Lesions of right heart failure and ascites in broiler chickens   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J B Wilson  R J Julian  I K Barker 《Avian diseases》1988,32(2):246-261

A naturally occurring cardiomyopathy in broiler chickens from a single Ontario farm was studied in order to define the morphologic changes. Gross and histologic features of affected birds were compared with those in age-matched control penmates. Body weight and weight and volume of individual cardiac chambers were measured. Histologic sections of 18 different tissues were examined, and lesions observed were scored subjectively. Affected birds were stunted and had marked right ventricular dilation and hypertrophy, atrial hypertrophy, ascites, pulmonary congestion and edema, and hepatic capsular fibrosis. Microscopic changes in the heart of affected birds were mild and did not suggest a specific cause of heart failure. Lungs had marked hypertrophy of parabronchial smooth muscle and collapse and apparent loss of associated air capillaries. Other histologic changes observed were thought to be the result of passive congestion of viscera caused by right heart failure and chronic debility. Although the specific etiology of this condition could not be determined, it was felt that this syndrome was unlikely to have been the result of any of the commonly recognized causes of congestive heart failure and ascites in broilers.  相似文献   

Osteochondrosis, dyschondroplasia, and osteomyelitis causing femoral head necrosis in turkeys   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R J Julian 《Avian diseases》1985,29(3):854-866

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Differences in the kinetics of T cell accumulations in C3H/HeN (Bcg-resistant) and C57BL/6 (Bcg-susceptible) mice infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis     

Ronald S. Veazey  David W. Horohov  James L. Krahenbuhl  H. Wayne Taylor  Julian L. Oliver  Theron G. Snider  III 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1996,19(4):289-304

The accumulation of various T cell subsets in Bcg-susceptible (C57BL/6) and -resistant (C3H/HeN) strains of mice were compared following an intraperitoneal infection with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. Groups of mice from both strains were killed at 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 150 days after infection and lymphocytes were harvested from the peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), spleen, intestinal epithelial lymphocytes (IEL), lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), Peyer's patches, and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and labelled with monoclonal antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, γδ TCR, CD25, and CD44 for flow cytometric analysis. Uninfected C3H/HeN mice had higher proportions of CD4+ cells in the spleen, MLN, LPL, IEL and Peyer's patches, while uninfected C57BL/6 mice had higher proportions of CD8+ and/or γδ T cells. Significant increases in accumulation of CD8+ and γδ T cells were detected in the peritoneum and other tissues in both strains of mice after infection. Higher CD4/CD8 ratios were observed in most lymphoid tissues of C3H/HeN mice, while increased proportions of CD8+ and/or γδ T cells were present in C57BL/6 mice. These results indicate that significant differences in T cell profiles exist between these two strains of mice, both inherently and in response to infection with M. paratuberculosis. Innately lower levels of CD4+ cells and/or higher percentages of CD8+ and γδ T cells may play a role in the increased susceptibility of C57BL/6 mice to infection with M. paratuberculosis.  相似文献   

Nutritional planning for Nellore heifers post-weaning to conception at 15 months of age: performance and nutritional,metabolic, and reproductive responses     

de Almeida  Daniel Mageste  Marcondes  Marcos Inácio  Rennó  Luciana Navajas  Pereira Silva  Luiz Henrique  Martins  Leandro Soares  Marquez  David Esteban Contreras  Castaño Villadiego  Faider Alberto  Velez Saldarriaga  Felipe  Franco  Julian David Castaño  Moreno  Deilen Paff Sotelo  de Moura  Felipe Henrique  Paulino  Mário Fonseca 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(1):79-87

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategic supplementation in the dry period and dry/rainy transition period on the performance and...  相似文献   

Mitteilungen     

Julian Schlagheck 《Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde》1991,64(4):80

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Ascorbic acid–cyclodextrin complex alters the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in bovine in vitro produced embryos     

Viviana Torres  Meriem Hamdi  Veronica Maillo  Rodrigo Urrego  Jose Julian Echeverri  Albeiro Lpez‐Herrera  Alfonso Gutirrez‐Adn  Dimitrios Rizos  Maria Jesús Snchez‐Calabuig 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(1):55-62

Ascorbic acid (AC) used as antioxidant in embryo culture is very sensitive and degrades unavoidably in aqueous solution. Methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (CD) improved the stability of AC in solution to elevated temperature, light, humidity and oxidation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the complex AC‐CD during in vitro maturation (IVM) or in vitro culture (IVC) on oocyte developmental competence and subsequent embryo development and quality. AC‐CD (100 µM) was added to IVM media, and maturation level and embryo development were examined. Matured oocytes, their cumulus cells and produced blastocysts were snap‐frozen for gene expression analysis by RT‐qPCR. Besides, in vitro‐produced zygotes were cultured with 100 µM of AC‐CD and blastocysts were as well snap‐frozen for gene expression analysis. A group without AC‐CD (control^?) and other with CD (control⁺) were included. No differences were found on maturation, cleavage or blastocyst rates. However, in matured oocytes, AC‐CD downregulated BAX, GPX1 and BMP15. In cumulus cells, AC‐CD downregulated BAX/BCL2 and GSTA4 while upregulated BCL2 and CYP51A1. The expression of SL2A1, FADS1, PNPLA and MTORC1 was downregulated in blastocysts derived from oocytes matured with AC‐CD, while in blastocysts derived from zygote cultured with AC‐CD, CYP51A1 and IGF2R were downregulated and PNPLA2 was upregulated. In conclusion, AC‐CD in both IVM and IVC media may reduce accumulated fat by increasing lipolysis and suppressing lipogenesis in blastocysts derived from both oocytes and zygotes cultured with AC‐CD, suggesting that CD improves the quality of embryos and bioavailability of AC during IVM and IVC.  相似文献   

