Biochemical characterization with detection and expression of bacterial β-glucosidase encoding genes of a Mediterranean soil under different long-term management practices     

Rosa Ca?izares  Beatriz Moreno  Emilio Benitez 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2012,48(6):651-663

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Chemical characterization of an aqueous extract and the essential oil of Tithonia diversifolia and their biocontrol activity against seed-borne pathogens of rice     

Dongmo  Albert Nanfack  Nguefack  Julienne  Dongmo  Joseph Blaise Lekagne  Fouelefack  François Romain  Azah  Rene Udom  Nkengfack  Ephrem Augustin  Stefani  Emilio 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(3):703-713

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The high cost of chemical pesticides and their negative impact on the environment prompted the search for natural pesticides from plants. The objective of...  相似文献   

An Indigenous Virulent Strain of Erwinia amylovora Lacking the Ubiquitous Plasmid pEA29     

Llop P  Donat V  Rodríguez M  Cabrefiga J  Ruz L  Palomo JL  Montesinos E  López MM 《Phytopathology》2006,96(8):900-907

ABSTRACT An atypical strain of Erwinia amylovora was isolated near an outbreak of fire blight at a nursery in Spain in 1996. It was obtained from a Crataegus plant showing typical symptoms and was identified as E. amy-lovora by biochemical tests and enrichment-enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay, but not by polymerase chain reaction using primers based on the pEA29 sequence. Nevertheless, with primers from chromosomal regions, the isolate gave the expected amplification band. This strain carries one plasmid of approximately 70 kb, with no homology with the 29-kb plasmid common to all pathogenic strains, or with a large plasmid present in some E. amylovora strains. Growth of the strain in minimal medium without thiamine was slower compared with cultures in the same medium with thiamine, a characteristic typical of strains cured of the 29-kb plasmid. Nevertheless, aggressiveness assays on pear, apple, and Pyracantha plants and in immature pear fruit showed that this strain exhibited a virulence level similar to other strains containing pEA29. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation from naturally infected plant material of a pathogenic strain of E. amylovora without pEA29, but with a plasmid of approximately 70 kb not previously described.  相似文献   

Prediction of parental combination for introduction of stay-green associated loci in wheat     

Henrique de Souza Luche  José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva  Rafael Nornberg  Emilio Ghisleni Arenhardt  Vanderlei da Rosa Caetano  Luciano Carlos da Maia  Antonio Costa de Oliveira 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(2):73-80

In wheat, the increase of yield and stability associated traits can be achieved by combining parents containing the stay-green trait and favorable alleles for grain yield. The aim of this work was to analyze the genetic dissimilarity between wheat lines from stay-green and synchronized maturation groups and elite cultivars. Moreover, to propose promising combinations seeking the selection of high-grain yield and high bread-making quality genotypes containing stay-green trait. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications in 2003, 2004, and 2005, using sister-lines with the presence and absence of stay-green trait and elite cultivars. Genetic variability exists among wheat strains from the synchronized stay-green maturation group and elite cultivars. Genotypes of maturation group stay-green obtained an average performance superior to the synchronized group. Crosses between stay-green lines and the CEP 29 and BRS 177 cultivars are promising in the selection of genotypes carrying the stay-green trait with high yield and bread-making quality.  相似文献   

IL-17A regulates Eimeria tenella schizont maturation and migration in avian coccidiosis     

Emilio del Cacho  Margarita Gallego  Hyun Soon Lillehoj  Joaquín Quílez  Erik P Lillehoj  Ana Ramo  Caridad Sánchez-Acedo 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1):25

Although IL17A is associated with the immunological control of various infectious diseases, its role in host response to Eimeria infections is not well understood. In an effort to better dissect the role of IL17A in host-pathogen interactions in avian coccidiosis, a neutralizing antibody (Ab) to chicken IL17A was used to counteract IL17A bioactivity in vivo. Chickens infected with Eimeria tenella and treated intravenously with IL17A Ab, exhibited reduced intracellular schizont and merozoite development, diminished lesion score, compared with untreated controls. Immunohistological evaluation of cecal lesions in the parasitized tissues indicated reduced migration and maturation of second-generation schizonts and reduced lesions in lamina propria and submucosa. In contrast, untreated and infected chickens had epithelial cells harboring second-generation schizonts, which extend into the submucosa through muscularis mucosa disruptions, maturing into second generation merozoites. Furthermore, IL17A Ab treatment was associated with increased parameters of Th1 immunity (IL2- and IFNγ- producing cells), reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and diminished levels of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Finally, schizonts from untreated and infected chickens expressed S100, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 (WASF3), and heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) proteins as merozoites matured, whereas the expression of these proteins was absent in IL17A Ab-treated chickens. These results provide the first evidence that the administration of an IL17A neutralizing Ab to E. tenella-infected chickens inhibits the migration of parasitized epithelial cells, markedly reduces the production of ROS and MMP-9, and decreases cecal lesions, suggesting that IL17A might be a potential therapeutic target for coccidiosis control.  相似文献   

