Methods and Processes of Developing the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology – Veterinary (STROBE‐Vet) Statement          下载免费PDF全文

J. M. Sargeant  A. M. O'Connor  I. R. Dohoo  H. N. Erb  M. Cevallos  M. Egger  A. K. Ersbøll  S. W. Martin  L. R. Nielsen  D. L. Pearl  D. U. Pfeiffer  J. Sanchez  M. E. Torrence  H. Vigre  C. Waldner  M. P. Ward 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(8):651-661

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Pathogenesis of bovine mamillitis virus infection in cattle     

W B Martin  Z H James  I M Lauder  M Murray  H M Pirie 《American journal of veterinary research》1969,30(12):2151-2166

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Avascular necrosis: occurrence in diving cretaceous mosasaurs     

Rothschild B  Martin LD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4797):75-77

A study of vertebrae of extinct giant marine lizards showed the presence of avascular necrosis in two of the three most common genera of these mosasaurs, Platecarpus and Tylosaurus. This bone disease was invariably present (involving 5 to 66% of vertebrae) in these genera, but absent in a third genus Clidastes. Differential occurrence of avascular necrosis may be related to decompression syndrome, suggesting different habitat and diving habits of the respective genera.  相似文献   

The relationship among current management systems, production, disease and drug usage on Ontario dairy farms   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

A H Meek  S W Martin  J B Stone  I McMillan  J B Britney  D G Grieve 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1986,50(1):7-14

The study involved 110 randomly selected dairy farms located in the Ontario, Canada counties of Bruce, Grey, Huron, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo and Wellington. Herds were classified as "intensive" and "extensive". On extensive farms, data were collected at the herd level only, while on intensive farms, data were recorded at both the individual animal and herd level. Data collection continued for approximately two and one-half years. At each visit, technicians collected production data from the most recent production recording scheme report and from the "daily log" maintained by each producer. As well as the ongoing data collection procedures, a number of supplementary data collections were made. The average 305 day milk production increased gradually during the three calendar years from 6224.6 kg in 1981 to 6443.7 kg in 1983. The average calving interval was stable at 13.2 months for all three years. The majority of cows removed from the herds were culled for beef (0.243 per animal year). The next highest removal rate was for domestic sale, followed by death, export sale and destroyed. The highest disease rate, for those conditions whose rates were based on calving, was for retained placenta (0.09 per calving), while clinical mastitis was highest for those conditions whose rates were based on animal years (0.37 per animal year). The overall crude antimicrobial dosage rate, that is, including any antimicrobial used for either prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, was 3.85 doses per animal year. The rate for therapeutic purposes only was 3.6 doses per animal year. Penicillin/streptomycin was used most often with a rate of 1.45 doses per animal year.  相似文献   

Size and shape of cock hackles derived from three varieties of Spanish chickens related to dry‐fly construction     

J. Escudero  L. G. Raya  T. G. Martin 《British poultry science》1986,27(4):651-660

1. Length, width and width:length ratio of feathers were measured in two bands of the necks of 109 cocks to estimate repeata‐bilities and correlations between traits. Three Spanish varieties were studied.

2. The normality of the distributions was adequate based on the Shapiro‐Wilk W‐test. The variances of the length:width ratios were not homogeneous but the inverse ratio (width:length) was acceptable.

3. For the width.‐length mean ratio of the two bands, the order of merit for the varieties was Cistierna>Riano>Plateada Vasca.

4. The repeatability estimates ranged from 043 to 0–54, which indicated a moderate degree of variance among animals and between bands of feathers relative to the variation within animals.

5. Correlation coefficients showed a positive relationship between length and width (r=0–45 to 0–72), a negative correlation between length and width:length ratio (r= —0–48 to —0–65) and no association between width and width:length ratio.  相似文献   

Factors associated with the production of attenuated sheep pox vaccines     

S T Chifney  W B Martin  H Ergin  A K?ylü 《Research in veterinary science》1973,14(1):62-68

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99mTc-labeled dextran for mammary lymphoscintigraphy in dogs     

Camila Trevisan Pereira  Fabio Luiz Navarro Marques  Jamie Williams  Benedicto Wlademir De Martin  Pedro Primo Bombonato 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(5):487-491

