Did transmission of Helicobacter pylori from humans cause a disease outbreak in a colony of Stripe-faced Dunnarts (Sminthopsis macroura)?     

Every AL  Selwood L  Castano-Rodriguez N  Lu W  Windsor HM  Wee JL  Swierczak A  Marshall BJ  Kaakoush NO  Mitchell HM  Sutton P 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):26

ABSTRACT: Since the discovery that Helicobacter pylori causes a range of pathologies in the stomachs of infected humans, it has become apparent that Helicobacters are found in a diverse range of animal species where they are frequently associated with disease. In 2003 and 2004, there were two outbreaks of increased mortality associated with gastric bleeding and weight-loss in a captive colony of the Australian marsupial, the Stripe-faced Dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura). The presence of gastric pathology led to an investigation of potential Helicobacter pathogenesis in these animals. Histological examination revealed the presence of gastritis, and PCR analysis confirmed the presence of Helicobacter infection in the stomachs of these marsupials. Surprisingly, sequencing of 16S rRNA from these bacteria identified the species as H. pylori and PCR confirmed the strain to be positive for the important pathogenesis factor, cagA. We therefore describe, for the first time, an apparent reverse zoonotic infection of Stripe-faced Dunnarts with H. pylori. Already prone to pathological effects of stress (as experienced during breeding season), concomitant H. pylori infection appears to be a possible essential but not sufficient co-factor in prototypic gastric bleeding and weight loss in these marsupials. The Stripe-faced Dunnart could represent a new model for investigating Helicobacter-driven gastric pathology. Infections from their human handlers, specifically of H. pylori, may be a potential risk to captive colonies of marsupials.  相似文献   

Critiquing pro‐poor tourism – By Scheyvens Regina     

Hazel Tucker 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2011,52(3):379-380

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Production of volatiles in brown boronia flowers after harvest. I: Effect of clonal type and incubation temperature     

Hazel S. Mactavish  Robert C. Menary 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):436-439

Summary

The potential for enhanced concentrations of essential oils (solvent-extracted floral products) in flowers from four genetically distinct clones of brown boronia (Boronia megastigma Nees) as a result of post-harvest incubation was assessed. Flowers were sampled throughout 48 h of incubation at 12 and 308C. There was significant variation in the changes observed between clones. Increases in the concentration of floral extract as a result of incubation varied from 3% to 19%, the maximum concentration of floral extract observed was 2.13% (dry-weight basis). The volatile portion of the extract increased by between 25 and 117%, and the concentration of b-ionone, the main volatile of interest, increased by between 45 and 181%. The maximum concentration of total volatiles observed was 0.47%, and of b-ionone, 0.165%; all values being expressed as a percentage of dry flower weight. The most significant increase in floral extract, total volatiles and b-ionone after harvest, occurred in clone 250. Increases in all components were greater as a result of incubation at 128C for 48 h compared with 308C for 12 h.  相似文献   

Exploring the abomasal lymph node transcriptome for genes associated with resistance to the sheep nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta     

Anton Gossner  Hazel Wilkie  Anagha Joshi  John Hopkins 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):68

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Feline behavior guidelines from the American Association of Feline Practitioners     

Overall KL  Rodan I  Beaver BV  Carney H  Crowell-Davis S  Hird N  Kudrak S  Wexler-Mitchel E;Panel on Feline Behavior Guidelines;American Association of Feline Practitioners 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,227(1):70-84

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A two-step species-specific 16S rRNA PCR assay for the detection of Taylorella equigenitalis in horses     

Buckley TC  Millar BC  Egan CL  Gibson P  Cosgrove H  Stanbridge S  Matsuda M  Moore JE 《Irish veterinary journal》2005,58(3):146-149

: A two-step PCR assay was developed for the molecular detection of Taylorella equigenitalis, a Gram-negative genital bacterial pathogen in horses. Two specific oligonucleotide primers (TE16SrRNABCHf [25mer] and TE16SrRNABCHr [29mer]) were designed from multiple alignments of the 16S rRNA gene loci of several closely related taxa, including T. asinigenitalis. Subsequent enhanced surveillance of 250 Thoroughbred animals failed to detect the presence of this organism directly from clinical swabs taken from the genital tract of mares and stallions. Such a molecular approach offers a sensitive and specific alternative to conventional culture techniques, and has the potential to lead to improved diagnosis and subsequent management of horses involved in breeding programmes.  相似文献   

Segregation in the New Zealand Labour Market     

Hazel V. J. Moir 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》1977,18(1):104-109

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Quaternary landscape ecology: Relevant scales in space and time   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Hazel R. Delcourt  Paul A. Delcourt 《Landscape Ecology》1988,2(1):23-44

Two primary goals of landscape ecologists are to (1) evaluate changes in ecological pattern and process on natural landscapes through time and (2) determine the ecological consequences of transforming natural land-scapes to cultural ones. Paleoecological techniques can be used to reconstruct past landscapes and their changes through time; use of paleoecological methods of investigation in combination with geomorphic and paleoethnobiological data, historical records, and shorter-term ecological data sets makes it possible to integrate long-term ecological pattern and process on a nested series of temporal and spatial scales. Natural experiments of the past can be used to test alternative hypotheses about the relative influences of environmental change, biological interactions, and human activities in structuring biotic communities within landscape mosaics.On the absolute time scale of the Quaternary Period, spanning the past 1.8 million years, current distributional ranges of the biota have taken shape and modern biotic communities have assembled. Quaternary environmental changes have influenced the development of natural landscapes over time scales of centuries to hundreds of thousands of years; human cultural evolution has resulted in the transformation of much of the biosphere from natural to cultural landscapes over the past 5,000 years. The Quaternary extends to and includes the present and the immediate future. Knowledge of landscape changes on a Quaternary time scale is essential to landscape ecologists who wish to have a context for predicting future trends on local, regional, and global scales.  相似文献   

Long-acting injections in racing greyhounds     

Bentall H 《The Veterinary record》2007,160(25):881-882

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New multiple-herbicide crop resistance and formulation technology to augment the utility of glyphosate   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Green JM  Hazel CB  Forney DR  Pugh LM 《Pest management science》2008,64(4):332-339

Glyphosate has performed long and well, but now some weed communities are shifting to populations that survive glyphosate, and growers need new weed management technologies to augment glyphosate performance in glyphosate-resistant crops. Unfortunately, most companies are not developing any new selective herbicides with new modes of action to fill this need. Fortunately, companies are developing new herbicide-resistant crop technologies to combine with glyphosate resistance and expand the utility of existing herbicides. One of the first multiple-herbicide-resistant crops will have a molecular stack of a new metabolically based glyphosate resistance mechanism with an active-site-based resistance to a broad spectrum of ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Additionally, new formulation technology called homogeneous blends will be used in conjunction with glyphosate and ALS-resistant crops. This formulation technology satisfies governmental regulations, so that new herbicide mixture offerings with diverse modes of action can be commercialized more rapidly and less expensively. Together, homogeneous blends and multiple-herbicide-resistant crops can offer growers a wider choice of herbicide mixtures at rates and ratios to augment glyphosate and satisfy changing weed management needs.  相似文献