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Godinho KS Sarasola P Renoult E Tilt N Keane S Windsor GD Rowan TG Sunderland SJ 《The Veterinary record》2007,160(1):22-25
An epidural puncture was performed using the lumbosacral approach in 18 dogs, and the lack of resistance to an injection of saline was used to determine that the needle was positioned correctly. The dogs' arterial blood pressure and epidural pressure were recorded. They were randomly assigned to two groups: in one group an injection of a mixture of local anaesthetic agents was made slowly over 90 seconds and in the other it was made over 30 seconds. After 10 minutes contrast radiography was used to confirm the correct placement of the needle. The mean (sd) initial pressure in the epidural space was 0.1 (0.7) kPa. After the injection the mean maximum epidural pressure in the group injected slowly was 5.5 (2.1) kPa and in the group injected more quickly it was 6.0 (1.9) kPa. At the end of the period of measurement, the epidural pressure in the slow group was 0.8 (0.5) kPa and in the rapid group it was 0.7 (0.5) kPa. Waves synchronous with the arterial pulse wave were observed in 15 of the dogs before the epidural injection, and in all the dogs after the epidural injection. 相似文献
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Silvio C��sar Godinho Teixeira Roberta Louren?o Ziolli M?nica Regina da Costa Marques Daniel Vidal P��rez 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,219(1-4):297-301
This study investigated pyrene adsorption on two contrasting Brazilian soils: a Kandiudult and a Vertisol. It was found that the time taken to reach thermodynamic equilibrium depended on the soil type. The curves for different pyrene-to-soil mass ratios for Vertisol soil showed significant differences. This is probably related to the presence of 2:1 clays that may increase the adsorption of pyrene due to the resulting interlamellar space. The adsorption of pyrene on the Kandiudult showed, in general, good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm. In the case of the Vertisol, there was good agreement with the linear isotherm. The kinetic model that best explains the adsorption in Kandiudult was the pseudo second-order model. For the Vertisol, the Morris Weber model best explains the behavior of pyrene. 相似文献
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Microhabitat use by Iberian nase Chondrostoma polylepis and Iberian chub Squalius carolitertii in three small streams, north-west Portugal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract – Microhabitat use of Iberian nase Chondrostoma polylepis (Steindachner 1865) and Iberian chub Squalius carolitertii (Doadrio 1988) was studied in three small streams of the Lima basin, north-west Portugal. Measurements were made for 210 and 248 individuals, respectively, distributed in two size classes, based on fish ages, during winter, spring, summer and autumn 1998. Both species moved to shallow and slow-flowing microhabitats in summer and autumn, but this mainly reflected seasonal variation in microhabitat availability. Larger individuals of both species used deeper and lower percentage cover areas than smaller conspecifics, however significant ontogenetic differences were only found for water velocity. Different patterns of nonrandom microhabitat use were displayed by both cyprinids. Larger I. nase were in deeper and more discovered waters than those available in the habitat, whereas I. chub was over-represented in slow-flowing areas. There was no evidence of interspecific competition for microhabitat, therefore it is unlikely that spatial resource was limited during the present study. 相似文献
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Pelegrino Marcelo Henrique Procópio Silva Sérgio Henrique Godinho de Faria Álvaro José Gomes Mancini Marcelo Teixeira Anita Fernanda dos Santos Chakraborty Somsubhra Weindorf David C. Guilherme Luiz Roberto Guimarães Curi Nilton 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(1):18-34
Precision Agriculture - Precision agriculture provides detailed information on the spatial variability of soil properties, including nutrient content, allowing for local-specific decision making.... 相似文献
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Lorena Bettinelli Nogueira Alexandre Lima Godinho Hugo Pereira Godinho 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(6):1004-1011
The characin piracanjuba, Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850), has been recognized as a candidate species for aquaculture. The early morphological development and allometric growth of hatchery‐reared piracanjuba were studied from hatching to the juvenile stage, at water temperature of 27.9 ± 0.6°C. Growth, in total length (TL), was linear during that period. At hatching (3.4 ± 0.2 mm TL), the non‐pigmented free embryo had most functional systems not fully differentiated. The primordial finfold was almost completely absorbed, except the preanal segment, in individuals measuring 9.1 ± 0.4 mm TL. Retinal pigmentation occurred as early as 24 hours posthatching (hph). The yolk sac was no longer observed after 60 hph. Body proportion and growth rates changed considerably during early morphological development. The head experienced positive allometric growth in length throughout the interval of study, and at the inflexion point of 6.6 mm TL, head growth had reduced significantly, but still remained allometrically positive. Trunk length showed negative allometric growth throughout the period of study. The growth of the postanal length was allometrically positive until the inflexion point at 7.1 mm TL, and thereafter decreased to near isometric. The allometric growth changes in the piracanjuba during initial life likely result from selective organogenesis directed towards survival priorities. 相似文献
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Sérgio Godinho Artur Gil Nuno Guiomar Nuno Neves Teresa Pinto-Correia 《Agroforestry Systems》2016,90(1):23-34
