The importance of sub‐peat carbon storage as shown by data from Dartmoor,UK     

R. M. Fyfe  R. Coombe  H. Davies  L. Parry 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(1):23-31

Peatlands are highly valued for their range of ecosystem services, including distinctive biodiversity, agricultural uses, recreational amenities, water provision, river flow regulation and their capacity to store carbon. There have been a range of estimates of carbon stored in peatlands in the United Kingdom, but uncertainties remain, in particular with regard to depth and bulk density of peat. In addition, very few studies consider the full profile with depth in carbon auditing. The importance of sub‐peat soils within peatland carbon stores has been recognized, but remains poorly understood and is included rarely within peatland carbon audits. This study examines the importance of the carbon store based on a study of blanket peat on Dartmoor, UK, by estimating peat depths in a 4 × 1 km survey area using ground penetrating radar (GPR), extraction of 43 cores across a range of peat depth, and estimation of carbon densities based on measures of loss‐on‐ignition and bulk density. Comparison of GPR estimates of peat depth with core depths shows excellent agreement, to provide the basis for a detailed understanding of the distribution of peat depths within the survey area. Carbon densities of the sub‐peat soils are on average 78 and 53 kg C/m³ for the overlying blanket peat. There is considerable spatial variability in the estimates of total carbon from each core across the survey area, with values ranging between 56.5 kg C/m² (1.01 m total depth of peat and soil) and 524 kg C/m² (6.63 m total depth). Sub‐peat soil carbon represents between 4 and 28 per cent (mean 13.5) of the total carbon stored, with greater values for shallower peat. The results indicate a significant and previously unaccounted store of carbon within blanket peat regions which should be included in future calculations of overall carbon storage. It is argued that this store needs to be considered in carbon audits.  相似文献   

Corneal epithelial inclusion cyst in a Llama     

Pirie CG  Pizzirani S  Parry NM 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2008,11(2):111-113

A 13-year-old, female Llama presented for evaluation of a limbal based corneal mass involving the OD of 4 months duration. The mass was excised en bloc by a nonpenetrating keratectomy, followed by placement of a conjunctival advancement flap covering the keratectomy site. The mass was submitted for histological evaluation. Histopathology identified the mass to be a corneal epithelial inclusion cyst filled with necrotic squamous and neutrophilic debris. Surgical excision was complete and considered curative with no signs of recurrence 3 months postoperatively. There was no known prior ocular trauma; however, a previously performed corneal biopsy for evaluation of recurrent epithelial erosions may have been an initiating cause.  相似文献   

The effect of modified-live virus vaccination on von Willebrand factor antigen concentrations and platelet counts in dogs     

Stokol T  Parry BW 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1997,26(3):135-137

  相似文献   

The Relationship Between Wheat Seed Weight, Infection by Fusarium culmorum or Microdochium nivale, Germination and Seedling Disease     

M.C. Hare  D.W. Parry  M.D. Baker 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(9):859-866

The distribution of seeds by weight for three lots of winter wheat cv. Avalon infected by Fusarium culmorum and three lots of winter wheat cv. Riband infected by Microdochium nivale was determined. The distribution of infected seeds within each seed lot was then determined by isolating F. culmorum from seeds on moist filter paper and M. nivale from seeds on potato dextrose agar. The distribution of M. nivale infected seeds between seeds of different weight was similar to that of the seed lot as a whole, whereas the distribution of F. culmorum was greater in light seeds than heavy seeds. The percentage germination of infected seeds decreased with seed weight. A similar situation was found with respect to seedling emergence in compost for F. culmorum infected seeds. However, with M. nivale infection, similar numbers of seedlings emerged from both light and heavy infected seeds. Seed treatment with guazatine increased seedling emergence for both light and heavy seed infected by M. nivale. However, seedling emergence from F. culmorum infected seed was poor even following treatment with guazatine. Poor emergence was most evident from light seed.  相似文献   

Anal sac gland carcinoma in a cat     

Parry NM 《Veterinary pathology》2006,43(6):1008-1009

A perianal mass in a 15-year-old domestic shorthair cat with a history of a firm, painful swelling in the left ventrolateral perianal region was surgically excised and submitted for light microscopic evaluation. Histologically, this was a poorly demarcated, unencapsulated, multilobulated neoplasm that invaded surrounding perirectal skeletal muscle bundles. Lobules were composed of sheets and acinar arrangements of cuboidal to round neoplastic epithelial cells with scant to moderate eosinophilic to amphophilic cytoplasm and a round or oval nucleus with coarse chromatin. Mitotic figures were 2 per 40 x objective field. Acinar lumina sometimes contained eosinophilic proteinaceous material or cell debris. These microscopic features are consistent with anal sac gland carcinoma. This is the second report of this neoplasm in a cat.  相似文献   

Within-field variability of Fusarium head blight pathogens and their associated mycotoxins   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

X.-M. Xu  D. W. Parry  P. Nicholson  M. A. Thomsett  D. Simpson  S. G. Edwards  B. M. Cooke  F. M. Doohan  S. Monaghan  A. Moretti  G. Tocco  G. Mule  L. Hornok  E. Béki  J. Tatnell  A. Ritieni 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,120(1):21-34

