车前子提取物抑制扑热息痛诱导小鼠肝损伤的作用研究     

代国年  王桂荣  王萌 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,48(7):27-36

【目的】研究车前子提取物干预扑热息痛(Acetaminophen,APAP)引起小鼠肝损伤的作用,并探究其潜在作用机制。【方法】运用半仿生酶法提取车前子活性成分,采用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)检测其主要成分。体内研究车前子提取物对APAP肝损伤的保护作用,将60只雌性昆明小白鼠随机分为正常对照组(NC)、APAP肝损伤模型组(LD)、车前子对照组(PA)以及APAP干预的车前子提取物高、中、低剂量组(HPA+LC、MPA+LD、LPA+LD)。其中NC组和LD组小鼠灌胃生理盐水、PA组小鼠灌胃200μg/mL车前子提取物,HPA+LD,MPA+LD和LPA+LD组小鼠分别灌胃车前子提取物200,100,50μg/mL,每天2次,连续6 d;末次给药12 h后,采血并分离肝脏,检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性,评价肝脏损伤程度;检测肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及谷胱甘肽(GSH)、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,评价肝脏的氧化应激程度;检测CYP2E1 mRNA和蛋白表达,并通过细胞色素P450酶2E1(Cytochrome 2E1,CYP2E1)法体外筛选车前子抗APAP肝损伤可能的有效成分。【结果】LC-MS检测发现,车前子提取物有37种主要成分;血清生化指标检测发现,不同剂量的车前子提取物明显减少APAP诱导的氧化产物,增强抗氧化防御能力,减轻肝脏损伤且呈剂量依赖性;车前子提取物显著降低CYP2E1 mRNA和蛋白表达,说明车前子抑制CYP2E1的活性;车前子提取物中抗APAP肝损伤的有效成分为车前草苷D、车前草苷E、高车前素和高车前苷。【结论】车前子提取物的有效成分为车前草苷D、车前草苷E、高车前素和高车前苷。车前子提取物对APAP诱导的肝损伤具有保护作用,其潜在作用机制可能与抑制肝脏CYP2E1的表达和活性有关。  相似文献   

禽蛋中氟苯尼考及其代谢产物氟苯尼考胺同时检测的 超高效液相色谱-荧光检测法的建立     

王波  赵霞  谢恺舟  张跟喜  张涛  戴国俊 《安徽农业大学学报》2020,47(1):36

建立超高效液相色谱-荧光检测法(UPLC-FLD)同时检测禽蛋中氟苯尼考及其代谢产物氟苯尼考胺残留。样品经过加速溶剂萃取提取、净化,乙腈饱和的正己烷去脂,设定激发波长和发射波长分别为233 nm和284 nm,经UPLC-FLD检测分析。FF和FFA添加浓度为定量限(LOQs)、0.5、1.0和2.0倍的最高残留限量(MRL)时,FF的平均回收率为83.1%～96.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于3.9%;FFA的平均回收率为84.6%～97.4%,RSD均低于3.4%。FF在禽蛋中检测限(LODs)为4.7～4.9μg·kg~(-1)(S/N≥3),LOQs为10.5～11.7μg·kg~(-1)(S/N≥10);FFA在禽蛋中LODs为1.8～1.9μg·kg~(-1),LOQs为4.3～4.7μg·kg~(-1)。此方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,适用于批量检测禽蛋中氟苯尼考及其代谢产物氟苯尼考胺残留。  相似文献   

柑橘大实蝇成虫对9种植物提取物的嗅觉反应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

龚碧涯  刘慧  向敏  刘娟  肖伏莲  杨水芝  戴长庚  欧阳文鹏  贺荣华 《植物保护》2020,46(4):149-154

为明确对柑橘大实蝇具有引诱或拒避作用的植物精油或挥发物,通过Y形嗅觉仪分别测定柑橘大实蝇雌、雄成虫对橘子精油、橙叶精油、橙花精油、柠檬桉精油、薄荷素精油、栀子花精油、D-柠檬烯、芳樟醇和月桂烯的选择率。结果表明,柑橘大实蝇雄虫倾向于选择橘子精油、橙花精油、D-柠檬烯、柠檬桉精油、栀子花精油,雌虫倾向于选择芳樟醇和柠檬桉精油。柠檬桉精油对柑橘大实蝇雌虫和雄虫均有显著的引诱作用,雌虫对柠檬桉精油的选择率为52.38%,雄虫的选择率也达到了50%。本研究为开发对柑橘大实蝇雌、雄成虫均具有引诱作用的引诱剂提供了一定的理论参考。  相似文献   