Achievements and future perspectives of embryo transfer technology in pigs     

Emilio A. Martinez  Cristina A. Martinez  Josep M. Cambra  Carolina Maside  Xiomara Lucas  Jose L. Vazquez  Juan Maria Vazquez  Jordi Roca  Heriberto Rodriguez‐Martinez  Maria Antonia Gil  Inmaculada Parrilla  Cristina Cuello 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(Z4):4-13

Commercial embryo transfer (ET) has unprecedented productive and economic implications for the pig sector. However, pig ET has been considered utopian for decades mainly because of the requirements of surgical techniques for embryo collection and embryo deposition into recipients, alongside challenges to preserve embryos. This situation has drastically changed in the last decade since the current technology allows non‐surgical ET and short‐ and long‐term embryo preservation. Here, we provide a brief review of the improvements in porcine ET achieved by our laboratory in the past 20 years. This review includes several aspects of non‐surgical ET technology and different issues affecting ET programmes and embryo preservation systems. The future perspectives of ET technology are also considered. We will refer only to embryos produced in vivo since they are the only type of embryos with possible short‐term use in pig production.  相似文献   

Computed tomography is a feasible method for quantifying bone density in Macaca mulatta          下载免费PDF全文

Salvador A. Solís‐Chávez  Manuel A. Castillo‐Rivera  Marcela Arteaga‐Silva  Alejandra Ibáñez‐Contreras  Braulio Hernández‐Godínez  Andrés Morón‐Mendoza  Gamaliel Mendoza‐Cuevas  Axayácatl Morales‐Guadarrama  Emilio Sacristan‐Rock 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(5):545-550

Osteopathologies are a result of advanced age and decreased bone density and represent a global health problem. It is therefore important to generate models for longitudinal studies of the pathophysiology in order to improve early diagnosis and develop preventive therapies. For this kind of research, the use of computed tomography (CT) to evaluate bone health offers advantages over other techniques since it provides more complete information. The aim of this prospective, pilot study was to obtain measurements of the left femur from a population in captivity of 32 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in order to standardize the model for future research. Healthy subjects from 5 to 28 years old were chosen. Three groups with different ages were formed as follows: (1) 5–9 years, (2) 10–19 years, and (3) 20–28 years. Semi‐automatic segmentation by threshold defined the regions of interest, which were subdivided in the range of 300–700 Hounsfield units (HU) for trabecular bone and >700 HU for cortical bone. Then, the proportional ratios of the volumes of trabecular bone and cortical bone were obtained. Significant differences (analysis of variance test) in the averages of Hounsfield units, cortical, and trabecular bone proportions from each age group proved that a decrease in bone density begins at approximately 20 years of age. The values presented here, as well as the method to obtain them from CT scans, can be used as a baseline in a primate model for long‐term research in bone pathology diagnosis and treatment.  相似文献   

The Goodeniaceae     

Ghisalberti EL 《Fitoterapia》2004,75(5):429-446

The Goodeniaceae family contributes some of the more spectacular wildflowers found on the Australian continent. The bright and vibrant colours that characterise members of the family has attracted much horticultural interest. A number of species have traditionally been used for medicinal purposes by indigenous communities, and the phytochemistry of some has been investigated. These aspects are considered in this review to determine correspondence between the reputed medicinal effects and the bioactivity of the secondary metabolites produced.  相似文献   

Efficient plant regeneration of Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) via somatic embryogenesis     

Emilio Maruyama  Katsuaki Ishii  Yoshihisa Hosoi 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(1):73-77

This report describes the efficient plant regeneration of Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb et Zucc. via somatic embryogenesis. Embryogenic cultures were initiated from megagametophytes containing immature zygotic embryos. Embryogenic cultures were maintained and proliferated by 2–3-week interval subcultures in medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 6-benzylaminopurine. High maturation frequencies of cotyledonary embryos were obtained on maturation medium containing maltose, polyethylene glycol, activated charcoal, and abscisic acid. Somatic embryos germinated readily after transfer to plant growth regulator-free medium. Growth of regenerated emblings has been monitored in a greenhouse.  相似文献   

Micropropagation of Bolaina blanca (Guazuma crinita Mart.), a fast-growing tree in the Amazon region     

Emilio Maruyama  Katsuaki Ishii  Isao Kinoshita  Kihachiro Ohba  Akira Saito 《Journal of Forest Research》1996,1(4):211-217

Rapid clonal propagation of Bolaina blanca (Guazuma crinita Mart.) was established by the subculturing of the shoot-tips from aseptically germinated seedlings on woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with trans-zeatin [trans-6-(4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino)purine] (ZEA). After 45 days of culture, a seven-fold multiplication rate was achieved on WPM containing 10 μM of ZEA. Obtained shoots were simultaneously elongated and rooted on WPM containing 1 μM of kinetin [6-furfurylaminopurine] (KIN). After 60 days of culturing the growth of shoots was evident, and high rooting percentages were obtained. The plantlets were transferred into pots with vermiculite and acclimatized successfully in plastic boxes with transparent cover inside the growth cabinet.  相似文献