Integrating farming and wildlife conservation: the Barnacle Goose Management Scheme     

David R Cope  Richard A Pettifor  J Marcus Rowcliffe 《Biological conservation》2003,110(1):113-122

Since 1994 the Barnacle Goose Management Scheme (BGMS) has integrated conservation and agricultural aims on the Scottish side of the Solway Firth. In the 4 years before the introduction of the BGMS, the density of barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis) on the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Reserve at Caerlaverock was four times higher than on the non-Reserve area. In the 6 years following establishment of the BGMS, the density of geese on non-Reserve fields rose so that the Reserve had twice the density of the non-Reserve area. No difference in density was found between fields in the Feeding Zone and Intermediate Zone of the BGMS. The density of barnacle geese around the study area appears to be at a maximum under current management regimes. The remaining geese from this increasing population are using other feeding areas. This may lead to further conservation-agriculture conflict in the future, but could be mitigated through expanding the range and quality of the BGMS, through increasing the dedicated reserve network, or through a combination of the two.  相似文献   

Insecticides: Effects on Cutthroat Trout of Repeated Exposure to DDT     

Allison D  Kallman BJ  Cope OB  Van Valin CC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1963,142(3594):958-961

Cutthroat trout were periodically exposed to p, pp-DDT, in acetone solution or in the food. Excessive mortality occurred only in lots treated with high concentrations of DDT, probably as a result of decreased resistance to nonspecific stressors. Surviving fish in these lots were significantly larger than those in the control lot, or in the lots treated with low concentrations of DDT. The number and volume of eggs produced was not reduced by DDT, but mortality among sac fry appeared to be highest in the lots treated with high concentrations. The data suggest that the sublethal concentrations of DDT ordinarily encountered in the environment are unlikely to damage a fishery.  相似文献   

Comparing SSURGO Data with Geospatial Field Measurements to Estimate Soil Texture and Infiltration Rate Classes in Glaciated Soils     

Stephen Cole  Christopher Post  Charles Privette  Mark A. Schlautman  Michael Cope 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(11):1309-1318

The infiltration rate (IR) of water is a key soil property related to hydrological processes, soil health, and ecosystem services. However, detailed measurements of IR in the field and/or laboratory are labor-intensive and expensive to perform. Soil judging in the field provides a rapid and inexpensive method to estimate IR classes based on soil texture, soil organic carbon/matter, and soil structure. The objectives of this study were to classify and compare soil texture and IR for the A horizon across the 147 ha Cornell University Willsboro Research Farm using the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database and field-based measurements. Soil texture was the dominating factor to explain the general trend of Entisols > Inceptisols > Alfisols with regard to IR in the A horizon. In general, the variability in soil texture observed in field measurements was consistent with the variability reported in the SSURGO database, although the SSURGO representative values for soil texture did not completely match measured mean values for all soil map units. With the exception of one soil map unit, estimates of IR classes utilizing soil judging in the field criteria also were consistent when using either SSURGO or field-based data. Estimating infiltration rate classes for ecosystem services frameworks using geospatial analysis of field and/or SSURGO data can be enhanced with emerging technologies (e.g., sensors) and/or easily measured conventional soil properties.  相似文献   

Effect on systemic antibody concentrations of topical application of choleratoxin to skin of sheep     

Cope RB  Colditz IG 《Australian veterinary journal》2000,78(2):121-123

OBJECTIVE: To examine the ability of a vaccine formulation combining choleratoxin with an experimental antigen to induce a systemic antibody response when applied topically on unbroken skin of sheep. DESIGN: Seven treatment groups of five adult sheep received systemic or topical priming followed 4 weeks later by systemic or topical boosting with choleratoxin and/or bovine serum albumin. Topical vaccines were administered to clipped skin on the ventral abdomen for 2 h. Booster immunisations were repeated 8 weeks after initial boosting. Serum antibody titres to choleratoxin and bovine serum albumin were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: An antibody response to choleratoxin was observed in serum, but no antibody response to bovine serum albumin was detected. CONCLUSION: Transdermal delivery may be feasible for livestock vaccines, however, further work is necessary to develop formulations that induce protective immunity by this route.  相似文献   