黑木耳简单快速组织分离新法     

李晓  孟秀秀  代月婷  黎倩  黄兵  胡欣 《中国食用菌》2014,(6):11-12

利用酒精、镊子对黑木耳耳片进行组织分离,方法方便、快捷,分离成功率100%。  相似文献   

5‐Aminolevulinic Acid Activates Antioxidative Defence System and Seedling Growth in Brassica napus L. under Water‐Deficit Stress     

D. Liu  Z. F. Pei  M. S. Naeem  D. F. Ming  H. B. Liu  F. Khan  W. J. Zhou 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(4):284-295

The present study assesses the effects of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA, 0, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg l^?1) on the growth of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. cv. ZS758) seedlings under water‐deficit stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000, 0 and ?0.3 MPa). Water‐deficit stress imposed negative effects on seedling growth by reducing shoot biomass, cotyledon water potential, chlorophyll content and non‐enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione and ascorbic acid) levels. On the other hand, water‐deficit stress enhanced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enzymatic antioxidants activities, reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) and reduced/oxidized ascorbic acid (ASA/DHA) ratio in seedlings. Application of ALA at lower dosages (0.1 and 1 mg l^?1) improved shoot weight and chlorophyll contents, and decreased MDA in rape seedlings, whereas moderately higher dosage of ALA (10 mg l^?1) hampered the growth. The study also indicated that 1 mg l^?1 ALA improved chlorophyll content, but reduced MDA content and ROS production significantly under water‐deficit stress. Lower dosages of ALA (0.1 and 1 mg l^?1) also enhanced GSH/GSSG and ASA/DHA as compared to the seedlings under water‐deficit stress. The antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase) enhanced their activities remarkably with 1 mg l^?1 ALA treatment under water‐deficit stress. It was also revealed that 1 mg l^?1 ALA treatment alone induced the expression of APX, CAT and GR substantially and under water‐deficit stress conditions ALA treatment could induce the expression of POD, CAT and GR to a certain degree. These results indicated that 0.1–1 mg l^?1 ALA could enhance the water‐deficit stress tolerance of oilseed seedlings through improving the biomass accumulation, maintaining a relative high ratio of GSH/GSSG and ASA/DHA, enhancing the activities of the specific antioxidant enzymes and inducing the expression of the specific antioxidant enzyme genes.  相似文献   

卷烟材料参数对细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量的影响          下载免费PDF全文

吴金凤  戴亚  庄亚东  陈昆燕  尚军  兰中于  汪长国 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,42(1):37-43

为研究细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量受不同卷烟材料参数,即卷烟纸透气度(X_1)、接装纸透气度(X_2)、成型纸透气度(X_3)和滤嘴丝束规格(X_4)的影响,运用均匀设计实验制备了不同材料组合的实验卷烟样品,采用二次多项式逐步回归法,建立细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量与不同材料参数的数学模型,再对模型进行主效应分析、单因素效应分析、边际效应分析,并进一步开展参数优化和实验验证,明确了以上4种卷烟材料参数对细支卷烟主流烟气中氢氰酸释放量的影响.结果表明:①4种卷烟材料对氢氰酸释放量影响的大小顺序依次为X_2X_4X_1X_3;②接装纸透气度X_2、卷烟纸透气度X_1和滤嘴丝束规格X_4的交互与细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量呈负相关,接装纸透气度X_2的平方、成型纸透气度X_3和滤嘴丝束X_4的交互作用与细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量呈正相关;③细支卷烟主流烟气氢氰酸释放量较低的材料参数组合为卷烟纸透气度为100 CU、接装纸透气度为800 CU、成型纸透气度为6 000 CU、滤嘴丝束规格为6.0 Y/17000;④与实验组的最低值相比,氢氰酸释放量降低了40.31%.  相似文献   

