Swollen head syndrome: clinical observations and serological examinations in West Germany     

H M Hafez  U L?hren 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,97(8):322-324

Swollen Head Syndrome (SHS) affects both broiler and broiler breeders and has become a problem in many countries. Clinical signs similar to those described in SHS conditions have been observed in northern Germany with the disease observed mostly in chicken broilers between 4 and 5 weeks of age and in broiler breeders between 24 and 36 weeks of age. The mortality rate in broilers has been variable from negligible to 5%. In broiler breeders, the symptoms were accompanied with a drop in egg production reaching 2-3% after 1 to 2 weeks. 422 Serum samples from 21 broiler flocks were examined for the presence of antibodies to TRT-virus using indirect ELISA tests. Antibodies were detected in 2 flocks which suffered from SHS, but not in 2 flocks showing respiratory manifestations nor in 17 apparently healthy flocks. The results obtained from testing 178 serum samples from 10 breeder flocks revealed that antibodies to TRT-virus were present in one flock with SHS signs as well as in 6 apparently healthy flocks. In addition, no antibodies were found in sera collected from 3 flocks--one with SHS and respiratory disease history; one recovered from respiratory infection and one without disease history. Examination of paired serum samples from 3 breeder flocks that suffered from typical SHS-signs collected at the onset of the disease and during the convalescent stage, as well as sera from one broiler and one breeder flocks that showed respiratory manifestations, showed that there are significant increases in the number of positive sera in the flocks with SHS symptoms. The other flocks remained free from TRT antibodies.  相似文献   

Glucose, lactate and actual pH values in cows and calves during and immediately following birth]     

M Mülling  H Waizenh?fer  B Brattig 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1979,92(6):111-117

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Announcement     

Jens Havskov  S?ren Alexandersen  Poul Astrup  Knud Erik Christensen  Torben Mikkelsen  et al. 《Tropical animal health and production》1990,22(1):62-43

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Comparative serological studies of methods for demonstrating antibodies in infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens     

B Fuchs  G B?ddecker  V von Bülow 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1985,98(8):261-266

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Effects of proinflammatory mediators on canine neutrophil chemotaxis and aggregation     

H Str?m  M K Thomsen 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1990,25(3):209-217

The present study investigated in vitro the qualitative and quantitative neutrophil function-activating properties of the most important non-cytokine participants in the acute inflammatory cell response. Apart from the results obtained with leukotriene (LT) D4, similar qualitative relationships were found for the several mediators tested regarding effects on neutrophil migration and aggregation. Thus, LTB4, PAF-acether and zymosan-activated serum all activated both functions, while f-Met-Leu-Phe had no effect. In all cases, the half-maximal eliciting concentration (EC50) for induction of chemotaxis was much lower than for aggregation, indicating that high and low receptor affinity responses were being studied, respectively. LTD4 induced modest aggregation, but was virtually without effect on migration. Using PAF-acether as stimulus, the mechanism of aggregation was studied in more detail. The results indicate that LTB4, PAF-acether, the complement-split products C5a/C5a desArg, and perhaps LTD4, may play a role as stimulants of neutrophil functions in inflammatory processes in vivo.  相似文献   

Spongy degeneration of white matter in the central nervous system of silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes)     

G Hagen  I Bjerk?s 《Veterinary pathology》1990,27(3):187-193

A disorder of central nervous white matter in Norwegian-bred silver foxes is described from the case histories of 21 clinically affected foxes. The main presenting sign of this disorder was caudal limb ataxia, which appeared between 2 1/2 and 4 months of age and progressed over the next 4-8 weeks. Only four affected foxes were allowed to live beyond this period, but they showed moderate to marked improvement. Light microscopic examination of specimens from 16 affected foxes necropsied between 3 1/2 and 6 1/2 months of age revealed lesions that were restricted to the white matter of brain and spinal cord. The lesions were characterized by a symmetrical spongy change with vacuoles of varying sizes and included significant myelin deficiency. There was a relative preservation of axons and nerve cells and no significant inflammation or vascular reaction. An astrocytic hypertrophy was usually associated with the spongy change. Ultrastructural examination of central nervous tissue from two, perfusion-fixed, 6-month-old foxes showed intramyelin vacuoles resulting from splitting of the myelin lamellae at the intraperiod line and was interpreted as indicating myelin edema. Expanded extracellular spaces and watery astrocytic processes also contributed to the vacuolar appearance. Astrocytic processes in affected areas were hypertrophic and contained abundant filaments. Although the 16 silver foxes had severe clinical signs, their lesions had features in common with the juvenile form of Canavan's disease in children and a spongy degeneration reported in Labrador Retrievers; however, the clinical course in the foxes was not uniformly progressive.  相似文献   