Within-field variability in the Fusarium head blight (FHB) and its associated mycotoxins was studied in four European countries. At each of 14 sites, each FHB pathogen and associated mycotoxins were quantified in 16 quadrat samples at harvest. Overall, the incidence of quadrat samples with detectable and quantifiable pathogen DNA was significantly lower in the grain than in the corresponding chaff. Deoxynivalenol (DON) was the most frequently detected toxin in the samples and its accumulation was most strongly associated with the presence of Fusarium graminearum. Nivalenol (NIV) accumulation was significantly associated only with the presence of F. culmorum. Zearalenone (ZON) accumulation was strongly associated with the presence of all three pathogens (F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. poae). The levels of both DON and ZON concentrations were positively related to the amount of F. graminearum DNA in the grain or in the chaff. The presence/absence of FHB pathogens within a single quadrat appeared to be independent of each other. The presence of a particular FHB pathogen and the amount of its DNA, as well as the associated mycotoxin(s), varied greatly among samples at each site. This study demonstrated the large extent of within-field variability of FHB and its associated mycotoxins, and the importance of representative sampling in FHB studies.  相似文献   

A perspective on management of Helicoverpa armigera: transgenic Bt cotton,IPM, and landscapes          下载免费PDF全文

Sharon Downes  Darren Kriticos  Hazel Parry  Cate Paull  Nancy Schellhorn  Myron P Zalucki 《Pest management science》2017,73(3):485-492

Helicoverpa armigera is a major pest of agriculture, horticulture and floriculture throughout the Old World and recently invaded parts of the New World. We overview of the evolution in thinking about the application of area‐wide approaches to assist with its control by the Australian Cotton Industry to highlight important lessons and future challenges to achieving the same in the New World. An over‐reliance of broad‐spectrum insecticides led to Helicoverpa spp. in Australian cotton rapidly became resistant to DDT, synthetic pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates and endosulfan. Voluntary strategies were developed to slow the development of insecticide resistance, which included rotating chemistries and basing spray decisions on thresholds. Despite adoption of these practices, insecticide resistance continued to develop until the introduction of genetically modified cotton provided a platform for augmenting Integrated Pest Management in the Australian cotton industry. Compliance with mandatory resistance management plans for Bt cotton necessitated a shift from pest control at the level of individual fields or farms towards a coordinated area‐wide landscape approach. Our take‐home message for control of H. armigera is that resistance management is essential in genetically modified crops and must be season long and area‐wide to be effective. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Valentins Sloss 1922–2016          下载免费PDF全文

DB Galloway  TA Mason  BW Parry 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(5):137-137

  相似文献   

How pristine are tropical forests? An ecological perspective on the pre-Columbian human footprint in Amazonia and implications for contemporary conservation     

Jos Barlow  Toby A. Gardner  Alexander C. Lees  Luke Parry  Carlos A. Peres 《Biological conservation》2012,151(1):45-49

Archeologists, paleoecologists and anthropologists argue that ecologists need to give greater consideration to the pre-historical influence of humans in shaping the current structure and composition of tropical forests. We examine these arguments within the context of Amazonia, and assess the extent to which (i) the concepts of “pristine forests” and “cultural parklands” are mutually exclusive, (ii) the aggregated distribution of some plants necessarily indicates enrichment planting, (iii) pre-Columbian human disturbance has increased forest biodiversity, (iv) pre-Columbian indigenous practices were always sustainable, and (v) if indeed, the ecological impacts of pre-Columbian peoples are relevant for modern biodiversity conservation. Overall, we reject the notion that “the pristine myth has been thoroughly debunked” by archeological evidence, and suggest that the environmental impacts of historical peoples occurred along gradients, with high-impacts in settlements and patches of Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE), lesser impacts where occasional enrichment planting took place in forests surrounding agricultural plots, and a very low influence (in terms of light hunting pressure and other types of resource extraction) across vast areas of Amazonia that may always have been far from permanent settlements and navigable rivers. We suggest that the spatial distribution of pre-Columbian finds is given more attention, and urge caution before case studies are extrapolated to the entire Basin. Above all, we feel that debates over “naturalness” and environmental impacts of pre-Columbian humans are of limited relevance to present and future biodiversity conservation, and can detract from the major challenges facing Amazonia and other tropical forest regions today.  相似文献   

The spread of PVYo in New Brunswick potato fields: Timing and vectors     

G. Boiteau  R. P. Singh  R. H. Parry  Y. Pelletier 《American Journal of Potato Research》1988,65(11):639-649

Field tests at three sites over a period of three to four years have shown that PVY^o spread in New Brunswick starts in mid-to late July when plants reach maximum height. Some 62 different genera or species of aphids were collected in experimental plots. Only seven of these were known vector species. Of the colonizing species, the alate green peach aphid,Myzus persicae (Sulzer), seems to be the most important vector. However, because it is not always present when disease spread starts, non-colonizing aphids are probably responsible for the early spread of PVY^o. Five of these species of aphids were tested in the laboratory to determine their vector efficiency. A list of potential vectors is presented. The impact of these findings on the management of PVY^o is discussed.  相似文献