Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments from Lake Maryut, Alexandria, Egypt   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Assem Omar. Barakat  Alaa Mostafa  Terry L. Wade  Stephen T. Sweet  Nadia B. El Sayed 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,218(1-4):63-80

Surface and core sediments from Lake Maryut, Egypt, one of the most polluted lakes in Egypt, were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using gas chromatography?Cmass spectrometry. This investigation represents the first extensive study of the distribution and sources of PAHs in sediments from Lake Maryut. The total PAHs concentrations (sum of 39 PAH compounds) in surface sediments varied greatly depending on the sampling location and ranged from 106 to 57,800 ng/g dry weight with a mean concentration of 6,950 ng/g. The most polluted areas are distributed in areas which are mainly influenced by municipal sewage and industrial effluent discharges, suggesting a direct influence of these sources on the pollutant distribution patterns. PAH concentrations were one to two orders of magnitude higher in comparison with those reported for riverine/estuaries systems around the world. Molecular indices, such as pyrogenic index (PI), methylphenanthrenes to phenanthrene ratio, HMW_PAH/LMW_PAH, A-PAHs/P-PAHs, FL/FL?+?PY, BaP/BaP?+?C, IP/IP?+?BgP, and Per/??(penta-aromatics) were calculated to evaluate different hydrocarbon origins and their relative importance. In general, sediments from the main basin and northwest basin of Lake Maryut showed the highest PAH concentrations with petrogenic signatures, indicating major sources of petrogenic PAHs in the city. On the other hand, lower levels of PAHs with a pyrogenic signature were widely recorded in areas that are distant from anthropogenic sources. At other locations, both petrogenic and pyrogenic inputs were significant. The concentrations of perylene relative to the penta-aromatic isomers are dominant especially in locations associated with terrestrial inputs and in the deepest core sediments, indicating diagenetic origin for the presence of perylene. Temporal trends of PAH concentrations in both cores sediments were influenced by input pathways and followed the economic development and the environmental policies of the Egyptian Government in the last 15 years. Finally, PAH levels in sediments were compared with Sediments Quality Guidelines (effects range median?Ceffects range low) for evaluation probable toxic effects on organism. Results suggest an ecotoxicological risk for benthic organisms mainly in the main basin area, where high concentrations of PAHs were found in sediments influenced by anthropogenic activities.  相似文献   

Folic acid and flaxseed oil supplements in Ossimi ewes: effect on body weight changes,progesterone profile,blood chemistry,and litter traits     

El-Tarabany  Mahmoud S.  Atta  Mostafa A.  Emara  Sana S.  Mostafa  Mohamed M. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(1):301-308

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aim was to explore the impact of periconceptional folic acid or flaxseed oil (FXO) supplementation on fertility, progesterone profile, and blood...  相似文献   

Potential for endozoochorous seed dispersal by sheep and goats: Risk of weed seed transport via animal faeces     

Mostafa Oveisi  Ahmad Ojaghi  Hamid Rahimian Mashhadi  Heinz Müller‐Schrer  Kamran Reza Yazdi  Behnaz Pourmorad Kaleibar  Elias Soltani 《Weed Research》2021,61(1):1-12

Endozoochory is known as an important mechanism for the spread of weeds. We carried out experiments to assess the fate of seeds of several weed species (Convolvulus arvensis, Cuscuta campestris, Rumex crispus, Hordeum spontaneum and Sorghum halepense) after passing through the gut of sheep and goat. Eighteen animals of both sheep and goat received diet mixed with seeds of the weed species or control with only wheat bran (five weed species + control × three replications). Results showed that a higher proportion of seeds were missing after passage through the sheep gut than in goats. In goats, a greater proportion of seeds were dead after passage, but the number of seeds collected from dung was also greater. Weed species differed, with the highest seed recovery and viability in Cuscuta campestris. Based on time of seed passages through the animal gut estimated for the different weed species, we recommend that sheep should be kept in a corral for 96 hr to minimise seed transportation via their faeces. For goats, if R. crispus and C. arvensis seeds could be excluded from the diet, then maintaining them for 96 hr in an animal stall would ensure little seed transportation via dung, but we found R. crispus and C. arvensis seeds to be present and viable in goat dung even 120 hr after feeding. Very large numbers of viable seeds can be found in goat and sheep dung, so the use of rotted manure is highly recommended to avoid transportation of viable seeds via manure fertilisers.  相似文献   

