen), C_org‐Gehalt im Boden (6 Stufen) und Mineral‐N‐Mengen (5 Stufen) in der Fruchtfolge Kartoffeln, Winterweizen, Zuckerrüben, Sommergerste geprüft. Nur bei Sommergerste konnte eine Ertragswirkung des Stalldungs im Vergleich zu ausschließlicher Mineraldüngung nachgewiesen werden. Die jährlichen Veränderungen der C_org‐ und N_t‐Gehalte im Boden betrugen bei jeweils extremen Änderungen des Düngungsregimes bis zu 0, 012% C_org bzw. 0,0013% N_t.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse der zerlegung von langjährig genutzten simetermonolithen     

M. Körschens 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6)

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Malignant transformation of a unicameral bone cyst in a cat     

Bj?rn Berger  Andreas Brühschwein  Lina Eddicks  Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2016,57(4):377-381

A unicameral bone cyst in the proximal humerus of a 3-year-old Norwegian forest cat was diagnosed by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, surgical exploration, and histopathology. Surgical curettage and incorporation of bone cement led to full recovery. An osteosarcoma developed at the surgical site 17 months later. Thoracic radiographs showed pulmonary lesions consistent with metastasis.  相似文献   

Methodische untersuchungen zur Sekundärauswertung von Sortenversuchen Bezüglich der Ertragsstabilität von Sorten mit Hilfe der Ökoregression     

Klaus Stegemann  Hannelore Dörfel  Volker Weise 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(5):389-400

In Sortenversuchen sind die Wechselwirkungen Sorten × Orte meist sehr groß und die Mittelwertdifferenzen somit wenig aussagekräftig.

Es wird empfohlen, Landessortenversuche über Landesgrenzen hinweg sekundär regressionsanalytisch auszuwerten, um die Reaktionen von Sorten auf die unterschiedlichen Wachstumsbedingungen der Orte zu erkennen. Auf Aspekte der Auswertung wird näher eingegangen. Die Auswertungsergebnisse der sekundären Auswertung sind für Pflanzenzüchter und Landwirte gleichsam relevant.  相似文献   

Maize Hybrid Variability for Transpiration Decrease with Progressive Soil Drying     

M. Gholipoor  T. R. Sinclair  M. A. S. Raza  C. Löffler  M. Cooper  C. D. Messina 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2013,199(1):23-29

Drought is ubiquitous in rainfed cropping systems and often limits maize yields. The sensitivity of transpiration response early in progressive soil drying is a trait with potential to improve crop drought resistance. Simulation studies demonstrated that increased sensitivity to drying soil leading to restricted transpiration rates results in conservation of soil water during vegetative stages for possible use during grain filling. In contrast to other crops, there have been no studies characterizing genotypic variability for this trait in maize. Experiments in controlled environments were conducted to characterize the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) threshold on drying soil for 36 hybrids selected for variation in the field for drought resistance, regions of adaptation and stay green. While FTSW thresholds varied among hybrids from 0.60 to 0.33, these thresholds were not uniformly associated with level of drought resistance in the field. Nevertheless, this study demonstrated a high FTSW threshold corresponded with drought resistance observed in some modern maize germplasm (hybrids #7, 17, 24, 27 and 32). This knowledge can enable breeding work seeking to exploit this adaptive trait to improved drought tolerance in low threshold FTSW germplasm.  相似文献   

Changing stock of biomass carbon in a boreal forest over 93 years     

Pekka E. Kauppi  Aapo Rautiainen  Kari T. Korhonen  Aleksi Lehtonen  Jari Liski  Pekka Nöjd  Sakari Tuominen  Markus Haakana  Tarmo Virtanen 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010,259(7):1239-1244

The growing stock more than doubled from 1.6 to 3.4 million m³ between 1912 and 2005 in forests on an area of 387 km² in southern Finland. The stock expansion continued for 93 years noting interim results, which were available for 1959, 1982, 1994 and 1999. Forested area in the region hardly changed. Carbon sequestration was mainly a result of a long-term recovery from forest degradation, a legacy of land use in the 18th and 19th centuries. Tree demography responded to management change especially of mature stands: Average tree size and stocking density of stands increased. On average the expanding biomass stock sequestered 18 tons C annually per km² (18 g C per m²). In comparison, the emissions of fossil carbon in the region were estimated at 12 tons C per km² (12 g C per m²) on average. However, fossil CO₂ emissions exceeded biomass sequestration in recent decades. The powerful and persistent expansion of the carbon stock was an unintended co-benefit of forestry, which was motivated by the intention to improve timber yield. On the more negative side the change in management introduced clear-cuts, and a loss of diverse elements of the pre-industrial biota.  相似文献   

Lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia in dogs     

Panagiotis G. Xenoulis  Jörg M. Steiner 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2010,183(1):12-21

Lipid metabolism in dogs can be divided into exogenous and endogenous pathways and exhibits some unique characteristics compared to other species. Hyperlipidemia is common in dogs, and can be either primary or secondary to other diseases. Secondary hyperlipidemia is the most common form and can be a result of endocrine disorders, pancreatitis, cholestasis, protein-losing nephropathy, obesity, and high fat diets. Primary hyperlipidemia is less common and usually associated with certain breeds. Hypertriglyceridemia of Miniature Schnauzers is the most common type of primary hyperlipidemia in dogs in the United States, and appears to have a genetic basis although its etiology remains unknown. Possible complications of canine hyperlipidemia include pancreatitis, liver disease, atherosclerosis, ocular disease, and seizures. Management is achieved by administration of low fat diets with or without the administration of lipid-lowering agents such as omega-3 fatty acids, gemfibrozil, and niacin.  相似文献