Preparing protein microarrays by soft-landing of mass-selected ions     

Ouyang Z  Takáts Z  Blake TA  Gologan B  Guymon AJ  Wiseman JM  Oliver JC  Davisson VJ  Cooks RG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5638):1351-1354

Intact, multiply protonated proteins of particular mass and charge were selected from ionized protein mixtures and gently landed at different positions on a surface to form a microarray. An array of cytochrome c, lysozyme, insulin, and apomyoglobin was generated, and the deposited proteins showed electrospray ionization mass spectra that matched those of the authentic compounds. Deposited lysozyme and trypsin retained their biological activity. Multiply charged ions of protein kinase A catalytic subunit and hexokinase were also soft-landed into glycerol-based liquid surfaces. These soft-landed kinases phosphorylated LRRASLG oligopeptide and D-fructose, respectively.  相似文献   

Acute lymphocytic leukemia in owl monkeys inoculated with herpesvirus saimiri   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

L V Melendez  R D Hunt  M D Daniel  B J Blake  F G Garcia 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,171(976):1161-1163

Our study demonstrates for the first time that Herpesvirus saimiri can induce acute lymphocytic leukemia in owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) and that malignant lymphoma can be induced in this species of nonhuman primates by the inoculation of the virus by various routes (intravenous, sub-cutaneous, and intradermal).  相似文献   

Continuing worldwide increase in tropospheric methane, 1978 to 1987   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Blake DR  Rowland FS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,239(4844):1129-1131

The average worldwide tropospheric mixing ratio of methane has increased by 11% from 1.52 parts per million by volume (ppmv) in January 1978 to 1.684 ppmv in September 1987, for an increment of 0.016 +/- 0.001 ppmv per year. Within the limits of our measurements, the global tropospheric mixing ratio for methane over the past decade is consistent either with a linear growth rate of 0.016 +/- 0.001 ppmv per year or with a slight lessening of the rate of growth over the past 5 years. No indications were found of an effect of the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation-El Chichon events of 1982-83 on total global methane, although severe reductions were reported in the Pacific Northwest during that time period. The growth in tropospheric methane may have increased the water concentration in the stratosphere by as much as 28% since the 1940s and 45% over the past two centuries and thus could have increased the mass of precipitable water available for formation of polar stratospheric clouds.  相似文献   

Organic aerosol formation downwind from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill     

de Gouw JA  Middlebrook AM  Warneke C  Ahmadov R  Atlas EL  Bahreini R  Blake DR  Brock CA  Brioude J  Fahey DW  Fehsenfeld FC  Holloway JS  Le Henaff M  Lueb RA  McKeen SA  Meagher JF  Murphy DM  Paris C  Parrish DD  Perring AE  Pollack IB  Ravishankara AR  Robinson AL  Ryerson TB  Schwarz JP  Spackman JR  Srinivasan A  Watts LA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6022):1295-1299

A large fraction of atmospheric aerosols are derived from organic compounds with various volatilities. A National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) WP-3D research aircraft made airborne measurements of the gaseous and aerosol composition of air over the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico that occurred from April to August 2010. A narrow plume of hydrocarbons was observed downwind of DWH that is attributed to the evaporation of fresh oil on the sea surface. A much wider plume with high concentrations of organic aerosol (>25 micrograms per cubic meter) was attributed to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from unmeasured, less volatile hydrocarbons that were emitted from a wider area around DWH. These observations provide direct and compelling evidence for the importance of formation of SOA from less volatile hydrocarbons.  相似文献   

TROMBICULA FLETCHERI WOMERSLEY AND HEASLIP 1943, A VECTOR OF TSUTSUGAMUSHI DISEASE (SCRUB TYPHUS) IN NEW GUINEA     

Blake FG  Maxcy KF  Sadusk JF  Kohls GM  Bell EJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1945,102(2638):61-64

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Parent volatiles in comet 9P/Tempel 1: before and after impact     

Mumma MJ  DiSanti MA  Magee-Sauer K  Bonev BP  Villanueva GL  Kawakita H  Dello Russo N  Gibb EL  Blake GA  Lyke JE  Campbell RD  Aycock J  Conrad A  Hill GM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5746):270-274