Mapping the land-cover pattern dominated by complex Mediterranean silvo-pastoral systems with an accuracy that enables precise monitoring of changing tree-cover density is still an open challenge. The main goal of this paper is to demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of the Forest Canopy Density (FCD) model in producing a remote sensing-based and detailed map of montado canopy density over a large territory in southern Portugal. This map will make a fundamental contribution to accurately identifying and assessing High Nature Value farmland in montado areas. The results reveal that the FCD model is an effective approach to estimating the density classes of montado canopy (overall accuracy = 78.0 %, kappa value = 0.71). The study also shows that the FCD approach generated good user’s and producer’s accuracies for the three montado canopy-density classes. Globally, the results obtained show that biophysical indices such as the advanced vegetation index, the bare soil index, the shadow index and the thermal index are suitable for estimating and mapping montado canopy-density classes. These results constitute the first remote sensing-based product for mapping montado canopy density that has been developed using the FCD model. This research clearly demonstrates that this approach can be used in the context of Mediterranean agro-forestry systems. 相似文献
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Dr. habil. W. Bäumler C. Naumann-Etienne J. Godinho C. Grilo T. Sezinando A. Vinhas 《Journal of pest science》1984,57(7):134-138
The following rodents caused damages in the continental part of Portugal (Iberian peninsula) during the last years: The Roof Rat (Rattus rattus) is dominating in the dry and hot regions in the south of Portugal. This rat lives preferably on old carob trees and gnaws fruits and bark of this tree. It occurs also in rural settlements, in poultries and stores. The Brown Rat (R. norvegicus) occurs in the urban and rural regions, in stores, stock-farmings, in rice and maize fields of the damp lowlands. It caused losses of crop up to 30% and harbours various zoonoses like the Weil disease. The freeliving House Mouse (Mus spretus) causes damages on seeds. It selects first of all the expensive hybrid-seeds of melones in greenhouses. In this case the best seeding time is failed and the crop cannot be harvested when the market prices are high. The Iberian Vole (Microtus [Pitymys] lusitanicus) caused damages in apple orchards in the north of Portugal. In the years 1980/82 up to 15% of apple trees were destroyed in some culvivations. Furthermore damages on potatoes, beets and bulbs were observed. Together with other mice and voles also nurseries of cork oak (Quercus suber) were destroyed. The Mediterranean Vole (M. [P.] duodecimcostatus) is a pest mainly in intensively irrigated citrus orchards in the south of Portugal. Up to 5% of citrus trees were destroyed per year. Furthermore severe losses up to 70% were observed in artichoke fields. The problems with voles in orchards are relatively new and evoked by following facts: In the last decades many apple orchards of the highly susceptible sort “Golden Delicious” and pear orchards were founded near the banks of rivers in wet habitats. In the citrus orchards the bulbs of the pest weedOxalis pes-caprae, which was introduced before World War II, are now the ideal main food for the Mediterranean Vole. The number of voles however increased drastically by installation of intensive irrigation systems in the citrus plantations. Several cultural and poisoning methodes against the Iberian and the Mediteranean Vole were proved. Until now best results were obtained with an granulated bait and with apple slices coated with talkum powder containing 0.005% Difenacoum (Tab. 1). The baits were filled in the opened galleries. Two weeks after one application the activity of the Mediterranean Vole was reduced by 70%. Further investigations were carried out to improve these results by different means. 相似文献
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Sérgio Godinho Nuno Guiomar Rui Machado Pedro Santos Paulo Sá-Sousa J. P. Fernandes Nuno Neves Teresa Pinto-Correia 《Agroforestry Systems》2016,90(1):177-192
Montado decline has been reported since the end of the nineteenth century in southern Portugal and increased markedly during the 1980s. Consensual reports in the literature suggest that this decline is due to a number of factors, such as environmental constraints, forest diseases, inappropriate management, and socioeconomic issues. An assessment on the pattern of montado distribution was conducted to reveal how the extent of land management, environmental variables, and spatial factors contributed to montado area loss in southern Portugal from 1990 to 2006. A total of 14 independent variables, presumably related to montado loss, were grouped into three sets: environmental variables, land management variables, and spatial variables. From 1990 to 2006, approximately 90,054 ha disappeared in the montado area, with an estimated annual regression rate of 0.14 % year?1. Variation partitioning showed that the land management model accounted for the highest percentage of explained variance (51.8 %), followed by spatial factors (44.6 %) and environmental factors (35.5 %). These results indicate that most variance in the large-scale distribution of recent montado loss is due to land management, either alone or in combination with environmental and spatial factors. The full GAM model showed that different livestock grazing is one of the most important variables affecting montado loss. This suggests that optimum carrying capacity should decrease to 0.18–0.60 LU ha?1 for livestock grazing in montado under current ecological conditions in southern Portugal. This study also showed that land abandonment, wildfire, and agricultural practices (to promote pastures, crops or fallow lands) were three significant variables influencing montado loss. 相似文献
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