The potential for occupational exposure of veterinarians to ketamine resulting in positive drug tests          下载免费PDF全文

RB Cope 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(3):59-61

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The prevalence of ultrasonographic abnormalities and histopathologic lesions is high in testes of yearling tropical hair rams     

John Dascanio  Jerry Roberson  Catherine Pfent  Vinayak K. Nahar  Maziel Arauz  Kerry Alexander  Brian Roberts  D. Andrew Cope  Rhett Bridger  Dana Botsko 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(3):338-345

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Microscopic anatomy of the lower respiratory tract of the grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)     

Cope LA  Henry RW  Reed RB 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2012,41(2):96-105

The respiratory tracts of seven grey short-tailed opossums were histologically examined. Six opossums were prepared by perfusion with buffered formalin. Opossum seven was perfused with gluteraldehyde. Samples taken from the respiratory passages and lungs of specimens 1-6 were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. A mixture of methylene and azure blue was used for specimen 7. The trachea and right and left principal bronchi are lined with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with occasional goblet cells. The secondary and tertiary bronchi and the primary and secondary bronchioles are lined by a simple ciliated columnar epithelium. The terminal bronchioles and a portion of the respiratory bronchioles are lined by a simple ciliated cuboidal epithelium. The terminal portion of the respiratory bronchioles and the alveolar ducts are lined with simple squamous epithelium. Alveoli are lined by type I and II pneumocytes. Tracheal glands are present in the tela submucosa. The fibromusculocartilaginous tunic of the trachea consists of c-shaped cartilage rings and the trachealis muscle. A lamina muscularis mucosa begins in the intrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus and continues into the respiratory bronchioles. Bronchial glands are present in the propria submucosa and tela submucosa of the principal bronchi. The musculocartilaginous tunic is localized to the extrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus. The bronchial cartilages are irregular shaped plates and limited to the extrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus. The visceral pleura is a simple squamous mesothelium covering the outer surface of the lung.  相似文献   

Atypical Chordae Tendineae of the Canine (Canis familiaris) Right Atrioventricular Valve          下载免费PDF全文

L. A. Cope 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2016,45(6):485-489

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Potassium ion: is the bulk of intracellular K+ adsorbed?   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

G N Ling  F W Cope 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,163(873):1335-1336

When a major portion of the intracellular K(+) in frog muscle is reversibly replaced by Na(+), the extra Na(+) gained by the cells does not show the nuclear magnetic resonance signal that free Na(+) does. The data contradict the membrane theory but are in accord with the concept that the bulk of intracellular K(+) is adsorbed.  相似文献   

Role of predicted metalloprotease motif of Jab1/Csn5 in cleavage of Nedd8 from Cul1     

Cope GA  Suh GS  Aravind L  Schwarz SE  Zipursky SL  Koonin EV  Deshaies RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5593):608-611

COP9 signalosome (CSN) cleaves the ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 from the Cul1 subunit of SCF ubiquitin ligases. The Jab1/MPN domain metalloenzyme (JAMM) motif in the Jab1/Csn5 subunit was found to underlie CSN's Nedd8 isopeptidase activity. JAMM is found in proteins from archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes, including the Rpn11 subunit of the 26S proteasome. Metal chelators and point mutations within JAMM abolished CSN-dependent cleavage of Nedd8 from Cul1, yet had little effect on CSN complex assembly. Optimal SCF activity in yeast and both viability and proper photoreceptor cell (R cell) development in Drosophila melanogaster required an intact Csn5 JAMM domain. We propose that JAMM isopeptidases play important roles in a variety of physiological pathways.  相似文献