Parotid duct transposition in dogs: a retrospective review of 92 eyes from 1999 to 2009     

Rhodes M  Heinrich C  Featherstone H  Braus B  Manning S  Cripps PJ  Renwick P 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(4):213-222

Objective The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective review of parotid duct transposition (PDT) in the dog to determine the rate and nature of complications, the success and failure rates and to evaluate owner satisfaction. Methods Medical records of 56 dogs (92 eyes) that underwent PDT and subsequent follow‐up by a veterinary ophthalmologist were reviewed. Forty owners (40 dogs/66 eyes) were contacted by telephone and 37 owners (37 dogs/60 eyes) also completed a visual analog scale questionnaire. Statistical evaluation included Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests, one‐way analysis of variance and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with Wilcoxon and Log‐rank tests. Results The mean follow‐up was 38.7 months (range 1–109 months). The surgical success rate was 92% (85/92 eyes). Total failures (8%, 7/92 eyes) were because of severe saliva intolerance (n = 5 eyes) and PDT failure (n = 2 eyes). The complication rate was 50% (46/92 eyes) of which 61% (28/46 eyes) were managed medically and 39% (18/46 eyes) required further surgery. Ninety percent (36/40) of owners indicated that they would proceed with surgery again. Statistically significant improvements in owner perception of ocular comfort, number of daily topical treatments, ocular wetness, and postoperative vision were identified. Conclusions This study shows that PDT is a successful procedure based on clinical findings and in terms of owner perception. It has also demonstrated that PDT improves ocular comfort and vision in medically refractive cases of keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and that a low level of on‐going management is required in 33% of cases.  相似文献   

Cataracts are not associated with retinal detachment in the Bichon Frise in the UK--a retrospective study of preoperative findings and outcomes in 40 eyes     

Braus BK  Rhodes M  Featherstone HJ  Renwick PW  Heinrich CL 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(2):98-101

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the Bichon Frise population in the UK is at the same risk of developing retinal detachment in association with cataract formation and following phacoemulsification as described in reports from the USA. Procedures The medical records of Bichon Frises which were presented for cataract assessment and of those which were treated with phacoemulsification at Willows Referral Service between 1997 and 2009 were reviewed. Results Forty eyes (26 dogs) with unilateral or bilateral cataracts were included in the study. There was no evidence of retinal detachment associated with the cataracts at initial presentation. Phacoemulsification was performed on 34 eyes (20 dogs). Clinically evident lens‐induced uveitis was treated preoperatively in 17/34 eyes. Artificial lens implantation was carried out in 30/34 eyes; automated anterior vitrectomy was performed in 7/34 eyes. The mean follow‐up time was 16.6 months (range 1.5–73 months). At the last re‐examination, 31/34 eyes (91.2%) were visual. Three eyes (8.8%) were blind – two (in the same dog) because of presumptive bilateral optic nerve disease and one because of uveitis and secondary glaucoma. There was no evidence of retinal detachment following phacoemulsification in any of the 34 eyes. Conclusion This study suggests that the Bichon Frise population in the UK does not appear to have a predisposition for retinal detachment in association with cataract formation or following cataract surgery. Prophylactic random transscleral laser retinopexy or transscleral cryopexy cannot therefore be routinely recommended for Bichon Frises with cataracts in the UK.  相似文献   

A retrospective study of the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical manifestations of 5 dogs originally diagnosed histologically as necrotizing scleritis     

Denk N  Sandmeyer LS  Lim CC  Bauer BS  Grahn BH 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(2):102-109

Purpose To describe the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical manifestations of canine necrotizing scleritis. Methods A retrospective examination of the clinical records and samples of ocular tissues from five dogs with a histological diagnosis ‘necrotizing scleritis’ was completed. Archived, formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded samples and two control globes were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Gram, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) and Masson trichrome stains, and they were immunohistochemically labeled for CD3, CD18, and CD20. Results Of the five cases reviewed, only two could be confirmed as idiopathic necrotizing scleritis. The other three cases were retrospectively diagnosed as unilateral focal, non‐necrotizing scleritis, one as episcleritis and the third was scleritis secondary to a proptosed globe based on our retrospective clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluations. In these two cases, idiopathic necrotizing scleritis manifested as a bilateral, progressive, inflammatory disease of the sclera and cornea that induces significant uveitis. Light microscopic examination confirmed collagen degeneration and granulomatous inflammation. There was no evidence for an infectious etiology based on Gram’s and PAS stainings. Immunohistochemical labeling revealed a predominance of B cells in idiopathic, bilateral necrotizing scleritis. Tinctorial staining abnormalities with Masson’s trichrome stain were present in scleral collagen of the two cases with idiopathic necrotizing scleritis as well as a case of secondary traumatic scleritis. Conclusions Based on a limited number of cases, idiopathic canine necrotizing scleritis shares similar histopathological features with non‐necrotizing scleritis and episcleritis; however, necrotizing scleritis is B‐cell‐dominated and bilateral, and significant collagen alterations manifest with Masson’s trichrome stain.  相似文献   

