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排序方式: 共有145条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Gerken T Girard CA Tung YC Webby CJ Saudek V Hewitson KS Yeo GS McDonough MA Cunliffe S McNeill LA Galvanovskis J Rorsman P Robins P Prieur X Coll AP Ma M Jovanovic Z Farooqi IS Sedgwick B Barroso I Lindahl T Ponting CP Ashcroft FM O'Rahilly S Schofield CJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5855):1469-1472
Variants in the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene are associated with increased body mass index in humans. Here, we show by bioinformatics analysis that FTO shares sequence motifs with Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases. We find that recombinant murine Fto catalyzes the Fe(II)- and 2OG-dependent demethylation of 3-methylthymine in single-stranded DNA, with concomitant production of succinate, formaldehyde, and carbon dioxide. Consistent with a potential role in nucleic acid demethylation, Fto localizes to the nucleus in transfected cells. Studies of wild-type mice indicate that Fto messenger RNA (mRNA) is most abundant in the brain, particularly in hypothalamic nuclei governing energy balance, and that Fto mRNA levels in the arcuate nucleus are regulated by feeding and fasting. Studies can now be directed toward determining the physiologically relevant FTO substrate and how nucleic acid methylation status is linked to increased fat mass. 相似文献
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Celia R Valverde DVM Clare R Gregory DVM Diplomate ACVS & Janet E Ilkiw† BVSc PhD Diplomate ECVA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(3):117-125
Objective To document perioperative and anesthetic management of 30 feline renal transplant recipients (1996–1998). Study design Retrospective clinical study. Animals Thirty adult cats in end‐stage renal failure that underwent heterotopic renal transplantation. Materials and methods The medical records were reviewed from 30 feline heterotopic renal transplant recipients. Cases were included only if they had been treated for hypertension using a beta‐adrenergic antagonist, a calcium channel blocker or hemodialysis. Data regarding signalment, preoperative management, surgical technique, type and doses of anesthetics administered, perioperative hemodynamics and intra‐ and postoperative complications, postoperative analgesia, morbidity and early mortality were recorded. Data were expressed as mean ± SD. Results Preanesthetic medication included a combination of an anticholinergic and an opioid (oxymorphone). Anesthesia induction was performed mostly with isoflurane and oxygen delivered by mask. Anesthesia maintenance was primarily achieved with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Nitrous oxide was often used as part of the anesthetic technique. The mean duration of anesthesia was 4.6 hours ± 27 minutes. The mean renal allograft ischemic time was 60 minutes. During the anesthetic period, the majority of the recipient cats received either fresh whole blood (FWB) (N = 25, 83%), cross‐matched packed red blood cells (PRBC) (N = 3, 10%) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) (N = 2, 7%) combined with a balanced electrolyte solution. Blood products administered averaged 63 ± 34 mL and crystalloid 94 ± 62 mL. The most common treated intraoperative complications were hypotension (N = 14, 47%), hypothermia (N = 13, 43%), metabolic acidosis (N = 11, 37%), hypocalcemia (N = 5, 17%), hypoglycemia (N = 4, 13%), hypertension (N = 2, 7%), bradycardia (N = 1, 3%), and ventricular premature contractions (N = 1, 3%). All cats received opioid analgesics postoperatively. Complications observed in the first 24 hours postoperatively were hypertension (N = 20, 67%), hematuria (N = 14, 47%), electrolyte disturbances (N = 9, 30%), temperature imbalances (N = 5, 17%), decreased PCV requiring blood transfusion (N = 5, 17%), decreased perfusion of a foot associated with external iliac anastomosis technique (N = 5, 17%), seizures associated with hypertension (N = 3, 10%), uroabdomen (N = 2, 7%), acute graft rejection (N = 1, 3%) and, corneal ulceration (N = 1, 3%). Survival rates in the perioperative period were 100, 96.7, and 93.4% intraoperatively, at 24 hours, and 7 days following surgery. Conclusion Successful anesthesia can be performed in critically ill renal transplant recipients. However, for optimal graft function and patient survival, normothermia, normovolemia, normotension, and normal acid–base and electrolyte balance should be carefully maintained. Successful anesthetic management requires understanding of the pathophysiology of end‐stage renal disease and the maintenance of homeostasis during the different stages of the perioperative period. 相似文献
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Celia L M Davenport-Goodall Eric J Parente 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2003,19(1):169-187
The upper respiratory tract is a frequent cause of exercise intolerance in horses, particularly in racing horses. There are a myriad of laryngeal abnormalities that may restrict airflow at the rima glottidis. Careful endoscopic examination is a crucial part of the examination of any racing horse suffering from poor performance. There has recently been interest in spectrum analysis of respiratory sounds. It has been determined that laryngeal hemiplegia and dorsal displacement of the soft palate have unique sound patterns. Therefore, spectrum analysis of respiratory sounds may prove to be useful in the diagnosis of laryngeal disorders in horses. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical intervention are necessary to provide the horse the best chance of returning to its full athletic potential. 相似文献
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Ilknur Ucak Maliha Afreen Domenico Montesano Celia Carrillo Igor Tomasevic Jesus Simal-Gandara Francisco J. Barba 《Marine drugs》2021,19(2)
In fish processing, a great amount of side streams, including skin, bones, heads and viscera, is wasted or downgraded as feed on a daily basis. These side streams are rich sources of bioactive nitrogenous compounds and protein, which can be converted into peptides through enzymatic hydrolysis as well as bacterial fermentation. Peptides are short or long chains of amino acids differing in structure and molecular weight. They can be considered as biologically active as they can contribute to physiological functions in organisms with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In the food industry, such bioactive peptides can be used as preservatives or antioxidants to prevent food spoilage. Furthermore, peptides contain several functional qualities that can be exploited as tools in modifying food ingredient solubility, water-holding and fat-binding capacity and gel formation. In the pharmaceutical industry, peptides can be used as antioxidants, but also as antihypertensive, anticoagulant and immunomodulatory compounds, amongst other functions. On the basis of their properties, peptides can thus be used in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. This review focuses on the bioactive peptides derived from seafood side streams and discusses their technological properties, biological activities and applications. 相似文献
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Serological and molecular investigation of Newcastle disease in household chicken flocks and associated markets in Eastern Shewa zone, Ethiopia 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
79.
Agronomic and fruit quality traits were evaluated and compared for three consecutive years on 1,111 seedlings coming from
15 peach and nectarine breeding crosses, grown under a Mediterranean climate. Significant differences among and within the
different progenies were found for most of the traits analyzed. The breeding population segregated for several Mendelian characters
such as peach or nectarine fruit, round or flat fruit, yellow or white flesh and freestone or clingstone. In addition, aborting
fruit and flat fruit trees were found in our progeny, and our data seem to support multi-allelic control of both flat shape
and aborting fruit. The variation within the progenies of some traits such as blooming and harvesting date, yield, fruit weight
and SSC was continuous, suggesting a polygenic inheritance. Relationships between qualitative pomological traits and these
agronomic and fruit quality parameters were also found. Valuable correlations among agronomic and fruit quality parameters
were found, although coefficients of variation depending on the progeny should be considered. In addition, principal component
analysis (PCA) revealed several relationships among quality traits in the evaluated progenies. Based on this evaluation, 26
outstanding genotypes were pre-selected from the initial breeding population for further studies. 相似文献
80.
– | • Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a substantial role in several ecological processes in forest ecosystems, providing a habitat for many organisms and participating in biogeochemical fluxes. Understanding CWD dynamics is important to classify adequate density, size and amount into different decay classes and to make decisions that include biodiversity and the carbon budget in practical forestry. 相似文献 |