Prevalence and anatomopathological characterization of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas with regional and distant metastases in dogs and cats: 20 cases (1985–2020)     

Alex dos Santos  Éryca Ceolin Lamego  Luíza Müller Eisenhardt  Indianara de Vargas  Mariana Martins Flores  Rafael Almeida Fighera  Glaucia D. Kommers 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(2):291-301

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of regional and distant metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in dogs (n = 11) and cats (n = 9) in a retrospective case series over 36 years (1985–2020), as well as to characterize its macroscopic aspects (location and size), degree of differentiation (well, moderately and poorly differentiated [WD, MD and PD, respectively]) and the rate of cell proliferation, by counting the AgNORs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to identify patterns of tumour migration and invasion (islands, ribbons, cords, small aggregates, individual cells [fusiform and amoeboid]) and to evaluate the intensity of desmoplasia and the amount of myofibroblasts. The prevalence of metastatic SCCs was 4.39% (21/478), being 3.8% in dog (12/309) and 5.3% in cat (9/169). Metastases affected lymph nodes in all dogs and 66% (6/9) of cats, and less frequently distant organs. Primary tumours predominantly affected the abdominal skin in dogs and the nasal planum in cats. Among the 20 cases, 52% were MDs, 34% were WDs, and 14% were PDs. Histological lesions suggestive of exposure to chronic solar radiation were present in 57% (8/14). The main patterns of tumour migration and invasion were islands for WD SCCs and individual cells for PD SCCs. MD SCCs had a mix of patterns. In cats, individual spindle cells were restricted to PDs. A marked desmoplastic reaction was more associated with PD SCCs and often with MDs. This study highlights that the prevalence of SCC metastases in dogs and cats is predominantly regional. The IHC was essential in the identification of individual fusiform keratinocytes, whose presence in surgical margins may represent a greater risk of recurrence. Although the presence of myofibroblasts was observed in all infiltrative and metastatic tumours, further studies evaluating these cells may be important to better understand their role in the tumour microenvironment of cutaneous SCCs with metastasis in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

Photoprotection of vitamins in skimmed milk by an aqueous soluble lycopene-gum Arabic microcapsule     

Montenegro MA  Nunes IL  Mercadante AZ  Borsarelli CD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(2):323-329

Riboflavin (Rf)-mediated photosensitized degradation of vitamins A and D3 in skimmed milk under illumination with a white fluorescence lamp was studied by using the HPLC technique. The photosensitized degradation of both vitamins followed first-order kinetics, and the temperature effect on the observed photodegradation rate constant allowed the determination of the activation energy Ea as being 4 and 16 kcal/mol for vitamins A and D3, respectively. The addition of lycopene microencapsulated by spray-drying with a gum arabic-sucrose (8:2) mixture (MIC) produced a reduction of ca. 45% in the photosensitized degradation rate of both vitamins. Front-face fluorescence experiments showed the same photoprotection factor in the degradation of Rf itself, indicating that the photodegradation mechanism involved Rf-mediated reactive species, such as the excited triplet state of Rf, 3Rf*, and/or singlet molecular oxygen, 1O2. The interaction of both 3Rf* and 1O2 with MIC was evaluated in aqueous solutions by using laser-induced time-resolved absorption or emission spectroscopy, and the contribution of an inner-filter effect in the presence of MIC in skimmed milk was evaluated by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The main operating mechanism of photoprotection is due to the deactivation of 3Rf* by the proteic component of gum arabic; thus, gum arabic based microcapsules could be used to improve the photostability of milk during its storage and/or processing under light.  相似文献   

Leucine-tRNA initiates at CUG start codons for protein synthesis and presentation by MHC class I   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Starck SR  Jiang V  Pavon-Eternod M  Prasad S  McCarthy B  Pan T  Shastri N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6089):1719-1723

Effective immune surveillance by cytotoxic T cells requires newly synthesized polypeptides for presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. These polypeptides are produced not only from conventional AUG-initiated, but also from cryptic non-AUG-initiated, reading frames by distinct translational mechanisms. Biochemical analysis of ribosomal initiation complexes at CUG versus AUG initiation codons revealed that cells use an elongator leucine-bound transfer RNA (Leu-tRNA) to initiate translation at cryptic CUG start codons. CUG/Leu-tRNA initiation was independent of the canonical initiator tRNA (AUG/Met-tRNA(i)(Met)) pathway but required expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 2A. Thus, a tRNA-based translation initiation mechanism allows non-AUG-initiated protein synthesis and supplies peptides for presentation by MHC class I molecules.  相似文献   