Comparative Studies on the Green Algae Chlorella homosphaera and Chlorella vulgaris with Respect to Oil Pollution in the River Nile     

El-Sheekh  Mostafa M.  El-Naggar  Amal H.  Osman  Mohamed E. H.  Haieder  Ayman 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2000,124(1-2):187-204

The effect of oil pollution on growth and metabolic activitiesof the fresh water algae Chlorella homosphaera and C.vulgaris was studied. The study was conducted on two locationsin the river Nile, one is oil polluted and the other is notpolluted. The assemblage of the different algal groups wasmonitored in both locations. Chlorophyta was more dominant thanCyanophyta and Bacillariophyta in both locations during allseasons except in winter when Bacillariophyta is the mostdominant group. The presence of crude oil or its refineryproducts (solar and lubricating) in the culture media of algaemarkedly influenced their growth, proteins and nucleic acidcontents. The toxicity of oil was a concentration dependent. Thelow concentrations stimulated growth, protein content andnucleic acids, whereas high concentrations had an inhibitoryeffect. Although DNA and RNA responded similarly to crude oil inthe two tested organisms, DNA showed more sensitivity than RNAto solar oil. Lubricating oil had a little phytotoxic effect onnucleic acids. Different species of algae response differentiallyto oil pollution; Chlorella vulgaris can be referred to asoil-sensitive, while Chlorella homosphaera can toleraterelatively higher concentrations of oil.  相似文献   

Fattening performance of purebred and crossbred lambs from fat-tailed Kurdi ewes mated to four Iranian native ram breeds     

Esmailizadeh AK  Nemati M  Mokhtari MS 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(2):217-223

A crossbreeding experiment was carried out to determine the sire breed effects on fattening performance of fat-tailed lambs. Rams from four Iranian fat-tailed sheep breeds, namely Kurdi (K), Afshari (A), Chaal (C) and Sanjabi (S) were mated to Kurdi ewes producing 454 progeny of four genotype groups (KK, AK, CK and SK). A total of 80 lambs comprising ten female and ten male lambs from each genotype group were used in a fattening experiment during a period of 88 days. Genotype of the lamb had significant effect on average dry matter intake (ADMI) (P < 0.05). SK lambs had the lowest ADMI. Average daily gain (ADG) and food conversion ratio (FCR) were not influenced by genotype of the lamb. Sex of the lamb had significant effect on both ADG and FCR (P < 0.01). Slaughter weight (SLW), hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and daily carcass gain (DCG) were not affected by lamb's genotype. However, genotype had significant effect on dressing percentage, carcass loss percentage (P < 0.01), carcass length (CL), leg circumference (LC), carcass compactness (CC) (P < 0.01) and carcass density (CD) (P < 0.05). Carcass width (CW) and leg length (LL) were not affected by lamb's genotype. Sex of the lamb had significant effects on CL, CW, LC, CC, CD (P < 0.01) and LL (P < 0.05). The results indicated the existence of sire breed difference for daily dry matter intake and carcass conformation in the fat-tailed sheep.  相似文献   

Effect of adding different levels of rumen protected choline to the diet on productive and reproductive performance of female goats and growth of their kids from birthing to weaning          下载免费PDF全文

Alsaied A. Habeeb  Ahmed E. Gad  Mostafa A. Atta  Mohammed M. Mustafa 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(2):348-358

Forty female goats in the third parity were randomly divided into four similar groups. The experiment was started 20 days before mating and lasted until the end of the suckling period for 60 days and weaning their kids. The first group were fed diet without supplementation and kept as control while in the second, third and fourth groups, each doe was fed diets with rumen protected choline (RPC) at the rate of 10, 20 and 40 g/day, respectively. Results showed that number of doe kidding twins and triplets and litter weight of kids born per group increased with increasing the level of RPC in the diet of goats and viability rate of born kids during the suckling period improved due to RPC supplementation in the diets of their mothers. Duration of estrous, days from weaning to estrous, days from kidding to estrous and kidding interval decreased significantly, while conception rate increased due to adding RPC. Milk choline concentrations and total choline secretion though milk were progressively increased significantly with increasing the level of RPC supplementation. Live body weight and daily body gain of their suckling male and female kids at weaning increased significantly with increasing RPC levels in the diets of their mothers.  相似文献   