High prevalence of mycoplasmas in the genital tract of asymptomatic stallions in Austria     

Spergser J  Aurich C  Aurich JE  Rosengarten R 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,87(2):119-129

Mycoplasma equigenitalium and M. subdolum have been implicated in genital disorders and infertility of horses. The reported cytopathic effects of M. equigenitalium observed in vitro underscore its potential pathogenic role in reproductive dysfunction in mares. This study was initiated to determine the prevalence of mycoplasmas in the genital tract of stallions in relationship to age, clinical signs, geographic location and semen quality. For this purpose the mycoplasma flora of the genital tract of 116 stallions of the Noric breed was determined by isolation and colony immunoblotting and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Of 438 swabs from the genital tract, pre-ejaculatory fluid and semen samples, 352 (80%) samples were positive by PCR and 125 (29%) were positive by culture. Mycoplasmas were isolated predominantly from the fossa glandis and urethra and less frequently from the penis shaft and from semen. M. equigenitalium (89 isolates) and M. subdolum (70 isolates) were the predominant species identified. M. equirhinis and M. felis were detected in 27 and 8 samples, respectively. Comparison of these isolations with clinical signs, semen quality, and age of the stallions revealed no significant correlation. However, geographical location of the stallion significantly correlated with mycoplasma detection. These results suggest that mycoplasmas are present as commensals in the genital tract of stallions. Thus, clinically healthy stallions may present a permanent reservoir for infection of mares via venereal transmission.  相似文献   

Preliminary comparison of four anaesthetic techniques in badgers (Meles meles)     

Thornton PD  Newman C  Johnson PJ  Buesching CD  Baker SE  Slater D  Johnson DD  Macdonald DW 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(1):40-47

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Extraocular lymphoma in the horse     

Allison T. Schnoke  Dennis E. Brooks  David A. Wilkie  Ann E. Dwyer  Andrew G. Matthews  Brian C. Gilger  Diane V. H. Hendrix  Phillip Pickett  Magda Grauwels  Christine Monroe  Caryn E. Plummer 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2013,16(1):35-42

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Sex differences in the response of yearling horses to handling by unfamiliar humans     

Manuela Wulf  Jörg Aurich  Ann-Cathrin May  Christine Aurich 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2013,8(4):238-244

In adult horses, pronounced sex differences in behavior exist, and many riders prefer male horses to mares. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that sex differences in the response of horses to handling emerge before puberty, that is, in sexually immature animals. Warm-blooded yearling horses (6 males and 9 females) were exposed to a stationary human test (exposure to an unfamiliar person for 5 minutes) and a tolerance test (haltering and direct contact with the horse) on 5 consecutive days. The horses' behavior and heart rate were recorded. Male yearling horses displayed significantly less exploratory behavior than females during the stationary human test on days 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). Latency to halter and ease with which horses could be haltered were significantly affected by day (P < 0.05), and a significant interaction of day and sex was detected (P < 0.05; e.g., time for haltering: females, day 1: 23.8 ± 7.8 seconds [±standard error of the mean] and day 5: 21.1 ± 1.7 seconds; males, day 1: 53.6 ± 10.4 seconds and day 5: 19.4 ± 2.2 seconds). Heart rate of the horses in response to the test situations was significantly affected by day (P < 0.01) but not by sex. In conclusion, sex differences in behavior do not only exist in adult horses but are already present in young horses before puberty. When exposed to unfamiliar humans for the first time, male yearling horses display more caution than females.  相似文献   

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Abnormal Behaviors in Chilean Racehorses: A Direct Observational Study     

Tamara Tadich  Constanza Weber  Christine J. Nicol 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

Stereotypies are considered a cause and symptom of impaired welfare, and have been associated with suboptimal husbandry systems. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of stereotypic and other abnormal behaviors in Chilean thoroughbreds by direct observation, and examine their associations with biological characteristics and management practices. Seven hundred forty-three racehorses were observed directly, every 5 minutes during 1 hour before and after feeding, to identify behavioral disorders. A questionnaire was administered to handlers to obtain information about the animal and husbandry practices.  相似文献   

Bite Caused by the Assassin Bug Zelus Fabricius, 1803 (Hemiptera; Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in a Human     

Carlos Eduardo Pereira dos Santos  José Ricardo de Souza  Régis Adriel Zanette  Felipe Jorge da Silva  Christine Strussmann 《The Forestry Chronicle》2019,30(1):63-65

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Success Rates with Digital Intubation: Comparing Unassisted,Stylet, and Gum-Elastic Bougie Techniques     

Andrew L. Juergens  Brandon W. Odom  Christine E. Ren  Kirk E. Meyers 《The Forestry Chronicle》2019,30(1):52-55

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