Meiotic stability in two valuable interspecific hybrids of Brachiaria (Poaceae)     

Mariana F. Felismino  Maria S. Pagliarini  Cacilda B. Do Valle  Rosângela. M. S. Resende 《Plant Breeding》2012,131(3):402-408

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Bromocriptine Treatment for Inappropriate Lactation in Mares: A Case Report     

Marcela Gonçalves Meirelles  Carina de Fátima Guimarães  Mariana Baroni Selim  Francisco Palma Rennó  Carla Bargi Belli  Claudia Barbosa Fernandes 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012

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Accuracy assessment and screening of a dairy herd with paratuberculosis by three different ELISAs     

Costanzo G  Pinedo FA  Mon ML  Viale M  Gil A  Illia MC  Gioffré A  Arese A  Travería G  Romano MI 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,156(1-2):183-188

Although the culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis, this bacterium is difficult to grow. In contrast, serological tests like ELISAs are inexpensive, rapid, and easy to perform. The aims of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of three different ELISAs: one with the commercial antigen PPA-3, another one with L5P (a recently described lipopentapeptide), and a third one with an in-house antigen whole cell lysates (WCL) of M. avium (MAA) strain D4ER (Study 1), and to compare them with other tests for paratuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis (Study 2). In Study 1, the sensitivities of the three ELISAs tested were 74.1%, 37% and 74.1%, respectively, whereas their specificities were 98.9%, 100% and 100%, respectively. In Study 2, we compared the three above-mentioned ELISAs with the intradermal reaction test using Avian PPD (PPDa) and fecal culture associated with Ziehl-Neelsen stain and PCR tests, in a dairy herd with 4.6% of cows with clinical signs of PTB. The results showed that fecal samples from 14 cows (16%) were culture-positive and that fecal samples from nine cows (10%) were PPDa-positive. Most of these animals (culture-positive and PPDa-positive) were detected as positive with any of the three ELISAs tested. Serological results showed that 31% of the animals were positive to ELISA-PPA-3, 17% to ELISA-L5P and 42.5% to ELISA-WCL. The combination of these three ELISAs identified 50.6% of the animals as positive in the infected herd. In particular, the results show that the locally developed ELISA seems to be useful for identifying many infected animals in a herd.  相似文献   

Uncovering the Bioactive Potential of a Cyanobacterial Natural Products Library Aided by Untargeted Metabolomics     

Leonor Ferreira  Joo Morais  Marco Preto  Raquel Silva  Ralph Urbatzka  Vitor Vasconcelos  Mariana Reis 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

The Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology Culture Collection (LEGE-CC) holds a vast number of cyanobacteria whose chemical richness is still largely unknown. To expedite its bioactivity screening we developed a natural products library. Sixty strains and four environmental samples were chromatographed, using a semiautomatic HPLC system, yielding 512 fractions that were tested for their cytotoxic activity against 2D and 3D models of human colon carcinoma (HCT 116), and non-cancerous cell line hCMEC/D3. Six fractions showed high cytotoxicity against 2D and 3D cell models (group A), and six other fractions were selected by their effects on 3D cells (group B). The metabolome of each group was organized and characterized using the MolNetEnhancer workflow, and its processing with MetaboAnalyst allowed discrimination of the mass features with the highest fold change, and thus the ones that might be bioactive. Of those, mass features without precedented identification were mostly found in group A, indicating seven possible novel bioactive molecules, alongside in silico putative annotation of five cytotoxic compounds. Manual dereplication of group B tentatively identified nine pheophytin and pheophorbide derivatives. Our approach enabled the selection of 7 out of 60 cyanobacterial strains for anticancer drug discovery, providing new data concerning the chemical composition of these cyanobacteria.  相似文献   

Evaluation of immune response and performance of silver catfish fed functional linseed fibres in response to hypoxia stress     

Taida Juliana Adorian  Patrícia Inês Mombach  Dirleise Pianesso  Bruno Bianch Loureiro  Naglezi de Menezes Lovatto  Fernanda Rodrigues Goulart  Yuri Bohnenberger Telles  Mariana Macedo  Leila Picolli da Silva 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(10):3060-3069