Effect of reproductive disorders on productivity and reproductive efficiency of dromedary she-camels in relation to cytokine concentration     

O. M. El-Malky  T. H. Mostafa  A. M. Abd El-Salaam  M. S. Ayyat 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(5):1079-1087

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of reproductive disorders on reproductive efficiency and milk production in relation with pro-inflammatory cytokines in dromedary she-camels. Total of 20 late pregnant Maghrabi she-camels, aging 6–9 years, weighing 420–550 kg, and between the second and third parities were divided into two groups. Animals in the first group (n?=?12) showed normal reproductive status (G₁) at parturition, while those in the second one (n?=?8) were suffered from reproductive disorders after parturition (G₂). Results showed that during pre-partum, red blood cells (RBCs) count decreased (P?≤?0.05), while white blood cells (WBCs), packed cell volume (PCV) value, and neutrophils percentage increased (P?≤?0.05) in G₂ than in G₁. Percentages of monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils as well as hemoglobin concentration did not differ significantly (P?≥?0.05) in G1 and G2. During postpartum period, the same results were noticed in addition to increase (P?≤?0.05) in eosinophil and decrease (P?≤?0.05) in basophils percentages. During prepartum period, concentration of total proteins, albumin (AL) and IGF-1decreased (P?≤?0.05), cholesterol concentration, and activity of AST and ALT were higher (P?≤?0.05) in G₂ than in G₁. Globulin (GL), AL: GL ratio, glucose, urea-N, creatinine, and triglyceride concentrations did not differ significantly in G₁ and G₂. During postpartum period, the same results were noticed with decrease (P?≤?0.05) in GL and glucose concentrations in G₂ as compared to G₁. Concentration of all pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ, was higher (P?≤?0.05) in G₂ than in G₁ at different peri-parturient times. Milk yield, days in milk, protein and lactose percentages, and IgG concentration were higher (P?≤?0.05) in G₁ than in G₂. Fat, total solids, solid non-fat, and ash percentages did not show any significant differences between both groups. Reproductive traits, including length of estrous cycle, duration of estrous period, number of services/conception, gestation period, days open, and conception rate, were higher (P?<?0.05) in G₁ than in G₂. From the present study can be concluded that pro-inflammatory cytokines may be a necessary test for the early diagnosis to prevent related disease in dromedary camels suffering from reproductive disorders. This study indicated strong relationship between hematological parameters and concentration of blood biochemicals and cytokines with reproductive efficiency in camels, which may be helpful in elucidating the adverse effects associated with reproductive disorders.  相似文献   

Influence of radiographic techniques on the measurement of femoral anteversion angles and a conformation score of pelvic limbs in Labrador retrievers          下载免费PDF全文

Ayman A. Mostafa BVSc  MVSc  PhD  Devin P. Cunningham DVM  Randy J. Boudrieau DVM  DACVS  DECVS  Michael P. Kowaleski DVM  DACVS  Dominique J. Griffon DVM  MS  PhD  DECVS  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(3):421-430

  相似文献   

Bioactive Natural Products from the Red Sea     

Mostafa E. Rateb  Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen 《Marine drugs》2021,19(6)

  相似文献   

Pigmentation and growth performance in the blue gourami,Trichogaster trichopterus,fed marigold,Calendula officinalis,powder, a natural carotenoid source     

Maryam Jorjani  Mostafa Sharif Rohani  Amin Mirhashemi Rostami  Harry Ako  Aileen Tan Shau Hwai 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(4):789-799

The present study aimed to determine the effects of different levels of marigold, Calendula officinalis, powder, 0 (control), 0.5% (M0.5), 1.5% (M1.5), and 2.5% (M2.5), on pigmentation and growth performance of the blue gourami after a 70‐day trial. At the end of the experiment, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in fish growth performance and body compositions. Color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) were weekly evaluated by examining a point posterior to the fish operculum. The marigold‐fed fish were darker than the control fish at Weeks 9 and 10. Yellowness intensity of the M2.5 was significantly higher than the other treatments at Week 9. Skin and caudal fin total carotenoids, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β‐carotene contents of the treatment M2.5 were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments. Muscle total carotenoids, astaxanthin, and canthaxanthin contents of the marigold‐treated fish were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. Muscle β‐carotene contents of the treatments M1.5 and M2.5 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. This study shows that marigold powder may be considered an efficient natural carotenoid source for pigmentation in blue gourami.  相似文献