草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险:取食为害性及解毒酶活性变化初探   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王芹芹  崔丽  王立  黄伟玲  代黎明  袁会珠  芮昌辉 《植物保护》2020,46(1):63-68

为了探究草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险,我们以取食玉米作为对照,开展研究取食小麦对草地贪夜蛾的存活率、取食选择性、生长量和3种解毒酶及乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响。结果表明:草地贪夜蛾初孵幼虫在小麦上的存活率与玉米并无显著差异,高达90%以上。用小麦连续饲喂3龄幼虫7 d,日均体重增加迅速,与取食玉米无显著差异(P0.05)。2龄幼虫取食选择率为小麦玉米,3龄和4龄幼虫的取食选择率为玉米小麦,但均无显著差异。值得注意的是,小麦饲喂48 h后草地贪夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性和多功能氧化酶含量表现为显著诱导上升,而羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性无显著变化。本试验结果初步表明草地贪夜蛾存在为害小麦的风险,应加强草地贪夜蛾在麦田发生情况的监测,同时应重视草地贪夜蛾取食不同寄主对药剂敏感性机制的研究。  相似文献   

PEG引发三倍体无籽西瓜种子萌芽研究初报   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

卢荔  曹利霞  乔洋洋  静景  戴思慧  马凌坷  黄智  孙小武 《中国瓜菜》2011,24(2):34-37

为了探索一条能大批量处理无籽西瓜种子,有效提高种子活力的途径,应用水势0、-0.2、-0.6和-1.2MPa的聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)溶液对三倍体无籽西瓜种子进行3、6、9、12h引发处理,并与常规萌发条件下的种子萌芽情况进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)各种水势的PEG-6000溶液引发对无籽西瓜种子发芽各项指标均没有显著影响。(2)3h引发处理相对于其他引发时间处理,能最大程度地提高无籽西瓜种子发芽能力,在发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数的影响上均存在明显差异,这与常规生产上无籽西瓜浸种时间结果一致。  相似文献   

高产优质水稻新品种9香优007的选育     

杨再深  张翼  代泽屏  徐政叙  阙灿明 《种子》2017,(8):114-116

9香优007系铜仁鑫天地农业发展有限公司利用自育恢复系铜恢007与自育不育系9香A杂交选育的新品种.主要特点是:米质优、抗性强、丰产稳产性好.具有较好的推广前景.  相似文献   

Dexmedetomidine attenuates acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice     

HUANG Qiang  XIA Ming-zhu  YANG Wen-jie  DAI Zhong-liang  JIANG Yuan-xu 《园艺学报》2017,33(10):1891-1895

AIM: To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS: Kunming mice (n=50) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): normal saline control (NS) group, acute alcoholic hepatic injury model (E) group, low-dose (10 μg/kg) DEX (E+L) group, medium-dose (50 μg/kg) DEX (E+M) group and high-dose (100 μg/kg) DEX (E+H) group. The animals were sacrificed at 6 h after gavage of alcohol or normal saline. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The livers were removed for evaluation of histological characteristics and determining the content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) amd interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the liver tissues by ELISA. The expression levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the liver tissues were evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with NS group, the levels of ALT, AST and TG were obviously increased in E group, which were obviously decreased in E+M and E+H groups. Compared with NS group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MDA were obviously increase in E group, which were obviously decreased in E+M and E+H groups. Compared with NS group, the activity of SOD and the content of GSH were obviously decreased in E group, which were obviously increased in E+M and E+H groups. Compared with NS group, the expression of CYP2E1 and NF-κB was obviously increase in E group, which was obviously decreased in E+M and E+H groups. Compared with NS group, ethanol induced marked liver histological injury, which was less pronounced in E+M and E+H groups. CONCLUSION: DEX has a protective effect on mouse liver with acute alcoholic injury by the involvement in the processes of antioxidation and antiinflammation, and its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of CYP2E1 and NF-κB expression.  相似文献