Lymphoscintigraphy is the technique of choice for sentinel lymph node detection in women with early breast cancer, but there is limited information evaluating the value of this technique in animals. We investigated mammary lymphatic drainage in 25 young female mongrel dogs by intramammary injection of 18.5 MBq of 99mTc-dextran (70,000 Da). Lymph node anatomical referencing was obtained using an external marker, bone scintigraphy, or scintiscanning the body contour. Cranial and caudal thoracic mammary glands drained into the cranial sternal lymph node and axillary lymph center. The cranial thoracic mammary gland also drained into the superficial cervical lymph node in two of five animals. The cranial abdominal gland was drained by the axillary lymph center. The caudal abdominal mammary gland was drained by the superficial inguinal lymph node in all animals and simultaneously by medial iliac lymph nodes in four of five animals. In one dog, this mammary gland was also drained by the mediastinal and the superficial cervical lymph nodes. The inguinal mammary gland was drained by superficial inguinal lymph nodes and simultaneously via the medial iliac lymph node in one animal. Lymphatic communications between lymph nodes were identified in 11 of 25 (44%) animals. 99mTc-dextran mammary lymphoscintigraphy was easy and rapid to perform and may provide valuable information for further studies.  相似文献   

Assessment of low-cost teleradiology for grading elbow dysplasia.     

Gawain Hammond  Toby Gemmill  Dominic Mellor  Martin Sullivan 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):20-25

Teleradiology involves the creation of a radiographic image that is then transmitted electronically. It has been shown that low-cost teleradiology has a high level of agreement when comparing the original radiograph to the digital image. However, there has been little investigation of the effect of digitization on the score allocated by a grading scheme. Radiographs of 60 canine elbows were selected, each in three projections (mediolateral flexed, mediolateral neutral, craniocaudal). Each radiograph was photographed at 3 megapixel (3 M) and 6 megapixel (6 M) resolution using a digital camera. The images were placed in groups (radiographs, 3 M and 6 M) and randomized. Each elbow was independently graded by a radiologist and an orthopedic surgeon using the BVA elbow scoring scheme, with the different image sets interpreted separately. Intra and interobserver agreement was compared using a kappa analysis. The radiologist had substantial intraobserver agreement for repeated grading of radiographs, and moderate agreement for the other intraobserver tests (3 M vs. radiographs, 6 M vs. radiographs, 3 vs. 6 M). The surgeon had moderate to substantial agreement for the intraobserver tests. There was reduced interobserver agreement for all image groups. These results suggest that low-cost teleradiology may only allow moderate accuracy when used for grading schemes, and this may affect its use for breed scoring schemes. However, there appears to be an inherent subjectivity present in the elbow-grading scheme, seen in both intra and interobserver analysis. Therefore, further study of teleradiology using a different scoring model (e.g., hip dysplasia) may be indicated.  相似文献   

Effects of propofol on ultrasonic indicators of haemodynamic function in rabbits     

Baumgartner C  Bollerhey M  Henke J  Wagner S  Ungerer M  Erhardt W 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2008,35(2):100-112

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cardiovascular effects of intravenous propofol in rabbits. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, experimental study. ANIMALS: Thirty-one female New Zealand White rabbits. METHODS: Rabbits were allocated to one of two groups [propofol (P) or conscious (C)]. In C (n = 16) vascular dimensions were measured using ultrasound of the left common carotid artery (ACC) and the abdominal aorta (AA). Group P (n = 15) received propofol 4.0-8.0 mg kg(-1) intravenously (IV). Anaesthesia was maintained with propofol at 1.2-1.3 mg kg(-1) minute(-1). Subsequently, three propofol injections (8 mg kg(-1)) were given. Before and for 10 minutes after each injection the following vascular and haemodynamic variables were recorded (a) at the ACC after the first injection; and (b) at the AA after the second injection: vessel diameter [D, (mm)], peak systolic, minimum diastolic, end-diastolic and average blood flow velocities [psBFV, mdBFV, edBFV, Vave (cm second(-1))], average volumetric flow [VFave (mL s(-1))], resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) and end-tidal CO(2) (Pe'CO(2)). Echocardiography was performed after the third propofol bolus injection to investigate changes in cardiac parameters [fractional shortening, FS (%)]. RESULTS: Intravenous propofol injections caused a significant decrease in vessel diameter, volumetric flow and edBFV, and significant increases in psBFV, RI and PI. Baseline levels for vessel diameter and psBFV were restored 6-8 minutes after injection. Propofol injection decreased FS significantly by 7 minutes after injection while MAP and HR were significantly reduced for 4 minutes. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Injections of propofol (8 mg kg(-1)) produced an immediate, transient decrease in vascular diameters, a significant decrease in ventricular performance and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance (ACC and AA). Propofol should probably not be or only carefully used in rabbits with ventricular dysfunction.  相似文献   

Management factors and clinical implications of glandular and squamous gastric disease in horses     

Benjamin W. Sykes  Mark Bowen  Jocelyn L. Habershon‐Butcher  Martin Green  Gayle D. Hallowell 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(1):233-240

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