Trypanosoma evansi infection in buffaloes in north-east Thailand. I. Field investigations     

K F L?hr  S Pohlpark  L Srikitjakarn  P Thaboran  G Bettermann  C Staak 《Tropical animal health and production》1985,17(2):121-125

Clinical, parasitological and serological findings of Trypanosoma evansi infections in buffaloes (Bubalis bubalis) from north-eastern Thailand are reported. The overall infection rate was found to be around 20% with a distinct peak of acute infections during the rainy season. The disease is aggravated by normally well tolerated concomitant infections such as liver fluke infestations and by other stress factors.  相似文献   

Electron microscopic studies of mucosal extirpates of rabbits after after in vitro contact with Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida strains     

L B?tcher  S Grund  E Hellmann 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1990,37(7):520-531

In vitro experiments of adhesion and colonisation of mucosal surface fragments (nose, trachea) from freshly killed rabbits with four strains of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida with different types of capsule antigen (A, D, without capsule) showed the following results: Above all the capsule serovar A strain, producing a capsule of hyaluronic acid and fimbria, were able to adhere and to form microcolonies on the mucosal surface. Microvilli of epithelial cells and mucus producing cells were recognized as the place of adhesion. The formation of microcolonies occurred with a destruction of the kinocilia, which was caused by a bacteria free culture filtrate as well.  相似文献   

Vitamin A requirement of growing swine. 2. Effect of the vitamin A supply on the vitamin A concentrations in the liver and plasma of piglets and fattening swine     

A Hennig  F Sch?ne  H Lüdke  H Panndorf  D Geinitz 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1985,35(1):19-31

In 9 experiments the vitamin A content of the livers of 64 newborn (still births and deaths up to 48 h p.p.) and 69 weaned piglets, 122 growers and 110 fattening pigs was investigated after slaughtering or autopsy. Liver samples were taken from 78 growers by means of biopsy after latarotomy. A fluorometric analysis of the plasma vitamin A level was made. At the time of birth the vitamin A content of the piglet livers was less than 100 IU/g and did not show any differences between the experiments. At the time of weaning, however, the livers of piglets from large-scale production showed a three times higher content (175 IU/g liver) in comparison to those from traditional production. Highly significant linear relations were established between the vitamin A content of the feed and the liver. According to these, a liver content of vitamin A of approximately equal to 30 IU/g is ensured by approximately equal to 2,000 IU in weaning piglets and by approximately equal to 800 IU vitamin A/kg feed in fattening pigs. The vitamin A activity of the beta-carotene in weaners was ascertained as less than 100 IU/mg. The plasma vitamin A level indicated the vitamin A status only in the range of deficient supply. A different plasma content could not be detected between 1,000 and 4,000 IU vitamin A/kg feed. According to this, a semilogarithmic relation was calculated according to the model of a saturation curve between the vitamin A content of the plasma and the liver. The threshold value for the decrease of the plasma level under 45 IU vitamin A/dl is 35 IU/g liver. Due to the low definiteness measure (B = 0.52) the relation cannot be applied to the individual animal. A contamination of 1,000 mg nitrite/kg feed had a low, and in the course of the experiment decreasing, influence on the vitamin A content of plasma and liver.  相似文献   

Solubilization of group- and type-specific streptococcal antigens with a murolytic enzyme from Staphylococcus hyicus     

C L?mmler  I W Wibawan 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1990,37(3):173-176

Streptococcal group-specific antigens and B-streptococcal type antigens were solubilized with a murolytic enzyme from Staphylococcus hyicus. This facilitated the effective serogrouping and serotyping of streptococci isolated from humans and various animals.  相似文献