耦合水文情势及鱼类繁殖的江垭水库生态调度需求研究（生态调度专刊）          下载免费PDF全文

徐薇  魏秘  曹俊  高少波  朱迪 《水生态学杂志》2024,45(1):103-111

大型水库实施生态调度是修复河流水文情势、维持河流生态系统健康的重要手段。江垭水库位于溇水干流下游的张家界慈利县，是澧水流域具有重要防洪意义的大型水库。本研究通过环境DNA采样、IHA水文指标变动分析和文献资料总结等方法，开展了江垭坝下水文情势及鱼类繁殖需求的关系研究，提出了江垭水库生态调度需求及建议。2021年9月在溇水干支流综合调查到鱼类55种，与上世纪90年代相比，流水性种类在干流江段显著减少了51.35%；按照生态调度优先等级评估原则，确定江垭水库生态调度的主要目标物种为产漂流性卵的银鲴、银鮈、贝氏?和产粘沉性卵的鲤、鲫；江垭建坝前后下游水文情势变化较大，发生高度改变且对鱼类洄游产卵及鱼卵发育有重要作用的水文指标包括：年最大1日、3日平均流量指标，年出现高流量脉冲事件的次数和持续时间，以及连续日流量上涨率。以促进坝下不同产卵类型的鱼类繁殖为目标，江垭水库生态调度一方面需要恢复一定的高流量脉冲次数和历时，另一方面需要控制下游的水位日降幅，通过泄放合理的生态流量来维持下游鱼类的生物多样性。  相似文献   

THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF INFECTIOUS EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN VENEZUELA     

Kubes V  Ríos FA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1939,90(2323):20-21

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Aluminosilicates at different levels in rye litter and feed affect the growth and meat quality of broiler chickens     

Banaszak  Mirosław  Biesek  Jakub  Adamski  Marek 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):37-47

Veterinary Research Communications - Litter sanitation treatments and feed supplements that stimulate bird growth. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of zeolite (z) and halloysite (h)...  相似文献   

Validation of a small-area method for estimating the spatial distribution of the degree of tree damage     

Rafał Podlaski 《European Journal of Forest Research》2004,123(3):229-237

This article presents a validation of a method, proposed in Podlaski (2003), for estimating the degree of tree damage. This method belongs to a group of small-area methods. To estimate the degree of tree damage in individual P₃ sub-blocks of the SINUS system of information on the natural environment, a classification based on the degree of defoliation was used. Spatial distribution of the degree of tree damage was estimated through unrestricted simple random sampling. The maximum total estimation error for proportions of fir and beech with a damage degree of zero, and also with second and third degrees jointly, reached a maximum of 35.6% for fir, and 33.8% for beech. P₃ sub-blocks characterised by the highest proportion of the healthiest trees (at least 15% being undamaged trees) occurred in patches in the case of fir, and in larger, compact areas in the case of beech. Because spatial diversification in the health of fir, and to a smaller degree in the case of beech, occurs at small scales, small-area methods for estimating tree condition are necessary. An analogous scheme, combining small-area with large-area methods (utilising sub-blocks of the network of large-area systems in a small-area inventory, and establishing a common database), could be used on a wider scale; for example, by supplementing the program of estimating tree health carried out by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Lorenz et al. 2002) with local inventories.  相似文献   

Entwicklung und Zuwachs einiger Nadelbaumkulturen in Mittel- und Ost-Serbien     

V. Stamenković  V. Miščević 《European Journal of Forest Research》1973,92(1):275-291

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Studies on insects and mites causing galls on the leaves of purple willow Salix purpurea L. in the Ojców National Park in Poland     

Małgorzata Skrzypczyńska 《Journal of pest science》2001,74(1):11-12

Analytical studies were conducted on the species composition of galls occurring on the leaves of Salix purpurea L. in the Ojców National Park in 1999?–?2000. The species composition of galls was identical in two consecutive years. Galls were caused by 5?species (a total of 480?galls). The most numerous species in both years was Pontania viminalis (L.). Index of occurrence frequency and Agrell's index of species co-existence have been calculated. This index reached the highest values in case of Pontania dolichura (Thoms.) and P. viminalis (L.) in 1999 as well as Phyllocolpa leucaspis (Tischb.) and P. viminalis (L.) in 2000.  相似文献   

Theoretical simulation of cutting edge wear when milling wood and wood based products     

Bolesław Porankiewicz 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(2):107-117

Theoretical simulation of cutting edge wearing when milling wood and melamine coated particle board based on stochastical and analytical methods is presented. Abrasion, high temperature corrosion (HTC) and frictional wearing effects are discussed. Results of computations show good correlation between the observed and predicted wear rate for three different experiments. Relations between predicted tool wear rate from HTC, content (C _CP) and size (S _CP) of particles of hard mineral contamination and density (D) of cut material is also presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Cohabitation of tree holes by ants and breeding birds in a temperate deciduous forest     

Sławomir Mitrus  Grzegorz Hebda  Tomasz Wesołowski 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2016,31(2):135-139

A previously unknown association of ants with birds breeding in tree holes is described. Ants Lasius brunneus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were found in c. 15% of nests of Parus major L. and Poecile palustris L. (Paridae) breeding in tree holes in the primeval deciduous forest located in the Bia?owie?a National Park (Poland). The ants preferably used holes located higher above the ground. As such holes are warmer than the unused holes or other nest sites, it is suggested that the ants cohabit holes utilized by the tits to gain thermal benefits.  相似文献   

The variation of tree-ring widths of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) affected by air pollution     

Sławomir Wilczyński 《European Journal of Forest Research》2006,125(3):213-219

Using eight populations of Scots pine growing in foothills of the Sudetes (southern Poland) as an example, the character and causes of annual ring variation in 1900–1999 were studied. The climate had a short-term effect on radial growth during the whole period investigated. A long-term decrease of radial growth occurred after 1960, but only in some localities. It was probably caused by non-climatic factors, most likely by industrial pollution. The decline of trees during that period is mainly evidenced by a high variation of width of annual rings, a small similarity of chronologies of annual ring widths, and a lack of signal years. After 1990, the tree recovery process was evident. It was most intensive in localities where the earlier stress was the most severe. Then, trees started to produce wide annual rings, homogeneity of the growth reaction increased, and the signal years began to occur.  相似文献   

High-speed steel tool wear during wood cutting in the presence of high-temperature corrosion and mineral contamination     

Bolesław Porankiewicz  Piotr Iskra  Jakub Sandak  Chiaki Tanaka  Karol Jóźwiak 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(8):673-682

Dulling of high-speed steel (HSS) cutting tools after milling five wood species has been analyzed. The wood investigated varied in mineral contamination, high-temperature corrosivity (HTC) and density (D). Experiments performed proved that up to date methods for evaluation of mineral contamination in wood should be improved. A new pipe-like form of mineral contamination particles was evidenced. The correlation between the presence of 3D aggregates of silica in wood and high content of K and Ca in the ash was established. Employing multivariable theoretical simulation method, the combined effect of mineral contamination, HTC and wood density on the tool dullness appeared to be a reasonable explanation of the results obtained.  相似文献