We quantified eight parent volatiles (H2O, C2H6, HCN, CO, CH3OH, H2CO, C2H2, and CH4) in the Jupiter-family comet Tempel 1 using high-dispersion infrared spectroscopy in the wavelength range 2.8 to 5.0 micrometers. The abundance ratio for ethane was significantly higher after impact, whereas those for methanol and hydrogen cyanide were unchanged. The abundance ratios in the ejecta are similar to those for most Oort cloud comets, but methanol and acetylene are lower in Tempel 1 by a factor of about 2. These results suggest that the volatile ices in Tempel 1 and in most Oort cloud comets originated in a common region of the protoplanetary disk.  相似文献   

Molecular interactions and hydrogen bond tunneling dynamics: some new perspectives     

Saykally RJ  Blake GA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,259(5101):1570-1575

The recent development of tunable far-infrared lasers and other high-resolution spectroscopic probes of weakly bound clusters is having a significant impact on our understanding of intermolecular forces and on the complex quantum tunneling dynamics that occur in hydrogen-bonded systems. Far-infrared studies of a variety of interactions are discussed, including several prototypical water-hydrophobe complexes, the water trimer, and the ammonia dimer. Particular attention is paid to the inversion of spectroscopic data to yield detailed intermolecular potential energy surfaces. Investigations of nonpairwise additivity are also described.  相似文献   

Hyperprolinemia and prolinuria in a new inbred strain of mice, PRO-Re   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R L Blake  E S Russell 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,176(36):809-811

A hyperprolinemia was discovered, in a new inbred strain of mice, which was equivalent to about a sevenfold elevation above the concentration of proline in the blood of either of the original parental lines, or of 12 other inbred strains with diverse genetic constitution. In addition, mice of this PRO/Re strain exhibited a marked prolinuria, whereas the other 14 inbred strains had no proline detectable in their urine.  相似文献   

Developmental stages in microbiota,bile acids,and clostridial species in healthy puppies     

Amanda B. Blake  Annalis Cigarroa  Hannah L. Klein  Mohammad R. Khattab  Theresa Keating  Patti Van De Coevering  Jonathan A. Lidbury  Jörg M. Steiner  Jan S. Suchodolski 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(6):2345-2356

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Polyphosphorylated L-ascorbic Acid: A Stable Form of Vitamin C for Aquaculture Feeds   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Blake F.  Grant Paul A.  Seib Ming-Long  Liao Kenneth E.  Corpron 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1989,20(3):143-157

A protected form of vitamin C, L-ascorbyl-2-poly phosphate (APP), was tested for safety and efficacy in fishes. Phosphorylation of the 2-hydroxyl group protected the 2,3-enediol of L-ascorbic acid against oxidation. When APP was added to feed, about 15% of its vitamin C activity was lost during milling and storing 5–7 d at ambient temperature. Stability of APP in pelleted feeds at 25 or 40 C was up to 83 times or 45 times greater than that of ascorbic acid (AA), respectively. In later tests, trout feed mash, steam-pelleted in triplicate, frozen, and shipped on dry ice before analysis, had 46% loss of AA and no apparent loss of APP. With 16% milling loss (highest detected in trout feeds assayed in initial tests) and 22% storage loss after 90 d, conservative APP mix rates were estimated. Mixing 153 g L-ascorbate-equivalent as APP per metric ton of airdry ingredients (153 ppm) would give 128 ppm in the finished feed after steam-pelleting and 100 ppm after 60–90 d storage at 40 C. Low-temperature extrusion of Oregon-Moist salmon feed reduced AA slightly. Ascorbic acid oxidized in frozen storage and while thawing and, after 12 h at room temperature, only trace amounts remained. Ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate at 0.05 to 0.2 times that of equimolar AA in casein-base or practical feeds supported long-term growth and development in rainbow trout and other fishes. Trout feeding trials with practical feeds in actual production regimens documented APP activity at growth rates approaching the maximum for trout farming. Corrected for greater stability, APP antiscorbutic activity appeared to be comparable to that of AA on a molar-equivalent basis. Similarly, apparent equimolar activity was inferred from estimated equilibrium levels of liver, kidney, and whole-body AA and L-ascorbyl-2-sulfate (AS) after prolonged APP use in trout feeds. Fathead minnow growth and reproduction in egg-to-egg life-cycle tests also confirmed APP safety and efficacy as a stabilized source of vitamin C for feeds. None of the typical lesions of scoliosis, malformed gill lamellae, and crenulated opercles, nor conditions of poor health, anorexia, and eventual torpor seen in vitamin C-deficient controls occurred in trout fed APP. No liver pathology was evident in trout fed APP for 252 d at 1.7 to 3.3 times the National Research Council's recommended vitamin C (equivalent) rates.  相似文献