Combining isotopic signatures of n(Sr)/n(Sr) and light stable elements (C,N, O,S) with multi-elemental profiling for the authentication of provenance of European cereal samples     

Daniel Goitom Asfaha  Christophe R. Quétel  Freddy Thomas  Micha Horacek  Bernhard Wimmer  Gerhard Heiss  Christian Dekant  Peter Deters-Itzelsberger  Stefan Hoelzl  Susanne Rummel  Christophe Brach-Papa  Marleen Van Bocxstaele  Eric Jamin  Malcolm Baxter  Katharina Heinrich  Simon Kelly  Daniela Bertoldi  Luana Bontempo  Federica Camin  Roberto Larcher  Matteo Perini  Andreas Rossmann  Antje Schellenberg  Claus Schlicht  Heinz Froeschl  Jurian Hoogewerff  Henriette Ueckermann 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011

The aim of this work (from the FP6 project TRACE) was to develop methods based on the use of geochemical markers for the authentication of the geographical origin of cereal samples in Europe (cf. EC regulations 2081/92 and 1898/06). For the first time, the potential usefulness of combining n(⁸⁷Sr)/n(⁸⁶Sr) and δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ¹⁸O and δ³⁴S isotopic signatures, alone or with key element concentrations ([Na], [K], [Ca], [Cu] and [Rb], progressively identified out of 31 sets of results), was investigated through multiple step multivariate statistics for more than 500 cereal samples collected over 2 years from 17 sampling sites across Europe representing an extensive range of geographical and environmental characteristics.  相似文献   

Inhibition of glucose intestinal absorption by kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside purified from Bauhinia megalandra leaves     

Patricia Rodríguez  Freddy Gonzlez-Mujica  Jairo Bermúdez  Masahisa Hasegawa 《Fitoterapia》2010,81(8):1220-1223

Glucose intestinal absorption (GIA) is one of the factors that increase glycemia. Its reduction could be an important factor in decreasing hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. It has been shown that the aqueous extract of Bauhinia megalandra leaves inhibits GIA. In the present study we identified a compound present in the extract of B. megalandra responsible for the biological effect. The methanol extract of B. megalandra leaves was fractionated using different solvents, and high-speed counter-current chromatography yielding two pure compounds identified by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR as kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside and quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside. The first one increased the K_M without changes in the V_MAX of GIA. In addition it exerted an additive inhibitory effect, on GIA, when combined with phlorizin. We suggest that kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside is a competitive inhibitor of intestinal SGLT1 cotransporter.  相似文献   

Root system traits of Mahonia aquifolium and its potential use in soil reinforcement in mountain horticultural practices     

Csilla Hudek  Mélanie Burylo  Freddy Rey 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The structural changes of Hungarian agriculture in 1989 led to many mountain horticultural farms being abandoned. These structural changes have modified land use patterns which often resulted in decreasing slope stability in mountainous farms. Mahonia aquifolium has been cultivated in Hungary for over half a century for ornamental purposes; however its possible application in shallow slope stabilization has not been discussed. This paper presents the first results on the root morphology, and root tensile strength of M. aquifolium and determines its efficiency for soil protection in horticultural farming practice. Measurements were carried out on M. aquifolium seedlings from cultivated (C) and non-cultivated (NC) soil conditions. The C and NC specimens were measured and compared for root area ratio (RAR) and root tensile strength (T_R). These results were then compared with other species for which data was available. Results showed that M. aquifolium plants from C soil conditions had a significantly higher mean RAR with depth than M. aquifolium plants from NC soil conditions. The mean T_R results showed no significant difference between M. aquifolium plants from C and NC environments. The study also showed that M. aquifolium's root structure is comparable as soil protection with the other species although a higher degree of soil reinforcement by roots was obtained with C M. aquifolium specimens. M. aquifolium roots could represent effective soil protection. Moreover the plant is well suited to the demands of small-scale horticultural farm practices under mountainous conditions.  相似文献   

