Additions to plant diseases recorded in the Yemen Arab Republic     

M. Kamal  K. M. Ahmed  Saleh el Makaleh 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):434-435

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Corn yield response to crowding stress and cropping season     

Hassan Mokhtarpour  Christopher Teh  Ghizan Saleh  Ahmad Selamat  Mohammad Esmail Asadi  Behnam Kamkar 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(8):853-871

Corn (Zea mays L.) is planted in two seasons per year in northern Iran (mid-April as a main crop and mid-June as a second crop). The main objective of this study was to determine whether corn yield response would differ between these two seasons and different plant populations. Two field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Center of Golestan – Iran in 2007 and 2008 at different planting densities. The results showed that the values of grain yield and most traits were significantly lower in the second season. Maximum grain yield was observed at planting densities of 6.5 plants m^?2 in the first season, whereas in the second season grain yield was the same for planting densities between 2.5 and 12.5 plants m^?2. Based on the second-year experimental results, the following functions were fitted to show the relationship between yield ha^?1 (Y) and planting densities (X) for the first and second seasons, respectively: (Y = ?167.6X ² + 2672.2X + 511.77; R ² = 0.992) and (Y = 1200.1 ln(X) + 2924.4; R ² = 0.935). This study found that the optimum plant population was 6.5 plants m^?2 under low heat stress, and should be reduced to 2.5–4.5 plants m^?2 under heat stress conditions.  相似文献   

Use of needle enhancing software to improve injection technique amongst inexperienced anaesthetists performing ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerves blocks in dogs     

Jaime Viscasillas  Livia Benigni  David Brodbelt  Hatim Alibhai 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(6):e83-e90

ObjectiveTo determine if the use of needle enhancing software facilitate injection technique in ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerve blocks.Study designProspective, blinded, randomized controlled trial.AnimalsEight hind limbs from canine cadavers.MethodsThe limbs were randomly allocated to two groups; software on (group I) and software off (group II). Eight anaesthetists with no previous experience of ultrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia were recruited. Thirty‐six procedures were carried out (18 per group). After sciatic nerve visualisation via ultrasonography, the anaesthetist introduced a needle guided by ultrasonography. When the tip of the needle was considered by the anaesthetist to be as close as possible to the nerve without touching it, 0.05 mL of methylene blue dye was injected. Parameters evaluated included: number of attempts to visualise the needle with ultrasonography, time spent to perform the technique, subjective evaluation of ease of needle visualisation, proximity of the tip of the needle to the nerve, and, at dissection of the leg, inoculation site of the dye in relation to the nerve.ResultsSignificant differences between groups were identified in relation to the number of attempts (group I: median 1, IQR: 1 – 1 attempts versus group II: median 1, IQR: 1 – 4 attempts, p = 0.019), and the relationship between the dye and the nerve during hind limb dissection (72.2% of the nerves were stained in group I versus 16.6% in group II,p = 0.003). No significant difference between groups was observed with respect to the time taken to perform the procedure (group I: median 25.5, IQR: 18.4 – 44.3 seconds versus group II: median 35.7, IQR: 18.6–78.72 seconds, p = 0.31), subjective evaluation of the needle visualization (p = 0.45) or distance between the tip of the needle and the nerve as measured from the ultrasound screen (p = 0.23).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThis study identified greater success rate in nerve staining when the needle enhancing software was used. The results suggest that the use of this technique could improve injection technique amongst inexperienced anaesthetists performing ultrasound‐guided peripheral nerve blocks in dogs.  相似文献   

Antidiabetic activity evaluation of glimepiride and Nerium oleander extract on insulin, glucose levels and some liver enzymes activities in experimental diabetic rat model     

Mwafy SN  Yassin MM 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(21):984-990

The present study is aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of sulfonylurea drug glimepiride in comparison with Nerium oleander plant extract on insulin, glucose levels and some liver enzymes activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 50 mg kg(-1) body weight streptozotocin. Rats with serum glucose levels > 200 mg dL(-1) were subdivided into three sub-groups: the first sub-group were remained without treatment and considered as diabetics. The second and third subgroups were orally administered 0.1 mg kg(-1) body weight/day glimepiride and 250 mg kg(-1) body weight/day Nerium oleander, respectively for 4 weeks. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia compared to controls. Strong negative correlation (r = -0.8) was found between serum insulin and glucose levels in diabetic rats. This correlation was +0.4 and -0.3 in glimepiride and Nerium olender-treated rats, respectively implying that glimepiride and plant extract improved insulin and glucose levels with the former was more efficient. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats compared to controls. Treatment of diabetic rats with glimepiride or Nerium oleander extract also improved liver enzymes activities.  相似文献   

Lipid, protein and carbohydrate intake in relation to body mass index: an Italian study     

Randi G  Pelucchi C  Gallus S  Parpinel M  Dal Maso L  Talamini R  Augustin LS  Giacosa A  Montella M  Franceschi S  La Vecchia C 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(3):306-310

