Kinetics of local and systemic isoforms of serum amyloid A in bovine mastitic milk     

Jacobsen S  Niewold TA  Kornalijnslijper E  Toussaint MJ  Gruys E 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,104(1-2):21-31

The aim of the present study was to characterise the serum amyloid A (SAA) response to intramammary inoculation of Escherichia coli and to examine the distribution of hepatically and extrahepatically produced SAA isoforms in plasma and milk from cows with mastitis. Milk and plasma SAA concentrations were determined before and after experimental induction of E. coli mastitis in six dairy cows. The milk SAA response was characterised by low or undetectable levels before inoculation, very rapid and large increases in concentration after inoculation, and rapid decline towards baseline levels after resolution of disease. In plasma from cows with experimentally induced E. coli mastitis, four hepatically derived SAA isoforms with apparent isoelectric point (pI) values of 5.8, 6.2, 6.8 and 7.4 were demonstrated by denaturing isoelectric focusing. In milk three highly alkaline isoforms with apparent pI values above 9.3 appeared 12 h post-inoculation. These isoforms were not present in any of the plasma samples, and it therefore seems likely that they were locally produced, tissue-specific isoforms. At 24-36 h post-inoculation one or more acidic isoforms corresponding to those found in plasma appeared in the milk samples. The isoforms demonstrated in plasma from cows with E. coli mastitis were also present in serum obtained from three cows with clinical Streptococcus uberis mastitis. In conclusion, experimentally induced E. coli mastitis is accompanied by a prominent SAA response. The results of the present study indicate that SAA accumulation in mastitic milk is the result of both local synthesis of SAA and of hepatically derived SAA gaining access to the milk due to increased permeability of the blood-milk barrier.  相似文献   

Dose dependency and individual variability in selected clinical, haematological and blood biochemical responses after systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge in cattle     

Jacobsen S  Toelboell T  Andersen PH 《Veterinary research》2005,36(2):167-178

Previous studies have noted that susceptibility to systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure seems to differ between individual cows. However, to date inter-individual variation in the response to intravenous injection of LPS has been reported only as an empirical finding, and its existence or extent has never been backed up by statistical analyses. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the dose-dependency of clinical, haematological and blood biochemical responses to intravenous LPS injection in dairy cattle and to determine the extent to which these responses differed between individual cows. Eight dairy cows each received three intravenous injections of Escherichia coli LPS (10, 100, and 1000 ng/kg, consecutively) at three-week intervals. All three LPS doses induced clinical, haematological, and blood biochemical responses lasting up to several days. The strength of all of the responses increased significantly with an increasing LPS dose. A statistically significant inter-individual variation was demonstrated for all clinical, haematological, and blood biochemical responses except for serum calcium concentrations. More than half of the statistical variation in white blood cell and thrombocyte counts could be attributed to the individual. The results of this study show that despite the existence of a dose-response relationship between LPS and ensuing clinical, haematological, and blood biochemical responses, the majority of responses to LPS differ significantly in strength and duration from cow to cow.  相似文献   

No peri- and postnatal effects on calves born after transfer of in vitro produced embryos vitrified by the open pulled straw (OPS) method     

Jacobsen H  Holm P  Schmidt M  Avery B  Greve T  Callesen H 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2003,44(1-2):87-95

The general objective of this study was to perform follow-up studies including selected peri- and postnatal characteristics on calves born after transfer of in vitro produced (IVP) embryos vitrified by the 'Open Pulled Straw' (OPS) method. An overall pregnancy rate of 16% after transfer of the OPS-vitrified IVP embryos was achieved and resulted in birth of 9 calves, with 11 AI calves serving as controls. There were no immediate or long-term effects on these calves with respect to birth weight, gestation length, perinatal mortality, growth rate, disease susceptibility and reproductive performance.  相似文献   

Influences of stage of lactation, teat position and sequential milk sampling on the composition of domestic cat milk (Felis catus)     

K. L. Jacobsen  E. J. DePeters  Q. R. Rogers  S. J. Taylor 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2004,88(1-2):46-58

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Activity of 2-(1-alkenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones and related compounds against Musca domestica     

Niels Jacobsen  Lars-Erik K. Pedersen 《Pest management science》1986,17(5):511-516

A series of 2-(1-alkenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones has been prepared and their toxicities assessed against Musca domestica. By comparison with analogous compounds having saturated 2-alkyl substituents, or unsaturated substituents with an unconjugated double bond (e.g. lapachol), it was demonstrated that the α-unsaturation of the substituent is responsible for a significant increase in the toxicity. The effect of the compounds against several other insect species and Tetranychus urticae follows completely different patterns.  相似文献   

Fungicidal activity of 2-(1-alkenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones and related compounds     

Niels Jacobsen  Anita Wengel 《Pest management science》1986,17(6):686-690

The fungicidal activity of a series of 2-(1-alkenyl)-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones and their acetates has been assessed against various fungi in vitro and against others, notably powdery mildews, in vivo, and the activity compared with that of analogous compounds bearing saturated side chains. Several of the compounds demonstrated a broad spectrum of activity in vitro. Whereas the presence of α-unsaturation in the side chain is essential for the in-vitro activity against the non-obligate fungi tested, it is of virtually no importance for the curative effect against Erysiphe graminis on barley. Only the corresponding acetates had activity against the latter pathogen.  相似文献   

Neonatal infections in puppies caused by Escherichia coli serogroups 04 and 025.     