Release and evaporation of volatiles during boiling of unhopped wort     

De Schutter DP  Saison D  Delvaux F  Derdelinckx G  Rock JM  Neven H  Delvaux FR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(13):5172-5180

The release and evaporation of volatile compounds was studied during boiling of wort. The observed parameters were boiling time, boiling intensity, wort pH, and wort density. The effect of every parameter was discussed and approached chemically, with an eye on beer-aging processes. The results indicated that pH highly influenced the release of flavor compounds and that the formation of Strecker aldehydes was linear with boiling time. However, because of evaporation of volatiles, information about the applied thermal load on wort is lost when using a volatile heat load indicator. The thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method, which includes the nonvolatile precursors of volatile aging compounds, proved to be a more reliable method to determine all kinds of heat load on wort. Finally, it was discussed how the obtained insights could help to understand the mechanism of beer aging.  相似文献   

Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

O Vanparijs  L Hermans  L van der Flaes 《Veterinary parasitology》1991,38(1):67-73

This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed.  相似文献   

Isolation and pathogenicity of Australian strains of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

WK JORGENSEN  NP STEWART  PJ JESTON  JB MOLLOY  GW BLIGHT  RJ DALGLIESH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(8):592-595

Objective To determine the presence of E praecox and E mitis in Australia, to isolate representative strains of these species from chickens and determine their pathogenicity.
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 10⁵ oocysts of JP and JM isolates showed significantly reduced weight gains compared with untreated controls.
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens.  相似文献   

Comparison of two cattle production systems in Pabna district Bangladesh     

H. M. J. Udo  C. Hermans  F. Dawood 《Tropical animal health and production》1990,22(4):247-259

In Pabna district, Bangladesh there are two cattle production systems: a draught-oriented system with local Deshi cattle and more milk-oriented production with Pabna Milking Cow (PMC) stock. Deshi animals are smaller than PMC animals. More PMC cows are milked than Deshi cows and the milk off-take of PMC cows is much higher. The calving interval in Deshi cows is one year longer than in PMC cows. The great majority of the bullocks and the bulls are used as draught animals. More than 80% of the Deshi cows also have to work compared with only about half of the PMC cows. The milk off-take of cows used for draught work is 30% less than that of other cows. One of the major differences between the two systems is that PMC cows have access to grazing along the rivers. These areas are increasingly taken up for cropping and the traditional Pabna milk production farming system is gradually being replaced.  相似文献   

Investigation into the heredity of congenital lateral patellar (sub)luxation in the Shetland pony     

W A Hermans  A W Kersjes  G J van der Mey  K J Dik 《The Veterinary quarterly》1987,9(1):1-8

A breeding experiment was carried out in a group of Shetland ponies in order to investigate the heredity of congenital lateral patellar (sub)luxation. A breeding herd was established and consisted of stallions and mares acquired at different times. Some were free from, and others were affected by lateral patellar (sub)luxation in either one or both femoropatellar joints. Over a period of 20 years, 49 foals were born from different mating combinations. Some offspring were free from the defect and others showed the abnormality. Though the number of foals bred during the experiment is rather small, there is sufficient evidence to suggest a monogenic autosomal recessive hereditary transmission of the defect.  相似文献   

Dolabelladienols A–C,New Diterpenes Isolated from Brazilian Brown Alga Dictyota pfaffii     

Alonso Pardo-Vargas  Ingrid de Barcelos Oliveira  Paulo Roberto Soares Stephens  Claudio Cesar Cirne-Santos  Izabel Christina Nunes de Palmer Paix?o  Freddy Alejandro Ramos  Carlos Jiménez  Jaime Rodríguez  Jackson Antonio Lamounier Camargos Resende  Valeria Laneuville Teixeira  Leonardo Castellanos 《Marine drugs》2014,12(7):4247-4259

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Anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in inland southern Queensland     

M Lyndal‐Murphy  WK Ehrlich  DG Mayer 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(11):415-420

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