The Animal Health and Welfare Law: the veterinary statement as evidence and the role of veterinarians in legal procedures     

van Wessum R 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(5):130-132

Every veterinarian can be confronted with the request from a law enforcement agency to conduct a veterinary examination based on the Animal Health and Welfare Act and to produce a written report of that examination. This Veterinary Statement can be used in court. The Veterinary Statement is an important piece of evidence, so it should be formulated with care. The veterinarian in charge must be aware of the requirements that the Veterinary Statement must meet and the legal procedures that must be followed.  相似文献   

Artificial insemination     

van Lieshout JA 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(2):51-54

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Interview with Dr. Ingrid van der Gaag. 'Fortunately, I don't need much sleep.' (Interview by Sophie Deleu)     

van der Gaag I 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(22):728-729

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Cooperative veterinarian in search and rescue cases must be well considered     

van Wessum R 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(14-15):491

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Morbillivirus in common seals stranded on the coasts of Belgium and northern France during summer 1998     

Jauniaux T  Boseret G  Desmecht M  Haelters J  Manteca C  Tavernier J  van Gompel J  Coignoul F 《The Veterinary record》2001,148(19):587-591

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The sharpening and polishing of dental instruments     

Nijhuis J  van Foreest AW 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(9):317-323

This article describes the maintenance of dental instruments in a companion animal practice, in particular the correct sharpening techniques for tartar scrapers, curettes, excavators, and elevators. Sharp instruments are essential for the quality and speed of dental care.  相似文献   

Canine von Willebrand's disease type 2 in German wirehair pointers in the Netherlands     

van Dongen AM  van Leeuwen M  Slappendel RJ 《The Veterinary record》2001,148(3):80-82

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Human health hazards associated with the administration of antimicrobials to slaughter animals. Part II. An assessment of the risks of resistant bacteria in pigs and pork     

Berends BR  van den Bogaard AE  Van Knapen F  Snijders JM 《The Veterinary quarterly》2001,23(1):10-21

Risks for the consumer regarding the acquisition of resistant bacteria and/or resistance genes via the consumption of pork are discussed. In general, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli that originate from animals do not easily transfer their resistance genes to the resident intestinal flora of humans. The prevalence of resistant E. coli in humans seems more associated with being a vegetarian (odds ratio (OR) 1.89) than with the consumption of meat and meat products. Other risk factors are treatment with antimicrobials (OR 2-5), becoming hospitalized (OR 5.93), or working in a health setting (OR 4.38). In the Netherlands, annually an estimated 45,000 people (0-150,000) become a carrier of resistant E. coli and/or resistance genes that ori ginate from pigs, while an estimated 345,000 persons (175,000-600,000) become a carrier of resistant E. coli and/or resistance genes that originate from hospitals, e.g. other patients. Any problems with resistant Salmonella spp. that stem from pigs are, in fact, an integral part of the total problem of food-borne salmonellosis. Sometimes there are outbreaks of a specific multi-resistant clone of S. typhimurium that causes problems in both farm animals and humans. The probability that in the next 30 years there is no or maximally one outbreak of a specific clone that originates from pig herds is estimated at about 75%. Antimicrobials used as a growth promoter can have a measurable influence on the prevalence of resistant bacteria. The likely chain of events regarding avoparcin and the selection and dissemination of resistance against vancomycin in the enterococci gives the impression that the impact of the use of antimicrobials in animals on the prevalence of resistance in humans is largely determined by whether resistance genes are, or become, located on a self-transferable transposon. Furthermore, consumer health risks of antimicrobials used in slaughter pigs are mainly determined by the selection and dissemination of bacterial resistance and much less by the toxicological properties of any residues in pork. It is also concluded that most of the problems with resistant bacteria in humans are associated with the medical use of antimicrobials, and that the impact of particularly the veterinary use of antimicrobials is limited. However, the impact of antimicrobials used as a feed additive appears to be much greater than that of antimicrobials used for strictly veterinary purposes. The use of antimicrobials as a feed additive should therefore be seriously reconsidered.  相似文献   

Cows, cats, and FSE: death penalty justified?     

Oomkes C  van Knapen F 《The Veterinary quarterly》2001,23(1):51-52

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies affect a number of mammalian species. The most common spongiform encephalopathies are scrapie in sheep and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle. Feline Spongiform Encephalopathy (FSE) is a related disorder in domestic cats. Because of the link between BSE and FSE, cats are put on a par with cattle, in terms of politics and regulations. In the Netherlands, when a case of BSE is found on a farm, not only the ruminants, but also the cats are taken away for post-mortem examination. So far, the cats examined have always been negative for FSE. There are no scientific reasons for destroying the cats on farms where BSE has been found.  相似文献   

Comparison of three closure methods and two absorbable suture materials for closure of jejunal enterotomy incisions in healthy dogs     

Kirpensteijn J  Maarschalkerweerd RJ  van der Gaag I  Kooistra HS  van Sluijs FJ 《The Veterinary quarterly》2001,23(2):67-70

The macroscopic and histological appearance of jejunal antimesenteric incisions approximated with two different absorbable suture materials (monofilament versus multifilament) and three closure techniques (appositional single layer, crushing single layer, and double layer) were compared in healthy dogs at 14 or 28 days, postoperatively. No significant differences between the two suture materials were observed for most of the macroscopic or histological variables. However, the monofilament suture material caused significantly more fibrous tissue reaction in the muscular layer of the jejunum than did the multifilament suture material. Of the three enterotomy closure techniques used in this study, the appositional single-layer method proved to be the best. The double-layer closure method caused a significant decrease in the incisional circumference, the relative circumference, and volume of the jejunum, and a significant increase in jejunal wall thickness. Our findings suggest that canine jejunal enterotomy incisions can be closed using an appositional suture pattern with relatively rapidly absorbable monofilament suture material. The use of double-layer suture patterns for closure of jejunal enterotomy incisions should be avoided because the size of the intestinal lumen may be reduced.  相似文献