拔节期氮肥运筹对不同滴灌量下冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响     

张永强  张璐  陈传信  赛力汗·赛  薛丽华  陈兴武  雷钧杰 《中国农学通报》2020,36(16):1-6

为探明拔节期氮肥运筹对不同滴灌量下冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响,在大田滴灌技术条件下,以‘新冬41号’为试验材料,研究4种拔节期氮肥运筹处理[N0(0 kg/hm²)、N1(90 kg/hm²)、N2(180 kg/hm²)、N3(270 kg/hm²)]对3种不同滴灌量[W1(1500 m³/hm²)、W2(3000 m³/hm²)、W3(3450 m³/hm²)]下冬小麦叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、叶面积指数(LAI)、叶片光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,在3种滴灌量下各氮肥处理冬小麦拔节至乳熟期叶片SPAD值均呈“先增后降”的变化规律,最大值均在灌浆期;LAI呈现“先增后降”的变化规律,在孕穗期达最大。在同一施氮水平下,滴灌量增加,叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均增加,而胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)则降低。滴灌量较低时（W1处理）,增加拔节期施氮量能有效提高滴灌冬小麦的有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、产量和收获系数;水分充足时（W2、W3处理）,增加拔节期施氮量反而不利于产量的提高。综合考虑各项产量指标及氮肥利用效率得出,在滴灌量3000 m³/hm²条件下,拔节期施氮量180 kg/hm²时,滴灌冬小麦籽粒产量较高,氮肥利用率最大,可供生产参考。  相似文献   

贵州省辣椒炭疽病病原鉴定及协同增效药剂筛选     

罗跃  刘旭东  韩磊  姚小龙  耿广东  吴小毛 《北方园艺》2021,(14):21-30

以采自贵州省贵阳市和遵义市的辣椒炭疽病病样为试材,采用组织分离法分离病原菌,依照柯赫氏法则确定病原菌的致病性,根据菌株形态特征及rDNA-ITS序列分析鉴定,研究引起贵州省辣椒炭疽病的病原;采用菌丝生长抑制法,研究了致病菌株对甲基硫茼灵等11种原药和10％苯醚甲环唑等6种成品药的敏感性,从而在此基础上选择不同作用机理的药剂组合复配,测定抑制活性.结果 表明:结合形态学及分子生物学确定其为辣椒炭疽病菌,分别为尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum)、斯高维尔炭疽菌(Colletotrichum scovillei)和疑似新种(Colletotrichum sp.);经敏感性测定,所选药剂对菌株均有一定程度的抑制作用;咪鲜胺、双苯菌胺、唑胺菌酯、戊唑醇等4种原药对3株辣椒炭疽病菌药效比较稳定,抑制效果较好;辣椒炭疽病菌对22.50％啶氧菌酯和10％苯醚甲环唑2种成品药剂的敏感性较高,EC50值分别为1.60 mg·L-1和2.12 mg·L-1;戊唑醇与吡唑醚菌酯3∶1和1∶1复配时,SR分别为1.7453和2.0611,1∶1时增效效果最好.啶氧菌酯与咪鲜胺1∶3、1∶1和1∶5复配时,SR分别为1.7234,1.6611和1.6585,1∶3增效效果最好.综上所述,引起贵州省辣椒炭疽病的病原菌有GY-1尖孢炭疽菌(C.acutatum);ZY-1斯高维尔炭疽菌(C.scovillei);ZY-2疑似新种(Colletotrichum sp.).  相似文献   

Identification and Expression Analysis of MYB Transcription Factors Related to Rust Resistance in Foxtail Millet   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

BAI Hui  SONG ZhenJun  WANG YongFang  QUAN JianZhang  MA JiFang  LIU Lei  LI ZhiYong  DONG ZhiPing 《中国农业科学》2019,52(22):4016-4026

  相似文献   

猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸水提醇沉工艺研究     

梁运霞  尚磊  刘伟  梁晓庆  孟妍  庞淑华  梁立 《中兽医医药杂志》2015,(1):42-44

目的:考察猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸的水提醇沉工艺。方法:以黄芪甲苷的含量及干膏得率作为评价指标,选用L9(34)进行正交试验。结果:猪用加味玉屏风缓释微丸最佳水提取工艺为药材分别加12倍量水,提取2次,提取时间分别为0.5 h;最佳醇沉工艺为浓缩药液相对密度1.15,加醇浓度70%,静置时间为12 h。结论:优选出的水提醇沉工艺科学、合理。  相似文献   

甘肃省家畜棘球蚴病流行情况与防控对策     

潘永红  李跃增 《中兽医医药杂志》2015,(1):78-80

棘球蚴病又称包虫病,是一种重要的人兽共患寄生虫病,不仅给养殖业造成巨大的经济损失,而且对人体健康带来严重危害。本文论述了棘球蚴病在甘肃省的流行情况,指出了目前棘球蚴病防控工作存在的问题,结合甘肃省实际提出了棘球蚴病防控对策。  相似文献   