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the association between macronutrient intake and body mass index (BMI). DESIGN: A series of hospital-based case-control studies. SETTINGS: Selected teaching and general hospitals in several Italian regions. SUBJECTS: A total of 6619 subjects from the comparison groups of the case-control studies were included in the analysis. METHODS: We obtained data from a validated 78-item food-frequency questionnaire submitted between 1991 and 2002. For various macronutrients, the partial regression coefficient (variation of BMI (kg m(-2)) per 100 kcal increment of energy intake) was derived from multiple linear regression models, after allowance for age, study centre, education, smoking habits, number of eating episodes and mutual adjustment for macronutrients. RESULTS: BMI was directly associated with protein intake among women only (beta = 0.68) and with unsaturated fats in both genders (for monounsaturated fats beta = 0.27 for men and 0.26 for women; for polyunsaturated fats beta = 0.27 for men and 0.54 for women), and inversely related to carbohydrates (beta = -0.05 for men and -0.21 for women) and number of eating episodes in both genders (beta = -0.42 for men and -0.61 for women) and to saturated fats among women only (beta = -0.57). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm and provide convincing evidence that, after allowance for selected covariates including total energy intake, a protein-rich diet is not inversely related to BMI, and a carbohydrate-rich diet is not directly related to BMI.  相似文献   

Antioxidant capacity,antioxidant compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities in five date cultivars during development and ripening     

Mohamed A. Awad  Adel D. Al-Qurashi  Saleh A. Mohamed 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Antioxidant capacity, antioxidant compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities in dates of five cultivars during development and ripening were studied in the 2009 and 2010 seasons. Fruit growth followed a smooth sigmoid curve with maximum weight at the bisir stage. Both the antioxidant capacity measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the antioxidant compound (phenols, tannins and vitamin C) concentrations decreased from young stages through to the maturation and the ripening stages. The antioxidant capacity was highly positively correlated with the concentration of antioxidant compounds in most cultivars. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, peroxidase, catalase and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) increased from the hababouk through to the kimri and/or the bisir stage, upon cultivar, and thereafter, declined at the ripening stages. The possible relation of these biochemical changes with fruit maturation and ripening was discussed.  相似文献   

Microsatellite polymorphism in Italian populations of northern pike (Esox lucius L.)     

Livia Lucentini  Antonella Palomba  Hovirag Lancioni  Lilia Gigliarelli  Mauro Natali  Fausto Panara 《Fisheries Research》2006,80(2-3):251-262

Northern pike (Esox lucius) is not considered an endangered species in Italy, but since recent studies indicate the decline of this population, conservation and management strategies based on the genetic differentiation of natural northern pike populations are needed. In this paper, genetic diversity was analysed in 10 Italian and 2 East European northern pike populations by means of seven microsatellite loci. Data indicated an appreciable genetic differentiation, in spite of a low genetic variation, and agreed with the low level of genetic polymorphism already observed for this species in North America and North Europe. Results of statistical tests revealed genetic peculiarities of the Italian populations, even though signals of recent contact between populations were found and discussed in relation to anthropic impacts, particularly to the stocking practice. This investigation represents the first approach to the knowledge of the genetic variability of Italian pike populations using microsatellite markers, and reported results could be of interest for future management and conservation programmes of this species in Italy.  相似文献   

Studies on samh seeds (Mesembryanthemum forsskalei Hochst) growing in Saudi Arabia: 2: Chemical composition and microflora of samh seeds     

M. Saleh Al-Jassir  Abdelmoneim I. Mustafa  M. A. Nawawy 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1995,48(3):185-192

The chemical composition of samh seed have been investigated. Proximate analysis showed a composition of 22.25% protein, 5.7% moisture, 5.6% fat, 4.0% ash, 9.7% crude fiber, and the remainder being total carbohydrates. Mineral element analysis revealed that potassium, magnesium, sodium and calcium were present as the major elements. Iron, manganese, zinc and copper were found at lower levels. However, lead was not detected in the samh seeds. Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of the methylester of the fatty acids of the samh seeds oil revealed the presence of fourteen fatty acids. Linoleic and oleic acids were the principle unsaturated fatty acids. While palmitic acid was the main saturated fatty acid. Amino acid analysis of the samh seeds showed the presence of seventeen amino acids including eight essential amino acids. Glutamic acid, arginine, and aspartic acid were the major amino acids. Cystine and proline were present in trace amounts. These results some of which have not been reported elsewhere indicate the high nutritional potential of Saudi samh seeds. The total aerobic bacterial count and total sporeformers of seeds were 19×10⁷ and 5×10⁴ cfu/g respectively, thus the enterobacteriaceae,B cereus and yeast and molds were 5×10², 1×10² and 7×10² respectively. The seeds were Staph. free and the samh extract had no antimicrobial effect.  相似文献   

Review of The Economics of Regulation in Agriculture: Compliance with Public and Private Standards     

Livia Olsen 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2014,15(2):144-145

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Review of Animal Manure Recycling: Treatment and Management,by Sven G. Sommer,Morten L. Christensen,Thomas Schmidt,and Lars S. Jensen (Eds.).     

Livia Olsen 《Journal Of Agricultural & Food Information》2014,15(3):223-224

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