J Askaa  K B Jacobsen  M S?rensen 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1978,30(11):486-488

Three cases of neonatal E. coli infection in Newfoundland dogs are described. The serological examination showed that the implicated E. coli belonged to sero-group 04 in two outbreaks while sero-group 025 was responsible for one outbreak. In one of the kennels with implication of 04, this 0-group was also isolated from adult dogs with diarrheal conditions.  相似文献   

Cartilage-derived retinoic acid-sensitive protein in equine synovial fluid from healthy and diseased joints     

Berg LC  Lenz J  Kjelgaard-Hansen M  Thomsen PD  Jacobsen S 《Equine veterinary journal》2008,40(6):553-557

Reasons for performing study: More sensitive and specific diagnostic methods for early detection of changes in the joint cartilage are needed. Cartilage‐derived retinoic acid‐sensitive protein (CD‐RAP) is a potential marker of cartilage synthesis and regeneration. This is the first study on equine CD‐RAP. Objectives: To evaluate the ability of a commercially available human sandwich ELISA assay to detect equine CD‐RAP in synovial fluid from healthy and diseased joints. Methods: Synovial fluid was collected from 28 horses with no signs of joint disease and from 5 with induced inflammatory arthritis. CD‐RAP concentrations were measured using a human CD‐RAP ELISA. Intra‐ and interassay imprecision of the assay were evaluated by multiple measurements on pools of equine synovial fluid. Assay inaccuracy was determined by linearity under dilution. Results: The assay showed moderate to large intra‐ and interassay variation when applied to equine synovial fluid. Equine CD‐RAP was detected in synovial fluid from healthy horses ranged at 8.2–52 ng/ml. Repeated arthrocentesis (after injection of isotonic saline), age, joint or gender did not significantly affect CD‐RAP concentrations. Twelve hours after intra‐articular injection of lipopolysaccharide, concentrations of CD‐RAP were significantly lower than after injection of isotonic saline and remained significantly lower until the end of the study at 144 h. Conclusion and potential relevance: The assay is suitable for longitudinal monitoring of CD‐RAP concentration in individual horses. Disease significantly influenced CD‐RAP levels. Similar to previous results obtained in man, CD‐RAP seems to be a marker of cartilage synthesis and/or regeneration in horses.  相似文献   

How to link biomanipulation and sustainable fisheries management: a step-by-step guideline for lakes of the European temperate zone   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

T. Mehner  & R. Arlinghaus  S. Berg  H. Dörner  L. Jacobsen  P. Kasprzak  R. Koschel  & T. Schulze  C. Skov  & C. Wolter  & K. Wysujack 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2004,11(3-4):261-275

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Water relations and yield of lysimeter-grown strawberries under limited irrigation     

F. Liu  S. Savić  C.R. Jensen  A. Shahnazari  S.E. Jacobsen  R. Stikić  M.N. Andersen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

The effects of partial root-zone drying (PRD), as compared to deficit irrigation (DI) and full irrigation (FI), on strawberry (cv. Honeoye) berry yield, yield components and irrigation water use efficiency (WUE_I) were investigated in a field lysimeter under an automatic rain-out shelter. The irrigation treatments were imposed from the beginning of flowering to the end of fruit maturity. In FI the whole root zone was irrigated every second day to field capacity viz. volumetric soil water content (θ) of 20%; while in DI and PRD 60% water of FI was irrigated to either the whole or one-half of the root system, respectively, at each irrigation event. In PRD, irrigation was shifted from one side to the other side of the plants when θ of the drying side had decreased to 8–11%. Compared to FI plants, leaf water potential was significantly lower in DI and PRD plants in 3 out of 10 measurement occasions, while stomatal conductance was similar among the three treatments. Leaf area, fresh berry yield (FY), individual berry fresh weight, berry water content, and berry dry weight (DW) were significantly lower in DI and PRD plants than those of FI plants; whereas the total number of berry per plant was similar among treatments. Compared with FI, the DI and PRD treatments saved 40% of irrigation water, and this led to a 28 and 50% increase of WUE_I based on berry FY and DW, respectively, for both DI and PRD. Conclusively, under the conditions of this study PRD had no advantage compared to DI in terms of berry yield and WUE_I. DI and PRD similarly decreased berry yield and yield components and thus cannot be recommended under similar conditions.  相似文献