Effect of Lysine Supplement on the Digestion and Metabolism of the Rumen in Small-tail Han Sheep     

LIU Wen-jie  LUO Qiu-jiang  ZHONG Tao  CHEN Yong  PAN Rong 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(10):2658-2668

5 male Small-tail Han sheep with the body weight of 45 kg at 1.5 years old,fitted with permanent rumen fistula,to study of the effect of the supplement of the untreated commercial lysine on the rumen microbiocoenosis,rumen metabolism and whole body metabolism by 5×5 Latin square design (5 groups:control,control with low urea (equal nitrogen),low lysine,control with high urea (equal nitrogen),high lysine).The amounts of lysine-HCl supplement were 0,4.0 and 8.0 g/kg diet (as DM basis) in each group respectively,with two urea supplement control groups of equal amount of nitrogen.The results showed that by supplement of 4.0 and 8.0 g/kg of lysine-HCl diet (as DM basis) respectively,the voluntary intake of dry matter of sheep were increased by 5.5%(P>0.05) and 11.8%(P<0.05) respectively.The total amount of rumen bacteria were increased by 18.9%(P<0.01) and 23.9%(P<0.01) respectively,as the amount of rumen Coccus was increased by 21.2%(P<0.01) and 30.1%(P<0.01) respectively.The amount of rumen big Bacillus was decreased by 16.7%(P<0.05) and 33.3%(P<0.01) respectively.The total VFA of was increased by 9.6%(P<0.05) and 12.2%(P<0.01) respectively,as the butyric acid was increased by 12.8%(P>0.05) and 20.2%(P<0.01) respectively.The apparent digestibility of organic matter was increased by 6.4%(P>0.05) and 10.0%(P<0.05) respectively,the apparent digestibility of crude protein was increased by 7.0%(P>0.05) and 18.3%(P<0.01) respectively;And nitrogen retention was increased by 46.4%(P>0.05) and 110.7%(P<0.01) respectively.However,there was no effect of lysine supplement on the amounts of the rumen protozoa and fungi,and the concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen.It was concluded that the supplement of untreated commercial lysine to adult sheep would increase the voluntary intake,digestibility,nitrogen retention the rumen microbiocoenosis and the total amount of rumen bacteria,especially the rumen Coccus of adult sheep.The effect of lysine supplement could not be replaced by urea supplement completely.  相似文献   

水稻根系育种研究进展     

魏磊  董华林  武晓智  费震江 《农业科学与技术》2015,(4):675-678

水稻（Oryza sativa L.）根系对水稻的生长发育及产量形成具有至关重要的作用。根据目前水稻根系育种的研究现状，分析了水稻根系育种对提高产量、改变形态特征和生理特性的重要性，并对其研究前景进行了分析和展望。  相似文献   

中国石油海外管道完整性管理的必要性和挑战     

李大全  黄文  汪是洋  管磊  祝宝利  梁江 《油气储运》2015,(1):19-23

针对国家油气战略通道安全平稳运行的需要,基于中国石油海外油气管道的基本特点,分析了海外油气管道实施完整性管理的必要性。根据中国石油海外管道安全运行的技术需求和油气管道完整性管理技术的特征,分析了中国石油海外油气管道实施完整性管理面临的技术挑战。为提高海外管道安全水平,避免海外投资遭受损失,需尽快开展海外管道的完整性技术应用工作。在具体实施过程中,需要与国内管道完整性管理技术研究及应用单位相结合,充分发挥中国石油集团公司整体技术优势。  相似文献   

普通钢架大棚甜瓜嫁接砧木品种筛选试验     

梁祖珍  潘玲华  贺申魁  刘凤琼  邓飞鹏  赵兵 《长江蔬菜》2014,(20):35-38

在普通钢架大棚内,以实生苗为对照,对引进的5个甜瓜砧木品种进行甜瓜嫁接比较试验。试验结果表明,5个砧木品种嫁接苗成活率均在90%以上,其植株和瓜的生长特性、产量和品质均没有显著差异,与实生苗之间亦无显著差异,综合性状表现较好的砧木品种为日本青秀和亮丽王。  相似文献   

检测马疱疹病毒4型抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及应用简     

田志革  郭巍  赵世华 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(1):11-14

In order to establish an indirect ELISA method for detection of equine herpesviruses type 4 （EHV4） antibody, the glycoprotein G （gG） protein with specific epitope worked as a detection antigen. After optimizing conditions, the indirect ELISA method was developed successfully，specificity and repeatability tests were determined. The result was that the EHV4 gG only reacted with antibodies against EHV4;but not with antibodies against EHV1; both the intro-batch and inter-batch variation coefficiencies were lower than 10%.Concordance of the indirect ELISA relative to commercial EHV1/4 antibody kit was above 90%.The results indicated that the indirect ELISA method could be used for the detection and epidemiological surveys of EHV4 infection.  相似文献