This study was conducted to evaluate the immunostimulating activity and growth promoting of diets supplemented with different rations of soluble and insoluble linseed fibre to Rhamdia quelen under hypoxia‐induced acute stress. For this reason, soluble and insoluble fractions of linseed fibre were concentrated separately and combined into four ratios (1:0.5; 1:1; 1:2 and 1:4), which were added to the diets of silver catfish (6.43 ± 0.12 g) and evaluated in a biological assay, along with a control diet (without addition of linseed fibre). After being fed the experimental diets for 45 days, specimens of silver catfish were submitted to hypoxia‐induced acute stress. They were kept out of water for 60 s. Immediately afterwards, blood and cutaneous mucus were collected for subsequent determination of immunological indicators and stress. After stress, the fish were weighed and measured for performance parameter calculation. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replications. The data underwent analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey's test (p < .05). The fish fed diets containing the 1:2 and 1:4 soluble:insoluble fibre ratios, showed higher total protein content, globulin, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, and performance in addition to higher mucoprotein content in the cutaneous mucus of the fish. Regardless of their ratio in the diet, linseed fibre provided higher plasma levels of total immunoglobulins and reduction in cortisol levels. The 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 diets led to higher levels of total immunoglobulins and alkaline phosphatase activity in cutaneous mucus. The results indicate that linseed fibre has a stress‐ reduction, immunostimulant and a growth promoter effect on silver catfish. The 1:2 or 1:4 soluble: insoluble fibre ratios provided greater stimulation of the target immunological indicators and performance.  相似文献   

Aurantiochytrium sp. meal can replace fish oil in practical diets for the juvenile Pacific white shrimp     

Ariane Martins Guimares  Delano Dias Schleder  Mariana Nagata  Renata Oselame Nbrega  Dbora Machado Fracalossi  Walter Quadros Seiffert  Felipe do Nascimento Vieira 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(4):798-807

This study evaluated the use of microalgae (Aurantiochytrium sp.) meal as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a clear‐water system. Dietary treatments at five replacement levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) were performed in triplicate. After 46 days, only a slight difference in shrimp final weight was observed among treatments (0.61 g). An increase in final weight was observed with replacement of up to 50% fish oil for microalgae meal, while the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 44.7%. Feed conversion rate (FCR) of animals fed a diet of Aurantiochytrium sp.meal to replace up to 50% fish oil decreased, and the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 49.3%. The fatty acids profile in shrimp muscle tissue demonstrated an increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 10.03% to 14.28% with increased replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal in the diet. Therefore, the partial replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal resulted in improved shrimp growth and FCR, and total replacement of dietary fish oil had no negative effects on these parameters. In addition, inclusion of microalgae meal raises the level of DHA in shrimp muscle.  相似文献   

The role of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart. 1824) as a chemoprotective agent in the evaluation of antioxidant defence,oxidative damage and histology of juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931) exposed to ammonia     

Grecica Mariana Colombo  Cleber dos Santos Simio  Marcos Josu Schmitz  Virgínia Fonseca Pedrosa  Luis Alberto Romano  Marcelo Borges Tesser  Patrícia Baptista Ramos  Wilson Wasielesky  Jos María Monserrat 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(4):1551-1566

This study investigated the effects of the use of the inclusion of açaí on the diet of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei on antioxidant and histopathological responses after exposure to ammonia. The shrimps were fed two experimental diets: control and with 10% of açaí inclusion (W/W), for 35 days. Afterwards, the organisms were exposed at four concentrations of ammonia (0.01‐control; 0.26; 0.48 and 0.91 mg NH₃‐N L^?1) for 96 hr. The total antioxidant capacity (ACAP) of the gills decreased significantly in both diets when exposed to ammonia, whereas in the muscle, the açaí promoted an increase in ACAP. Concomitantly, lipid peroxidation levels increased in the gills and decreased in muscle. After exposure to ammonia, glutathione‐S‐transferase activity increased in hepatopancreas in shrimps fed with açaí facilitating the detoxification of lipid peroxidation by‐products, and the concentration of protein sulfhydryl groups decreased in the gills and muscle of the shrimp of the control diet, evidencing protein damage, an unobserved response in shrimps that received the açaí diet. Histopathological changes decreased in açaí‐fed shrimps about the control diet after exposure to ammonia. It is concluded that açaí mitigated ammonia‐induced histopathological changes, improved the antioxidant defence system (gills and muscle) and attenuated the lipid damage in the muscle.  相似文献