Detection of HEV in naturally infected swine from central Argentina by an optimized HEV/MS2 duplex RT‐qPCR     

Federico Marziali  Julian Acosta  Elisa Bolatti  Santiago Mirazo  Patricia Skejich  Patricia Silva  Julie Brassard  Alejandro Costaguta  Daniela Gardiol  Ana Laura Cavatorta 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(7):729-738

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is currently considered as a global health concern due to the recognition of its zoonotic transmission to humans, mainly from swine, and its association with the development of severe cases of hepatitis in human risk populations. The lack of updated data on HEV state of infection in swineherds of Argentina, and the necessity of robust technologies for its detection in complex biological samples, positions HEV as an emerging issue in public health. Here, we have optimized a RT‐qPCR with internal control for a more precise and accurate HEV RNA detection in swine stool samples. We implemented this optimized molecular tool to analyse the current epidemiological scenario of HEV infection in swine from the core region of commercial activity of Argentina. A total of 135 stool samples were collected from 16 different farms and tested for HEV presence, resulting in 11 positive cases (8.1%). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all of them correspond to HEV genotype 3 and that different subtypes circulate in the region. Moreover, two of the detected strains presented a high nucleotide similarity with a previously identified isolate from human sewage discharges, suggesting the zoonotic transmission of HEV to humans. Collectively, this work provides a better understanding of HEV epidemiology in Argentina while contributes to the improvement of HEV detection technologies.  相似文献   

Using otolith microchemistry to reconstruct habitat use of American eels Anguilla rostrata in the St. Lawrence River–Lake Ontario system          下载免费PDF全文

José Benchetrit  Mélanie Béguer‐Pon  Pascal Sirois  Martin Castonguay  John Fitzsimons  Julian J. Dodson 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(1):19-33

Catadromy among freshwater eels is increasingly recognised as being facultative, with some individuals carrying out growth exclusively in brackish or coastal marine waters, or switching between brackish or marine waters and freshwater habitats. In an attempt to reconstruct habitat use of yellow‐stage American eels in a large river‐lake ecosystem, trace element line scans were obtained, using LA‐ICP‐MS, from the otoliths of 110 eels sampled at various locations throughout the St. Lawrence River–Lake Ontario (SLRLO) system. Elemental profiles for strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), manganese (Mn) and magnesium (Mg) enabled us to distinguish three chemical signatures that appear to represent three distinct habitats within the SLRLO. Of these, one was shown to likely correspond to the brackish estuary (high strontium values). The other two signatures, characterised by low strontium but variable concentrations of barium and manganese, may correspond to habitats within the main‐stem St. Lawrence River and one or more of its tributaries. Most (78%) of the switches among habitats occurred within the first four years after recruitment suggesting an increasing likelihood for eels to maintain residence in one habitat as they grow older. This suggests that tributaries may provide important habitats for American eels during the first several years after recruiting to the SLRLO. In addition, our results suggest that a small proportion American eels in the SLRLO can undertake movements on the order of at least 200 km during the early growth stage. This information has important implications for the management and conservation of this species in the system.  相似文献   

Atomic view of a toxic amyloid small oligomer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Laganowsky A  Liu C  Sawaya MR  Whitelegge JP  Park J  Zhao M  Pensalfini A  Soriaga AB  Landau M  Teng PK  Cascio D  Glabe C  Eisenberg D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6073):1228-1231

Amyloid diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and the prion conditions, are each associated with a particular protein in fibrillar form. These amyloid fibrils were long suspected to be the disease agents, but evidence suggests that smaller, often transient and polymorphic oligomers are the toxic entities. Here, we identify a segment of the amyloid-forming protein αB crystallin, which forms an oligomeric complex exhibiting properties of other amyloid oligomers: β-sheet-rich structure, cytotoxicity, and recognition by an oligomer-specific antibody. The x-ray-derived atomic structure of the oligomer reveals a cylindrical barrel, formed from six antiparallel protein strands, that we term a cylindrin. The cylindrin structure is compatible with a sequence segment from the β-amyloid protein of Alzheimer's disease. Cylindrins offer models for the hitherto elusive structures of amyloid oligomers.  相似文献   

A fine-scale chimpanzee genetic map from population sequencing     

Auton A  Fledel-Alon A  Pfeifer S  Venn O  Ségurel L  Street T  Leffler EM  Bowden R  Aneas I  Broxholme J  Humburg P  Iqbal Z  Lunter G  Maller J  Hernandez RD  Melton C  Venkat A  Nobrega MA  Bontrop R  Myers S  Donnelly P  Przeworski M  McVean G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6078):193-198

To study the evolution of recombination rates in apes, we developed methodology to construct a fine-scale genetic map from high-throughput sequence data from 10 Western chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus. Compared to the human genetic map, broad-scale recombination rates tend to be conserved, but with exceptions, particularly in regions of chromosomal rearrangements and around the site of ancestral fusion in human chromosome 2. At fine scales, chimpanzee recombination is dominated by hotspots, which show no overlap with those of humans even though rates are similarly elevated around CpG islands and decreased within genes. The hotspot-specifying protein PRDM9 shows extensive variation among Western chimpanzees, and there is little evidence that any sequence motifs are enriched in hotspots. The contrasting locations of hotspots provide a natural experiment, which demonstrates the impact of recombination on base composition.  相似文献